Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2012 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
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Variables | Early menarche- al group (n = 32) | Average or late menarcheal group (n = 112) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | 12.8±0.4 | 12.7±0.5 | 0.23 |
Menarche | |||
Yes | 32 (100.0) | 84 (75.0) | 0.002 |
No | 0 (0.0) | 28 (25.0) | |
Age at menarche (y) | |||
10 | 10 (31.3) | <0.001 |
|
11 | 22 (68.7) | ||
12 | 54 (64.3) | ||
13 | 30 (35.7) | ||
Height (cm) | |||
7 y old | 121.2±4.6 | 119.4±4.9 | 0.08 |
8 y old | 128.3±5.3 | 126.0±5.0 | 0.03 |
9 y old | 134.4±5.9 | 131.7±5.6 | 0.02 |
10 y old | 141.8±5.6 | 137.1±6.1 | <0.001 |
11 y old | 149.0±6.2 | 144.1±6.8 | <0.001 |
12 y old | 154.3±5.9 | 150.5±6.6 | 0.004 |
13 y old | 157.9±4.5 | 156.7±5.8 | 0.30 |
Weight (kg) | |||
7 y old | 24.3±3.4 | 22.8±4.2 | 0.06 |
8 y old | 29.4±5.2 | 26.4±5.4 | 0.006 |
9 y old | 32.9±6.5 | 29.3±6.3 | 0.006 |
10 y old | 38.7±8.0 | 33.9±7.5 | 0.002 |
11 y old | 43.5±8.7 | 38.5±8.7 | 0.005 |
12 y old | 49.0±9.2 | 43.9±9.7 | 0.009 |
13 y old | 54.7±8.6 | 50.1±10.2 | 0.02 |
BMI |
|||
7 y old | 16.5±1.7 | 15.9±2.0 | 0.10 |
8 y old | 17.8±2.3 | 16.5±2.5 | 0.01 |
9 y old | 18.1±2.8 | 16.8±2.6 | 0.02 |
10 y old | 19.2±3.0 | 17.9±2.9 | 0.03 |
11 y old | 19.5±2.9 | 18.4±3.0 | 0.06 |
12 y old | 20.4±2.9 | 19.2±3.3 | 0.06 |
13 y old | 21.9±2.8 | 20.3±3.4 | 0.02 |
Body fat (%) | 26.7±4.6 | 23.8±5.8 | 0.01 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 69.0±6.0 | 66.5±8.0 | 0.11 |
Birth weight (kg) | 3.1±0.4 | 3.2±0.4 | 0.29 |
Age at menarche of mother (y) | 14.7±1.8 | 15.0±1.2 | 0.28 |
Breastfeeding | |||
Yes | 24 (75.0) | 90 (80.4) | 0.51 |
No | 8 (25.0) | 22 (19.6) |
Variables | Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR |
95% CI | p for trend | OR | 95% CI | p for trend | OR | 95% CI | p for trend | |
Quartile of BMI |
|||||||||
7 y old | |||||||||
Q1 (<14.72) | 1.00 | 0.12 | |||||||
Q2 (14.72 - 15.65) | 4.52 | 0.93, 21.98 | |||||||
Q3 (15.65 - 16.98) | 2.57 | 0.55, 12.16 | |||||||
Q4 (≥16.98) | 4.42 | 0.99, 19.78 | |||||||
8 y old | |||||||||
Q1 (<14.85) | 1.00 | ||||||||
Q2 (14.85 - 16.34) | 3.61 | 0.63, 20.83 | 0.01 | ||||||
Q3 (16.34 - 18.21) | 10.02 | 1.88, 53.49 | |||||||
Q4 (≥18.21) | 6.69 | 1.24, 36.04 | |||||||
9 y old | |||||||||
Q1 (<15.03) | 1.00 | ||||||||
Q2 (15.03 - 16.65) | 6.52 | 1.17, 36.38 | 0.04 | ||||||
Q3 (16.65 - 18.20) | 6.79 | 1.22, 37.72 | |||||||
Q4 (≥18.20) | 7.19 | 1.33, 38.80 | |||||||
Birth weight |
|||||||||
Q1 (<2.98) | 1.00 | 0.55 | 1.00 | 0.35 | 1.00 | 0.88 | |||
Q2 (2.98 - 3.18) | 0.65 | 0.17, 2.60 | 0.74 | 0.18, 3.09 | 0.83 | 0.20, 3.46 | |||
Q3 (3.18 - 3.38) | 0.44 | 0.13, 1.47 | 0.40 | 0.11, 1.38 | 0.44 | 0.13, 1.48 | |||
Q4 (≥3.38) | 0.79 | 0.25, 2.55 | 0.65 | 0.21, 2.08 | 0.68 | 0.22, 2.16 | |||
Breastfeeding | |||||||||
No | 1.00 | 0.93 | 1.00 | 0.72 | 1.00 | 0.88 | |||
Yes | 0.96 | 0.33, 2.74 | 0.82 | 0.27, 2.43 | 0.92 | 0.32, 2.65 | |||
Age at menarche of mother (y) | |||||||||
≤13 | 1.00 | 0.26 | 1.00 | 0.46 | 1.00 | 0.43 | |||
14 | 0.13 | 0.03, 0.60 | 0.22 | 0.06, 0.91 | 0.19 | 0.05, 0.75 | |||
15 | 0.08 | 0.02, 0.39 | 0.11 | 0.02, 0.54 | 0.10 | 0.02, 0.46 | |||
≥16 | 0.29 | 0.08, 1.06 | 0.42 | 0.11, 1.65 | 0.40 | 0.11, 1.50 | |||
