Table 1.Sociodemographic characteristics and internet using time
Sociodemographic variables |
Total
|
NIU
|
OIU
|
MIU
|
HIU
|
p-value2
|
n |
%1
|
n |
% |
n |
% |
n |
% |
n |
% |
Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Boy |
39 612 |
100.0 |
8102 |
20.6 |
24 667 |
62.7 |
5911 |
14.4 |
932 |
2.3 |
<0.001 |
Girl |
35 454 |
100.0 |
5094 |
14.0 |
25 939 |
74.2 |
4004 |
10.7 |
417 |
1.1 |
|
Residing region |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rural area |
9372 |
100.0 |
1815 |
19.4 |
5865 |
62.4 |
1478 |
15.9 |
214 |
2.3 |
<0.001 |
Small city |
26 407 |
100.0 |
4816 |
17.9 |
17 742 |
68.4 |
3381 |
12.0 |
468 |
1.7 |
|
Large city |
39 287 |
100.0 |
6565 |
17.0 |
26 999 |
68.4 |
5056 |
12.9 |
667 |
1.7 |
|
Type of school |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Middle school |
38 409 |
100.0 |
6931 |
17.9 |
25 697 |
67.7 |
5088 |
12.7 |
693 |
1.7 |
<0.001 |
General high school |
27 380 |
100.0 |
4200 |
14.9 |
19 936 |
73.8 |
2919 |
10.1 |
325 |
1.2 |
|
Vocational high school |
9277 |
100.0 |
2065 |
23.4 |
4973 |
52.2 |
1908 |
20.6 |
331 |
3.8 |
|
Subjective academic performance status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upper |
25 995 |
100.0 |
3934 |
15.3 |
19 134 |
73.8 |
2586 |
9.5 |
341 |
1.4 |
<0.001 |
Middle |
20 219 |
100.0 |
3289 |
16.3 |
14 226 |
71.1 |
2473 |
11.5 |
231 |
1.1 |
|
Lower |
28 852 |
100.0 |
5973 |
20.3 |
17 246 |
60.7 |
4856 |
16.4 |
777 |
2.6 |
|
Subjective economic status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upper |
20 250 |
100.0 |
3883 |
18.8 |
14 115 |
70.4 |
1950 |
9.3 |
302 |
1.5 |
<0.001 |
Middle |
35 449 |
100.0 |
5590 |
15.6 |
24 822 |
70.7 |
4523 |
12.3 |
514 |
1.4 |
|
Lower |
19 367 |
100.0 |
3723 |
19.5 |
11 669 |
60.5 |
3442 |
17.2 |
533 |
2.8 |
|
Family affluence score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upper |
22 676 |
100.0 |
3883 |
16.9 |
14 115 |
70.6 |
1950 |
10.7 |
302 |
1.8 |
<0.001 |
Middle |
42 299 |
100.0 |
5590 |
16.3 |
24 822 |
69.1 |
4523 |
13.0 |
514 |
1.6 |
|
Lower |
10 091 |
100.0 |
3723 |
24.0 |
11 669 |
57.3 |
3442 |
16.4 |
533 |
2.4 |
|
Presence of parents |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Both |
61 334 |
100.0 |
10 112 |
16.4 |
42 922 |
70.7 |
7399 |
11.5 |
901 |
1.4 |
<0.001 |
Fatherless or motherless |
9969 |
100.0 |
1908 |
19.4 |
5809 |
57.6 |
1933 |
19.6 |
319 |
3.3 |
|
