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Original Articles
Psychometric Characteristics of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory-Severity Subscale Among Korean Cancer Survivors
So-Young Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2024;57(4):319-326.   Published online May 16, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.096
  • 14,819 View
  • 192 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Objectives
Despite the importance of choosing and using a valid assessment tool for fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) for early detection and interventions, the validity of the FCR inventory has yet to be thoroughly investigated in Korea. This study explored the psychometric properties of the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory-Severity (FCRI-S) subscale and assessed its applicability to cancer survivors in Korea.
Methods
The survey involved 93 Korean individuals who had survived cancer. The reliability of the FCRI-S subscale was assessed using Cronbach’s α and composite reliability (CR). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), along with tests for discriminant and convergent validity, was conducted to evaluate the construct validity of the FCRI-S subscale.
Results
The FCRI-S subscale showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.88; CR=0.89). CFA showed a good factor structure for the FCRI-S subscale, and the correlations of the FCRI-S subscale with FCR-related measures (r=0.69 to 0.80) and other psychosocial measures (r=-0.23 to 0.37) confirmed both the convergent and discriminant validity of the FCRI-S subscale.
Conclusions
This study confirmed the robust psychometric characteristics of the FCRI-S subscale among cancer survivors in Korea. The use of the FCRI-S subscale would be helpful for health professionals to rapidly screen FCR levels in clinical settings.
Summary
Korean summary
암 재발 두려움은 암 생존자들이 흔히 호소하는 심리사회적 어려움 중의 하나이다. 한국 성인 암 생존자들을 대상으로 암 재발 두려움-심각성 하위척도의 심리계량적 속성을 평가한 결과, 해당 하위척도가 좋은 타당도와 신뢰도를 보인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 임상 현장에서 암 재발 두려움에 대한 조기 발견과 적극적인 개입의 중요성을 강조한다.
Key Message
Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) has emerged as a significant and common concern among cancer survivors. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of FCRI-S subscale among Korean adult cancer survivors and confirmed its good validity and reliability. Findings of this research emphasize the importance of early detection and active interventions for FCR in clinical settings.
Cancer News Coverage in Korean Newspapers: An Analytic Study in Terms of Cancer Awareness
Hye Sook Min, E Hwa Yun, Jinsil Park, Young Ae Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(2):126-134.   Published online February 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.256
  • 3,999 View
  • 117 Download
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Objectives
Cancer diagnoses have a tremendous impact on individuals and communities, drawing intense public concern. The objective of the current research was to examine news coverage and content related to cancer-related issues in Korean newspapers.
Methods
Primarily using the database system of the Korea Press Foundation, we conducted a content analysis of 2806 articles from 9 Korean daily newspapers during a recent 3-year period from 2015 to 2017. Thematic categories, the types of articles, attitudes and tone, and the number of sources in each article were coded and classified.
Results
Many news articles dealt with a diverse range of themes related to cancer, including general healthcare information, the latest research and development, specific medical institutions and personnel, and technology and products, which jointly accounted for 74.8% of all articles. Those thematic categories differed markedly in terms of article type, tone, and the number of cited sources. News articles provided extensive information about healthcare resources, and many articles seemed to contain advertising content. However, the content related to complex social issues such as National Health Insurance did not include enough information for the reader to contextualize the issues properly or present the issues systematically.
Conclusions
It can be assumed that the media exert differential influence on individuals through news coverage. Within the present reporting framework, the availability and usefulness of information are likely to depend solely on individuals’ capabilities, such as financial and health literacy; this dependency has a negative impact on knowledge gaps and health inequities.
Summary
Korean summary
암과 관련된 최근 3년간(2015년~2017년) 9개 전국 종합일간지의 보도를 한국언론재단 자료를 기반으로 조사 분석한 결과, 2,806개의 뉴스기사에서 일반적 암 정보, 최신 연구개발 소식, 병원 및 의료진 정보, 의료기기 및 신기술 정보 등 다양한 주제를 다루었다. 주제와 함께 기사 형태, 어조, 정보원을 분석한 결과, 암 관련 뉴스기사는 병원 및 의료진, 의료기기 및 신기술 정보를 중심으로 광고성 내용을 함께 포함하는 경우가 많았고, 건강보험 등 복합 분석이 필요한 주제에서는 심층적이고 포괄적인 분석이 드물고 내용을 단순화하는 경향이 있었다. 이러한 뉴스기사의 보도 틀은 암과 관련된 건강 및 질병 문제의 해결을 개인화하고 결과적으로 정보 격차 및 건강 불평등에 부정적 영향을 미칠 수 있다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Global research trends on precision oncology: A systematic review, bibliometrics, and visualized study
    Baoyue Zhang, Bo Ao, Xinyue Lu, Shuang Yang, Pengfei Bao, Hongyun Wang, Ruifeng Li, Youliang Huang
    Medicine.2022; 101(43): e31380.     CrossRef
  • Calls to Action (Mobilizing Information) on Cancer in Online News: Content Analysis
    Thomas Hongjie Zhang, Jen Sern Tham
    Journal of Medical Internet Research.2021; 23(6): e26019.     CrossRef
  • Newspaper representations of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and cancer in a Malaysian newspaper
    Su-Hie Ting, Nursilah Kapiten
    Communication and Medicine.2021; 17(1): 32.     CrossRef
Review
The Protective Effect of Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation on Childhood Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Case-control Studies
Wan Rosmawati Wan Ismail, Raudah Abdul Rahman, Nur Ashiqin Abd Rahman, Azman Atil, Azmawati Mohammed Nawi
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(4):205-213.   Published online July 2, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.020
  • 9,354 View
  • 337 Download
  • 23 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Maternal folic acid supplementation is considered mandatory in almost every country in the world to prevent congenital malformations. However, little is known about the association of maternal folic acid intake with the occurrence of childhood cancer. Hence, this study aimed to determine the effects of maternal folic acid consumption on the risk of childhood cancer.
Methods
A total of 158 related articles were obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ProQuest using standardized keywords, of which 17 were included in the final review.
Results
Eleven of the 17 articles showed a significant protective association between maternal folic acid supplementation and childhood cancer. Using a random-effects model, pooled odds ratios (ORs) showed a protective association between maternal folic acid supplementation and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (OR, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66 to 0.86). However, there was no significant association between maternal folic acid supplementation and acute myeloid leukaemia (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.46 to 1.06) or childhood brain tumours (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.19).
Conclusions
Maternal folic acid supplementation was found to have a protective effect against childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Thus, healthcare professionals are recommended to provide regular health education and health promotion to the community on the benefits of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy.
Summary

