1School of Nursing, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, USA
2College of Education, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA
Copyright © 2023 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
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Variables | Pre-eWP | Post-eWP |
---|---|---|
Knowledge (percentage of the participants answering the questions correctly) | ||
SLE is a contagious disease | 77.9 | 100.0 |
SLE is a curable disease | 79.4 | 92.6 |
SLE mostly affects women | 89.7 | 91.2 |
Each SLE patient may have different symptoms depending on which organ the autoimmune attacks | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Pregnancy can make SLE symptoms worsen | 67.6 | 83.8 |
Stress can make SLE symptoms worsen | 100.0 | 98.5 |
SLE patients may choose to use any kind of birth control method | 47.1 | 63.2 |
SLE patients should take herbal medicine or supplements while receiving medical treatment from the doctor | 72.1 | 92.6 |
SLE patients may choose to stop taking medications by themselves when the SLE symptoms are under control | 88.2 | 94.1 |
SLE patients can obtain vaccinations at any time | 29.4 | 29.4 |
| ||
Health behaviors | ||
Hours of sleep (hr/day) | ||
<7 | 52.9 | 29.0 |
7–8 | 39.7 | 63.2 |
>8 | 7.4 | 7.4 |
Exercise frequency (day/wk) | ||
0–1 | 47.1 | 50.0 |
2–3 | 36.8 | 36.8 |
4–5 | 10.3 | 10.3 |
6–7 | 5.9 | 2.9 |
Exercise duration (min) | ||
<30 | 20.9 | 22.7 |
30–45 | 31.3 | 24.2 |
45–60 | 37.3 | 39.4 |
>60 | 10.4 | 13.6 |
No. of days with sun exposure | ||
0–1 | 55.9 | 57.4 |
2–3 | 26.5 | 33.8 |
4–5 | 11.8 | 2.9 |
6–7 | 5.9 | 5.9 |
No. of days forgetting to take medications | ||
0 | 69.1 | 58.8 |
1 | 11.8 | 29.4 |
2 | 17.6 | 7.4 |
3 | 1.5 | 4.4 |
>3 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Variables | Pre-eWP (%) | Post-eWP (%) | t | df | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stress, mean±SD (Min–Max) | 7.4±4.1 (0–20) | 6.0±3.7 (0–18) | −4.4 | 66 | <0.001 |
Normal | 55.9 | 74.6 | |||
Mild | 19.1 | 7.5 | |||
Moderate | 13.3 | 12.0 | |||
Severe | 7.3 | 4.5 | |||
Extremely severe | 4.4 | 1.5 | |||
| |||||
Anxiety, mean±SD (Min–Max) | 6.0±3.8 (0–18) | 5.1±3.8 (0–18) | −2.9 | 67 | 0.005 |
Normal | 26.5 | 39.7 | |||
Mild | 10.3 | 7.4 | |||
Moderate | 30.9 | 32.4 | |||
Severe | 16.2 | 10.3 | |||
Extremely severe | 16.2 | 10.3 | |||
| |||||
Depression, mean±SD (Min–Max) | 5.1±4.1 (0–19) | 4.5±3.6 (0–15) | −1.7 | 67 | 0.090 |
Normal | 55.9 | 55.9 | |||
Mild | 13.3 | 17.7 | |||
Moderate | 20.5 | 17.6 | |||
Severe | 7.3 | 5.9 | |||
Extremely severe | 3.0 | 2.9 |
Quality of life domains | Pre-eWP | Post-eWP | t | df | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physical health | 80.9±14.6 | 82.6±12.9 | 1.6 | 53 | 0.110 |
Pain | 74.9±19.5 | 81.3±16.6 | 3.6 | 65 | <0.001 |
Planning | 74.5±19.6 | 79.9±19.6 | 2.3 | 62 | 0.030 |
Intimate relationship | 65.0±31.1 | 71.1±31.5 | 2.7 | 43 | 0.010 |
Burden to others | 67.0±23.5 | 71.3±23.4 | 1.7 | 66 | 0.090 |
Emotional health | 73.1±19.5 | 77.2±20.3 | 2.4 | 65 | 0.020 |
Body image | 67.7±28.4 | 66.6±26.4 | −0.5 | 44 | 0.650 |
Fatigue | 65.4±20.0 | 68.9±20.5 | 2.2 | 58 | 0.030 |
Values are presented as %. SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; eWP, e-wellness program.
eWP, e-wellness program; SD, standard deviation; Min, minimum; Max, maximum; df, degree of freedom.
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; eWP, e-wellness program; df, degree of freedom.