Parentless |
3763 |
100.0 |
1176 |
32.9 |
1875 |
48.9 |
583 |
14.6 |
129 |
3.6 |
|
Whether the family lives together |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yes |
71 138 |
100.0 |
12 089 |
16.9 |
48 287 |
68.6 |
9497 |
12.8 |
1265 |
1.7 |
<0.001 |
No |
3928 |
100.0 |
1107 |
30.0 |
2319 |
57.2 |
418 |
10.7 |
84 |
2.1 |
|
|
Total |
75 066 |
100.0 |
13 196 |
17.4 |
50 606 |
68.1 |
9915 |
12.7 |
1349 |
1.8 |
|
Table 2.Health risk behaviors and internet using time by gender
Health risk behaviors |
Boys
|
Girls
|
NIU (%1) |
OIU (%) |
MIU (%) |
HIU (%) |
p-value2
|
NIU (%) |
OIU (%) |
MIU (%) |
HIU (%) |
p-value |
Current smoking rate |
24.2 |
13.9 |
20.9 |
32.1 |
0.260 |
13.0 |
6.0 |
12.4 |
17.1 |
<0.001 |
Current drinking rate |
28.7 |
20.9 |
26.9 |
35.2 |
<0.001 |
21.3 |
16.6 |
24.0 |
28.1 |
<0.001 |
Experience rate of drug abuse |
5.3 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
5.9 |
<0.001 |
3.0 |
0.8 |
1.4 |
3.8 |
<0.001 |
Experience rate of sexual intercourse |
11.3 |
5.2 |
7.7 |
15.9 |
<0.001 |
5.0 |
2.4 |
4.0 |
7.3 |
<0.001 |
Non-practicing rate of vigorous PA (<3 d/wk) |
56.6 |
55.5 |
60.7 |
66.2 |
<0.001 |
77.9 |
82.0 |
83.3 |
83.2 |
<0.001 |
Non-practicing rate of moderate PA (<5 d/wk) |
83.6 |
85.2 |
86.3 |
85.9 |
0.03 |
92.5 |
94.2 |
94.8 |
97.3 |
<0.001 |
Sedentary behavior in weekday (≥3 h/d) |
24.5 |
15.0 |
52.3 |
73.3 |
<0.001 |
24.2 |
19.3 |
60.5 |
84.5 |
<0.001 |
Sedentary behavior in weekend (≥3 h/d) |
36.8 |
36.5 |
80.0 |
82.2 |
<0.001 |
37.3 |
41.9 |
84.0 |
86.8 |
<0.001 |
Table 3.Mental health status and internet using time by gender
Mental health status |
Boys
|
Girls
|
NIU (%1) |
OIU (%) |
MIU (%) |
HIU (%) |
p-value2
|
NIU (%) |
OIU (%) |
MIU (%) |
HIU (%) |
p-value |
Perceived stress rate |
38.8 |
35.3 |
41.2 |
51.9 |
<0.001 |
51.2 |
48.2 |
58.7 |
58.7 |
<0.001 |
Depression rate |
35.8 |
30.2 |
32.1 |
40.0 |
<0.001 |
46.4 |
41.6 |
51.4 |
61.3 |
<0.001 |
Experience rate of suicide ideation |
16.7 |
13.6 |
18.0 |
26.4 |
<0.001 |
25.8 |
21.8 |
30.9 |
43.3 |
<0.001 |
Experience rate of attempted suicide |
4.9 |
2.4 |
4.1 |
10.0 |
<0.001 |
7.3 |
5.2 |
8.6 |
13.9 |
<0.001 |
Table 4.Physical health status and internet using time by gender
Physical health status |
Boys
|
Girls
|
NIU (%1) |
OIU (%) |
MIU (%) |
HIU (%) |
p-value2
|
NIU (%) |
OIU (%) |
MIU (%) |
HIU (%) |
p-value |
Perceived poor health rate |