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  • Activation of progesterone receptor is essential for folic acid-regulated cancer cell proliferation and migration
    Hui-Chen Wang, Yen-Nien Huo, Wen-Sen Lee
    The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2023; 112: 109205.     CrossRef
  • Maternal anemia and the risk of childhood cancer: A population‐based cohort study in Taiwan
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Original Article
Factors Affecting Breast Self-examination Behavior Among Female Healthcare Workers in Iran: The Role of Social Support Theory
saeed bashirian, Majid Barati, Leila Moaddab Shoar, Younes Mohammadi, Mitra Dogonchi
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(4):224-233.   Published online June 26, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.277
  • 8,852 View
  • 346 Download
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
In women, breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. Screening tests are the basis for early diagnosis. In Iranian women, the mortality rate of breast cancer is high due to insufficient screening examinations and delayed visits for care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors affecting breast self-examinations among Iranian women employed in medical careers.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 501 women working in the medical professions at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in western Iran in 2018. The subjects were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed, self-report questionnaire that contained demographic information and questions based on protection motivation theory and social support theory. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23 and model fitting with PLS version 2.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 37.1±8.3 years, and most of the women (80.4%) were married. Most women had a bachelor’s degree (67.5%). The findings of this study showed that the coping appraisal construct was a predictor of protection motivation (β=0.380, p<0.05), and protection motivation (β=0.604, p<0.05) was a predictor of breast self-examination behavior. Additionally, social support theory (β=0.202, p<0.05) had a significant positive effect on breast self-examination behavior.
Conclusions
The frequency of practicing self-examinations among women employees in the medical sector was low; considering the influence of social support as a factor promoting screening, it is necessary to pay attention to influential people in women’s lives when designing educational interventions.
Summary