AIC | 151.07 | 145.59 | 148.16 |
Variables | Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR |
95% CI | p for trend | OR | 95% CI | p for trend | OR | 95% CI | p for trend | |
Increase in BMI |
|||||||||
7-8 y old | |||||||||
Q1 (<-0.031) | 1.00 | 0.048 | |||||||
Q2 (-0.031 - 0.64) | 5.56 | 1.02, 30.22 | |||||||
Q3 (0.64 - 1.39) | 4.72 | 0.87, 25.52 | |||||||
Q4 (≥1.39) | 6.44 | 1.24, 33.53 | |||||||
8-9 y old | |||||||||
Q1 (<-0.30) | 1.00 | 0.82 | |||||||
Q2 (-0.30 - 0.25) | 2.12 | 0.60, 7.50 | |||||||
Q3 (0.25 - 0.83) | 2.42 | 0.67, 8.72 | |||||||
Q4 (≥0.83) | 1.17 | 0.30, 4.51 | |||||||
9-10 y old | |||||||||
Q1 (<0.50) | 1.00 | 0.81 | |||||||
Q2 (0.50 - 0.95) | 0.64 | 0.17, 2.36 | |||||||
Q3 (0.95 - 1.56) | 1.97 | 0.61, 6.40 | |||||||
Q4 (≥1.56) | 0.79 | 0.22, 2.82 | |||||||
Birth weight |
|||||||||
Q1 (<2.98) | 1.00 | 0.30 | 1.00 | 0.47 | 1.00 | 0.45 | |||
Q2 (2.98 - 3.18) | 0.57 | 0.14, 2.23 | 0.56 | 0.15, 2.09 | 0.52 | 0.14, 1.92 | |||
Q3 (3.18 - 3.38) | 0.38 | 0.11, 1.32 | 0.40 | 0.12, 1.35 | 0.33 | 0.09, 1.12 | |||
Q4 (≥3.38) | 0.58 | 0.18, 1.82 | 0.70 | 0.23, 2.20 | 0.74 | 0.23, 2.38 | |||
Breastfeeding | |||||||||
No | 1.00 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.83 | |||
Yes | 0.91 | 0.32, 2.59 | 0.98 | 0.35, 2.73 | 0.89 | 0.32, 2.52 | |||
Age at menarche of mother (y) | |||||||||
≤13 | 1.00 | 0.43 | 1.00 | 0.22 | 1.00 | 0.19 | |||
14 | 0.24 | 0.06, 0.94 | 0.23 | 0.06, 0.87 | 0.20 | 0.05, 0.73 | |||
15 | 0.11 | 0.03, 0.48 | 0.09 | 0.02, 0.40 | 0.08 | 0.02, 0.37 | |||
≥16 | 0.47 | 0.13, 1.71 | 0.39 | 0.11, 1.36 | 0.32 | 0.09, 1.13 | |||
AIC | 149.38 | 153.6 | 152.77 |
Continuous data were expressed as mean±SD and categorical data were expressed as number (%). BMI, body mass index. Calculated by independent Calculated by χ2-test. Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; AIC, Akaike’s information criterion. Model 1 examines quartile of BMI when the study populations were at age 7 years, Model 2 examines quartile of BMI when the study populations were at age 8 years, Model 3 examines quartile of BMI when the study populations were at age 9 years. And all models were adjusted for birth weight, breastfeeding, and age at menarche of mother. Age at menarche of mother, breastfeeding, BMI and birth weight were modeled as categorical variables. Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared and categorized by quartile; Q1: <25%, Q2: 25-50%, Q3: 50-75%, Q4: ≥75%. Categorized by quartile; Q1: <25%, Q2: 25-50%, Q3: 50-75%, Q4: ≥75%.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; AIC, Akaike’s information criterion. Model 1 examines the increase in BMI when the study groups grew from 7 to 8 years old, Model 2 examines the increase in BMI when the study groups grew from 8 to 9 years old, Model 3 examines the increase in BMI when the study groups grew from 9-10 years old. All models were adjusted for birth weight, breastfeeding, and age at menarche of the mother. Age at menarche of mother, breastfeeding , and increase in BMI and birth weight were modeled as categorical variables. Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Increase rate of BMI were categorized by quartile; Q1: <25%, Q2: 25-50%, Q3: 50-75%, Q4: ≥75%. Categorized by quartile; Q1: <25%, Q2: 25-50%, Q3: 50-75%, Q4: ≥75%.