30.6 |
28.8 |
37.7 |
48.1 |
<0.001 |
62.1 |
61.0 |
55.0 |
50.9 |
<0.001 |
Obesity rate |
11.7 |
11.2 |
14.5 |
28.7 |
<0.001 |
5.1 |
5.2 |
7.4 |
7.6 |
<0.001 |
Atopic dermatitis-accompanying rate |
8.8 |
9.5 |
9.9 |
5.3 |
0.04 |
12.4 |
12.3 |
13.9 |
13.1 |
0.12 |
Rhinitis-accompanying rate |
20.2 |
25.7 |
22.9 |
20.3 |
<0.001 |
21.2 |
23.2 |
23.0 |
22.4 |
0.13 |
Asthma-accompanying rate |
4.4 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
5.4 |
0.02 |
3.0 |
2.5 |
3.0 |
3.2 |
0.12 |
Gastritis-accompanying rate |
3.4 |
2.9 |
3.4 |
5.9 |
<0.001 |
8.4 |
7.5 |
8.5 |
10.2 |
0.08 |
Table 5.The association between internet using time for non-educational purpose and health status by multiple logistic analyses in boys
Health status index |
Unadjusted
|
Adjusted1
|
NIU
|
OIU2
|
MIU
|
HIU
|
NIU
|
OIU
|
MIU
|
HIU
|
OR (95% CI) |
OR |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
Current smoking |
1.99 (1.83, 2.16) |
1.00 |
1.64 (1.49, 1.80) |
2.94 (2.48, 3.50) |
1.64 (1.50, 1.80) |
1.00 |
1.21 (1.08, 1.35) |
1.93 (1.57, 2.37) |
Current drinking |
1.52 (1.40, 1.65) |
1.00 |
1.39 (1.28, 1.51) |
2.05 (1.72, 2.45) |
1.38 (1.27, 1.50) |
1.00 |
1.18 (1.07, 1.30) |
1.61 (1.33, 1.96) |
Experience rate of drug abuse |
4.82 (3.94, 5.89) |
1.00 |
1.06 (0.78, 1.44) |
5.39 (3.72, 7.80) |
4.18 (3.38, 5.17) |
1.00 |
1.02 (0.74, 1.40) |
4.08 (2.71, 6.15) |
Experience rate of sexual intercourse |
2.31 (2.06, 2.60) |
1.00 |
1.51 (1.31, 1.73) |
3.45 (2.67, 4.45) |
1.93 (1.71, 2.17) |
1.00 |
1.29 (1.09, 1.52) |
2.37 (1.78, 3.16) |
Non-practicing rate of vigorous PA (<3 d/wk) |
1.04 (0.98, 1.11) |
1.00 |
1.24 (1.15, 1.33) |
1.57 (1.34, 1.84) |
1.06 (0.99, 1.13) |
1.00 |
1.23 (1.14, 1.32) |
1.55 (1.31, 1.82) |
Non-practicing rate of moderate PA (<5 d/wk) |
0.88 (0.81, 0.97) |
1.00 |
1.09 (0.99, 1.20) |
1.05 (0.83, 1.35) |
0.90 (0.83, 0.99) |
1.00 |
1.10 (0.99, 1.21) |
1.08 (0.85, 1.38) |
Sedentary behavior in weekday (≥3 h/d) |
1.84 (1.70, 1.99) |
1.00 |
6.23 (5.72, 6.79) |
15.62 (12.54, 19.45) |
1.66 (1.53, 1.80) |
1.00 |
5.37 (4.91, 5.87) |
13.29 (10.75, 16.44) |
Sedentary behavior in weekend (≥3 h/d) |
1.01 (0.94, 1.09) |
1.00 |
6.96 (6.39, 7.59) |
8.06 (6.44, 10.09) |
0.97 (0.90, 1.04) |
1.00 |
6.41 (5.88, 6.99) |
7.33 (5.88, 9.13) |
Perceived stress |
1.16 (1.08, 1.24) |
1.00 |
1.28 (1.18, 1.39) |
1.98 (1.68, 2.33) |
1.08 (1.01, 1.16) |
1.00 |