Citations

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Brief Reports
Estimating the Survival of Patients With Lung Cancer: What Is the Best Statistical Model?
Siavosh Abedi, Ghasem Janbabaei, Mahdi Afshari, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Masoumeh Rashidi Alashti, Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, Ehsan Abedini
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(2):140-144.   Published online February 18, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.090
  • 5,530 View
  • 138 Download
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Investigating the survival of patients with cancer is vitally necessary for controlling the disease and for assessing treatment methods. This study aimed to compare various statistical models of survival and to determine the survival rate and its related factors among patients suffering from lung cancer.
Methods
In this retrospective cohort, the cumulative survival rate, median survival time, and factors associated with the survival of lung cancer patients were estimated using Cox, Weibull, exponential, and Gompertz regression models. Kaplan-Meier tables and the log-rank test were also used to analyze the survival of patients in different subgroups.
Results
Of 102 patients with lung cancer, 74.5% were male. During the follow-up period, 80.4% died. The incidence rate of death among patients was estimated as 3.9 (95% confidence [CI], 3.1 to 4.8) per 100 person-months. The 5-year survival rate for all patients, males, females, patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) was 17%, 13%, 29%, 21%, and 0%, respectively. The median survival time for all patients, males, females, those with NSCLC, and those with SCLC was 12.7 months, 12.0 months, 16.0 months, 16.0 months, and 6.0 months, respectively. Multivariate analyses indicated that the hazard ratios (95% CIs) for male sex, age, and SCLC were 0.56 (0.33 to 0.93), 1.03 (1.01 to 1.05), and 2.91 (1.71 to 4.95), respectively.
Conclusions
Our results showed that the exponential model was the most precise. This model identified age, sex, and type of cancer as factors that predicted survival in patients with lung cancer.
Summary

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    Marek Tradecki, Jolanta Ziółkowska, Roma Roemer-Ślimak, Grzegorz Mazur, Aleksandra Butrym
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    Alicja Rączkowska, Iwona Paśnik, Michał Kukiełka, Marcin Nicoś, Magdalena A. Budzinska, Tomasz Kucharczyk, Justyna Szumiło, Paweł Krawczyk, Nicola Crosetto, Ewa Szczurek
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A Cross-sectional Study of Cancer Knowledge and Beliefs Among Faith-based Chinese in the USA Versus Taiwan
Su-I Hou, Xian Cao
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(1):60-65.   Published online January 20, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.051
  • 4,686 View
  • 116 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study examined cancer knowledge, beliefs, and practice among faith-based Chinese in the USA versus Taiwan to gain better understandings on how environment and culture might play a role for tailored cancer education programs.
Methods
A self-administered survey included a validated 10-item Cancer Screening Belief Scale (CSBS), an 8-item Cancer Screening Knowledge Test (CSKT), and a 14-item cancer Warning Signs Test (CWST) was administered. Participants were recruited from 9 Chinese churches (5 in the USA and 4 in Taiwan).
Results
A total of 372 Chinese participated, 50% lived in the USA and 50% in Taiwan. Mean age was 44.31 (standard deviation, 14.74), 60% males, and majority had college education (85%). Taiwan participants scored higher on both CSKT (6.13 vs. 5.52; p<0.001) and CWST (6.80 vs. 5.38; p<0.001). Although perceived screening benefits and barriers were similar, Taiwan participants endorsed higher on screening norms (11.67 vs. 10.82; p<0.001). Taiwan participants also indicated more doctor recommending cancer screenings (42.1% vs. 29.6%; p=0.015), USA participants were more likely to have had annual health exams (65.4% vs. 48.9%; p=0.002). Regression results showed that those resided in the USA were 2.38 times more likely to report annual health exams. Married status (odds ratio [OR], 2.85), college education (OR, 2.38), doctor’s recommendation (OR, 2.87), no family cancer history (OR, 2.47), and those with lower barriers were significant factors on annual health exams.
Conclusions
Taiwan participants scored higher on cancer knowledge and screening norms, while more USA participants reported annual health exams. Taiwan’s universal healthcare might play a role on the different healthcare seeking patterns.
Summary
Original Article
Cancer Patients’ Utilization of Tertiary Hospitals in Seoul Before and After the Benefit Expansion Policy
Sanghyun Cho, Youngs Chang, Yoon Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(1):41-50.   Published online January 4, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.166
  • 6,477 View
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  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate cancer patients’ utilization of tertiary hospitals in Seoul before and after the benefit expansion policy implemented in 2013.
Methods
This was a before-and-after study using claims data of the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2011 to 2016. The unit of analysis was inpatient episodes, and inpatient episodes involving a malignant neoplasm (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes: C00-C97) were included in this study. The total sample (n=5 565 076) was divided into incident cases and prevalent cases according to medical use due to cancer in prior years. The tertiary hospitals in Seoul were divided into two groups (the five largest hospitals and the other tertiary hospitals in Seoul).
Results
The proportions of the incident and prevalent episodes occurring in tertiary hospitals in Seoul were 34.9% and 37.2%, respectively, of which more than 70% occurred in the five largest hospitals in Seoul. Utilization of tertiary hospitals in Seoul was higher for inpatient episodes involving cancer surgery, patients with a higher income, patients living in areas close to Seoul, and patients living in areas without a metropolitan city. The utilization of the five largest hospitals increased by 2 percentage points after the policy went into effect.
Conclusions
The utilization of tertiary hospitals in Seoul was concentrated among the five largest hospitals. Future research is necessary to identify the consequences of this utilization pattern.
Summary
Korean summary
2014년부터 2016년까지 암 발생자 입원의 34.9%가 서울 소재 상급종합병원에서 이루어졌으며, 그중 73.9%가 5대 상급종합병원에서 이루어졌다. 4대 중증질환 보장성 강화 정책 후에 암환자의 서울 소재 상급종합병원 이용은 6.1%(2% 포인트) 증가하였으며, 5대 상급종합병원 이용률은 증가(정책 전: 23.6%, 정책 후: 25.8%), 그 외 서울 소재 상급종합병원 이용률은 감소하였다(정책 전: 9.3%, 정책 후: 9.1%).

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Brief Report
Pilot Study of a Brief WeChat Intervention in China to Increase Students’ Willingness to Assist a Flushing Student to Reduce Alcohol Use
Fan Zhang, Lok-Wa Yuen, Lanyan Ding, Ian M. Newman, Duane F. Shell
J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(6):320-325.   Published online November 7, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.127
  • 5,787 View
  • 108 Download
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This pilot study tested the effectiveness of a brief alcohol-related intervention delivered by the social media app WeChat to teach about ethanol-induced facial flushing and increase the willingness of students who see another student flushing to suggest that he or she should reduce or stop drinking. In the context of Chinese drinking culture, it is sometimes socially difficult to refuse a drink, even when experiencing physical discomfort, such as flushing.
Methods
Classrooms of students in a medical university in China were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Students in the intervention group were invited to view 3 alcohol education lessons on WeChat during a 2-week period. A pretest and posttest before and after the 2-week period assessed changes in students’ willingness to intervene if they saw someone flush while drinking. Data were collected about students’ alcohol use and their ratings of the lessons.
Results
Mixed-design analysis of variance yielded a significant time-by-treatment interaction effect on the variable of willingness to suggest that a flushing person stop or slow down their drinking, and the change was significant between the intervention and control groups. One-way analysis of covariance yielded a significant treatment effect at the posttest, after controlling for the pretest score. Students rated the lessons above the midpoint of the scale for being informative, interesting, and useful.
Conclusions
The pilot study showed that a brief alcohol-related intervention delivered by WeChat could produce a measurable positive change in the willingness of university students to suggest that a student who flushes should stop drinking. This pilot study also suggested improvements for future lessons and evaluation design.
Summary