1.12 (1.02, 1.22) |
1.55 (1.30, 1.84) |
Depression |
1.29 (1.20, 1.37) |
1.00 |
1.18 (1.09, 1.28) |
1.54 (1.31, 1.81) |
1.21 (1.13, 1.30) |
1.00 |
1.11 (1.02, 1.21) |
1.33 (1.12, 1.59) |
Experience rate of suicide ideation |
1.27 (1.17, 1.39) |
1.00 |
1.39 (1.26, 1.54) |
2.27 (1.90, 2.71) |
1.17 (1.07, 1.28) |
1.00 |
1.22 (1.09, 1.36) |
1.80 (1.47, 2.19) |
Experience rate of attempted suicide |
2.11 (1.82, 2.44) |
1.00 |
1.72 (1.40, 2.11) |
4.50 (3.41, 5.93) |
1.87 (1.61, 2.18) |
1.00 |
1.51 (1.20, 1.90) |
3.41 (2.43, 4.79) |
Perceived poor health |
1.12 (0.98, 1.29) |
1.00 |
1.61 (1.43, 1.81) |
2.45 (1.95, 3.08) |
1.03 (0.90, 1.18) |
1.00 |
1.23 (1.07, 1.41) |
1.57 (1.22, 2.00) |
Obesity |
1.06 (0.96, 1.17) |
1.00 |
1.35 (1.21, 1.50) |
1.48 (1.18, 1.89) |
1.02 (0.93, 1.10) |
1.00 |
1.08 (0.97, 1.21) |
1.22 (0.98, 1.52) |
Atopic dermatitis-accompanying |
0.91 (0.81, 1.03) |
1.00 |
1.05 (0.92, 1.20) |
1.33 (1.02, 1.72) |
0.93 (0.82, 1.04) |
1.00 |
1.04 (0.90, 1.20) |
1.32 (1.01, 1.71) |
Rhinitis-accompanying |
0.73 (0.68, 0.79) |
1.00 |
0.86 (0.78, 0.94) |
0.74 (0.59, 0.92) |
0.78 (0.72, 0.85) |
1.00 |
0.94 (0.85, 1.04) |
0.82 (0.66, 1.03) |
Asthma-accompanying |
1.22 (1.05, 1.43) |
1.00 |
0.99 (0.83, 1.19) |
1.51 (1.01, 2.26) |
1.20 (1.01, 1.43) |
1.00 |
1.03 (0.83, 1.28) |
1.49 (0.96, 2.30) |
Gastritis-accompanying |
1.18 (0.95, 1.46) |
1.00 |
1.18 (0.95, 1.47) |
2.09 (1.49, 2.93) |
1.13 (0.91, 1.40) |
1.00 |
1.13 (0.87, 1.45) |
1.98 (1.38, 2.83) |
Table 6.The association between internet using time for non-educational purpose and health status by multiple logistic analyses in girls
Health status index |
Unadjusted
|
Adjusted1
|
NIU
|
OIU2
|
MIU
|
HIU
|
NIU
|
OIU
|
MIU
|
HIU
|
OR (95% CI) |
OR |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
OR |
OR (95% CI) |
OR (95% CI) |
Current smoking |
2.43 (2.14, 2.77) |
1.00 |
2.31 (1.99, 2.69) |
3.37 (2.45, 4.64) |
1.95 (1.69, 2.24) |
1.00 |
1.76(1.48, 2.10) |
2.31 (1.59, 3.36) |
Current drinking |
1.36 (1.29, 1.51) |
1.00 |
1.59 (1.41, 1.78) |
1.97 (1.50, 2.59) |
1.21 (1.10, 1.35) |
1.00 |
1.24 (1.09, 1.42) |
1.45 (1.06, 1.98) |
Experience rate of drug abuse |
3.79 (2.86, 5.02) |
1.00 |
1.78 (1.27, 2.50) |
4.87 (2.44, 9.68) |
3.22 (2.39, 4.34) |
1.00 |
1.44 (1.01, 2.09) |
3.05 (1.49, 6.24) |
Experience rate of sexual intercourse |
2.17 (1.78, 2.65) |
1.00 |
1.70 (1.23, 2.36) |
3.24 (1.86, 5.66) |