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Original Articles
Spatial Inequalities in the Incidence of Colorectal Cancer and Associated Factors in the Neighborhoods of Tehran, Iran: Bayesian Spatial Models
Kamyar Mansori, Masoud Solaymani-Dodaran, Alireza Mosavi-Jarrahi, Ali Ganbary Motlagh, Masoud Salehi, Alireza Delavari, Mohsen Asadi-Lari
J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(1):33-40.   Published online January 2, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.167
  • 7,057 View
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  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with the spatial distribution of the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the neighborhoods of Tehran, Iran using Bayesian spatial models.
Methods
This ecological study was implemented in Tehran on the neighborhood level. Socioeconomic variables, risk factors, and health costs were extracted from the Equity Assessment Study conducted in Tehran. The data on CRC incidence were extracted from the Iranian population-based cancer registry. The Besag-York-Mollié (BYM) model was used to identify factors associated with the spatial distribution of CRC incidence. The software programs OpenBUGS version 3.2.3, ArcGIS 10.3, and GeoDa were used for the analysis.
Results
The Moran index was statistically significant for all the variables studied (p<0.05). The BYM model showed that having a women head of household (median standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06 to 2.53), living in a rental house (median SIR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.96), not consuming milk daily (median SIR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.94) and having greater household health expenditures (median SIR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.68) were associated with a statistically significant elevation in the SIR of CRC. The median (interquartile range) and mean (standard deviation) values of the SIR of CRC, with the inclusion of all the variables studied in the model, were 0.57 (1.01) and 1.05 (1.31), respectively.
Conclusions
Inequality was found in the spatial distribution of CRC incidence in Tehran on the neighborhood level. Paying attention to this inequality and the factors associated with it may be useful for resource allocation and developing preventive strategies in atrisk areas.
Summary

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Risk Reduction of Breast Cancer by Childbirth, Breastfeeding, and Their Interaction in Korean Women: Heterogeneous Effects Across Menopausal Status, Hormone Receptor Status, and Pathological Subtypes
Seok Hun Jeong, Yoon Suk An, Ji-Yeob Choi, Boyoung Park, Daehee Kang, Min Hyuk Lee, Wonshik Han, Dong Young Noh, Keun-Young Yoo, Sue K. Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(6):401-410.   Published online November 10, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.152
  • 9,225 View
  • 264 Download
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of childbirth, breastfeeding, and their interaction with breast cancer (BC) risk reduction, and to evaluate the heterogeneity in the BC risk reduction effects of these factors by menopause, hormone receptor (HR) status, and pathological subtype.
Methods
BC patients aged 40+ from the Korean Breast Cancer Registry in 2004-2012 and controls from the Health Examinee cohort participants were included in this study after 1:1 matching (12 889 pairs) by age and enrollment year. BC risk according to childbirth, breast-feeding, and their interaction was calculated in logistic regression models using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
BC risk decreased with childbirth (3+ childbirths relative to 1 childbirth: OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.78 and OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.95 in postmenopausal and premenopausal women, respectively); and the degree of risk reduction by the number of children was heterogeneous according to menopausal status (p-heterogeneity=0.04), HR status (p-heterogeneity<0.001), and pathological subtype (p-heterogeneity<0.001); whereas breastfeeding for 1-12 months showed a heterogeneous association with BC risk according to menopausal status, with risk reduction only in premenopausal women (p-heterogeneity<0.05). The combination of 2 more childbirths and breastfeeding for ≥13 months had a much stronger BC risk reduction of 49% (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.58).
Conclusions
This study suggests that the combination of longer breastfeeding and more childbirths reduces BC risk more strongly, and that women who experience both 2 or more childbirths and breastfeed for ≥13 months can reduce their BC risk by about 50%.
Summary

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Special Article
Primary Care Physicians’ Action Plans for Responding to Results of Screening Tests Based on the Concept of Quaternary Prevention
Jong-Myon Bae, Marc Jamoulle
J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(6):343-348.   Published online October 13, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.16.059
  • 10,406 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Since noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are generally controllable rather than curable, more emphasis is placed on prevention than on treatment. For the early detection of diseases, primary care physicians (PCPs), as well as general practitioners and family physicians, should interpret screening results accurately and provide screenees with appropriate information about prevention and treatment, including potential harms. The concept of quaternary prevention (QP), which was introduced by Jamoulle and Roland in 1995, has been applied to screening results. This article summarizes situations that PCPs encounter during screening tests according to the concept of QP, and suggests measures to face such situations. It is suggested that screening tests be customized to fit individual characteristics instead of being performed based on general guidelines. Since screening tests should not be carried out in some circumstances, further studies based on the concept of prevention levels proposed by Jamoulle and Roland are required for the development of strategies to prevent NCDs, including cancers. Thus, applying the concept of QP helps PCPs gain better insights into screening tests aimed at preventing NCDs and also helps improve the doctor-patient relationship by helping screenees understand medical uncertainties.
Summary

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    Cheong Hoon Kim, Kyung-Ah Kang, Sunhwa Shin
    Journal of American College Health.2023; 71(3): 775.     CrossRef
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    Carlos Martins, Maciek Godycki-Cwirko, Bruno Heleno, John Brodersen
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Original Articles
Rates of Change to a Positive Result in Subsequent Screening Mammography in Korean Women: A Retrospective Observational Study
Jong-Myon Bae, Sang Yop Shin, Eun Hee Kim, Yoon-Nam Kim, Chung Mo Nam
J Prev Med Public Health. 2015;48(1):48-52.   Published online December 26, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.14.042
  • 9,920 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This retrospective cohort study aimed at calculating some parameters of changes in the findings of the subsequent screening mammography (SSM) in female Korean volunteers.
Methods
The study included screenees aged 30 to 79 years who underwent SSM voluntarily after testing negative in the baseline screenings performed between January 2007 and December 2011. A change to a positive result was defined as category 4 or 5 by using the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. The proportion of results that had changed to positive (CP, %) was calculated by dividing the number of cases with results that were positive in the SSM by the total number of study participants. The rate of results that had changed to positive (CR, cases per 100 000 screenee-months) was calculated by dividing the number of cases with results that were positive in the SSM by the total number of months of the follow-up period.
Results
The overall CP and CR in all age groups (n=77 908) were 2.26% and 93.94 cases per 100 000 screenee-months, respectively. The median CP interval in the subjects who had positive SSM results was 30 to 36 months, while that in the age group of 30 to 39 years was shorter.
Conclusions
Different screening intervals should be considered among women aged between 30 and 59 years. In addition, a strategy for a screening program should be developed for the age group of 30 to 39 years, in particular.
Summary
Mean Sojourn Time of Preclinical Gastric Cancer in Korean Men: A Retrospective Observational Study
Jong-Myon Bae, Sang Yop Shin, Eun Hee Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2014;47(4):201-205.   Published online July 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.4.201
  • 13,222 View
  • 100 Download
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This retrospective cohort study aimed to estimate the mean sojourn time (MST) of preclinical gastric cancer in Korean men.
Methods
The subjects consisted of voluntary male screenees aged 40 to 69 years who underwent subsequent screening gastroscopies after testing negative at a baseline screening performed between January 2007 and December 2011. A new case was defined if gastric cancer cells were present in the biopsy specimens obtained from gastroscopy. The follow-up period was calculated as the number of person-years between the date of baseline screening gastroscopy and positive findings at a subsequent screening. The MST was calculated using transition rates of gastric cancer to determine the best screening interval.
Results
Of the 171 979 voluntary male screenees, 61 688 (36%) underwent subsequent screening gastroscopies between January 2007 and December 2011. A total of 91 incident cases were found during 19 598 598 person-years of follow-up. The MST of gastric cancer was 2.37 years (95% confidence intervals, 1.92 to 2.96), and those aged 40 to 49 years had a shorter MST than those 50 to 69 years did.
Conclusions
These findings support the 2-year interval of screening recommended by the nationwide gastric cancer screening program in Korea. Further studies for the age-specific MST among women are needed.
Summary