1.80 (1.46, 2.23) |
1.00 |
1.47 (1.02, 2.10) |
2.59 (1.50, 4.45) |
Non-practicing rate of vigorous PA (<3 d/wk) |
0.77 (0.70, 0.85) |
1.00 |
1.09 (0.98, 1.21) |
1.09 (0.73, 1.61) |
0.84 (0.76, 0.92) |
1.00 |
1.16 (1.05, 1.29) |
1.25 (0.86, 1.83) |
Non-practicing rate of moderate PA (<5 d/wk) |
0.76 (0.66, 0.88) |
1.00 |
1.12 (0.91, 1.36) |
2.22 (1.12, 4.39) |
0.81 (0.70, 0.94) |
1.00 |
1.17 (0.96, 1.43) |
2.48 (1.27, 4.87) |
Sedentary behavior in weekday (≥3 h/d) |
1.34 (1.22, 1.47) |
1.00 |
6.42 (5.91, 6.99) |
22.79 (16.44, 31.59) |
1.19 (1.07, 1.31) |
1.00 |
5.73 (5.24, 6.26) |
19.55 (14.13, 27.03) |
Sedentary behavior in weekend (≥3 h/d) |
0.83 (0.76, 0.90) |
1.00 |
7.28 (6.54, 8.11) |
9.12 (6.28, 13.26) |
0.79 (0.73, 0.86) |
1.00 |
6.83 (6.13, 7.61) |
8.53 (5.87, 12.40) |
Perceived stress |
1.12 (1.04, 1.21) |
1.00 |
1.52 (1.41, 1.64) |
1.99 (1.51, 2.61) |
1.08 (1.01, 1.16) |
1.00 |
1.32 (1.21, 1.43) |
1.58 (1.18, 2.11) |
Depression |
1.22 (1.13, 1.31) |
1.00 |
1.49 (1.35, 1.63) |
2.23 (1.74, 2.85) |
1.15 (1.06, 1.25) |
1.00 |
1.33 (1.20, 1.47) |
1.87 (1.43, 2.46) |
Experience rate of suicide ideation |
1.25 (1.15, 1.37) |
1.00 |
1.60 (1.46, 1.76) |
2.74 (2.02, 3.72) |
1.15 (1.05, 1.25) |
1.00 |
1.36 (1.23, 1.50) |
2.16 (1.55, 3.00) |
Experience rate of attempted suicide |
1.42 (1.22, 1.64) |
1.00 |
1.70 (1.47, 1.95) |
2.91 (2.02, 4.19) |
1.23 (1.05, 1.43) |
1.00 |
1.37 (1.18, 1.60) |
2.04 (1.41, 2.95) |
Perceived poor health |
1.10 (0.98, 1.24) |
1.00 |
1.48 (1.30, 1.68) |
2.72 (1.94, 3.82) |
1.03 (0.91, 1.17) |
1.00 |
1.25 (1.09, 1.43) |
2.16 (1.53, 3.05) |
Obesity |
1.14 (1.02, 1.29) |
1.00 |
1.05 (0.92, 1.20) |
1.19 (0.81, 1.75) |
1.04 (0.92, 1.16) |
1.00 |
1.05 (0.90, 1.21) |
1.07 (0.70, 1.64) |
Atopic dermatitis-accompanying |
1.00 (0.90, 1.12) |
1.00 |
1.15 (1.03, 1.28) |
1.07 (0.75, 1.53) |
1.01 (0.90, 1.12) |
1.00 |
1.15 (1.02, 1.29) |
1.06 (0.73, 1.54) |
Rhinitis-accompanying |
0.89 (0.81, 0.97) |
1.00 |
0.99 (0.88, 1.11) |
0.95 (0.70, 1.30) |
0.92 (0.85, 1.01) |
1.00 |
1.03 (0.92, 1.15) |
1.04 (0.76, 1.42) |
Asthma-accompanying |
1.27 (0.99, 1.52) |
1.00 |
1.23 (0.96, 1.57) |
1.29 (0.65, 2.58) |
1.14 (0.91, 1.42) |
1.00 |
1.18 (0.89, 1.55) |
1.08 (0.52, 2.24) |
Gastritis-accompanying |
1.13 (0.99, 1.29) |
1.00 |
1.15 (0.97, 1.35) |
1.40 (0.92, 2.14) |
1.14 (0.99, 1.31) |
1.00 |
1.12 (0.94, 1.35) |
1.43 (0.93, 2.17) |