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    Nikhil R. Thiruvengadam, Shashank Gupta, Seth Buller, Imad Awad, Devika Gandhi, Allison Ibarra, Gonzalo Latorre, Arnoldo Riquelme, Michael L. Kochman, Gregory Cote, Shailja C. Shah, Monica Saumoy
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    Jong-Myon Bae, Sang Yop Shin, Eun Hee Kim
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    Jong-Myon Bae
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    Il Ju Choi
    Clinical Endoscopy.2014; 47(6): 497.     CrossRef
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Review
Cancer Control Programs in East Asia: Evidence From the International Literature
Malcolm A. Moore
J Prev Med Public Health. 2014;47(4):183-200.   Published online July 31, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.4.183
  • 15,608 View
  • 180 Download
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world, including the countries of North-East and South-East Asia. Assessment of burden through cancer registration, determination of risk and protective factors, early detection and screening, clinical practice, interventions for example in vaccination, tobacco cessation efforts and palliative care all should be included in comprehensive cancer control programs. The degree to which this is possible naturally depends on the resources available at local, national and international levels. The present review concerns elements of cancer control programs established in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan in North-East Asia, Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia as representative larger countries of South-East Asia for comparison, using the published literature as a guide. While major advances have been made, there are still areas which need more attention, especially in South-East Asia, and international cooperation is essential if standard guidelines are to be generated to allow effective cancer control efforts throughout the Far East.
Summary

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Original Article
Alcohol Consumption and Mortality in the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort Study
En-Joo Jung, Aesun Shin, Sue K. Park, Seung-Hyun Ma, In-Seong Cho, Boyoung Park, Eun-Ha Lee, Soung-Hoon Chang, Hai-Rim Shin, Daehee Kang, Keun-Young Yoo
J Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(5):301-308.   Published online September 28, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.5.301
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

To examine the association between alcohol consumption habit, types of beverages, alcohol consumption quantity, and overall and cancer-specific mortality among Korean adults.

Methods

The alcohol consumption information of a total of 16 320 participants who were 20 years or older from the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort were analyzed to examine the association between alcohol consumption habit and mortality (median follow-up of 9.3 years). The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of alcohol consumption to mortality adjusting for age, sex, geographic areas, education, smoking status, and body mass index.

Results

Alcohol drinkers showed an increased risk for total mortality compared with never drinkers (HR, 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38 to 2.14 for past drinkers; HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.39 for current drinkers), while past drinkers only were associated with higher risk for cancer deaths (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.53). The quantity of alcohol consumed per week showed a J-shaped association with risk of mortality. Relative to light drinkers (0.01 to 90 g/wk), never drinkers and heavy drinkers (>504 g/wk) had an increased risk for all-cause and cancer deaths: (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.45) and (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.83) for all-cause mortality; and (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.11) and (HR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.39 to 3.09) for all cancer mortality, respectively. Heavy drinkers (>504 g/wk) showed an elevated risk for death from stomach and liver cancers.

Conclusions

The present study supports the existence of a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption quantity and the risk of all-cause and cancer deaths. Heavy drinkers had an increased risk of death from cancer overall and liver and stomach cancer.

Summary

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JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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