1Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
2Hearing Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Copyright © 2022 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Variables | Case (n=80) | Control (n=172) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | 34.1±15.3 | 32.5±12.0 | 0.080 |
| |||
Sex | <0.001 | ||
Male | 62 (77.5) | 89 (51.7) | |
Female | 18 (22.5) | 83 (48.3) | |
| |||
Education level | <0.001 | ||
Illiterate | 16 (20.0) | 2 (1.2) | |
Can read and write | 13 (16.3) | 3 (1.7) | |
Up to elementary school | 22 (27.5) | 31 (18.0) | |
Secondary school | 15 (18.8) | 47 (27.3) | |
College or more | 13 (17.6) | 89 (51.7) | |
| |||
Monthly income (US$) | 0.040 | ||
<100 | 24 (30.0) | 21 (12.2) | |
100–200 | 26 (32.5) | 59 (34.4) | |
200–300 | 18 (22.5) | 32 (18.6) | |
>300 | 12 (15.0) | 60 (34.9) | |
| |||
Employment status | <0.001 | ||
Unemployed | 38 (47.5) | 74 (43.0) | |
Employed | 42 (52.5) | 98 (57.0) | |
| |||
Contact type | 0.010 | ||
Family | 880 (57.0) | 990 (49.5) | |
Friend | 380 (24.6) | 410 (20.5) | |
Co-worker | 215 (13.9) | 480 (24.0) | |
Neighbor | 70 (4.5) | 120 (6.0) | |
| |||
Total non-household contacts | 495 (50.2) | 1332 (66.0) | <0.001 |
| |||
Total contacts with tuberculosis | 55 (32.0) | 9 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| |||
Place of contact | <0.001 | ||
Home | 480 (31.7) | 500 (22.0) | |
Contact’s home | 160 (10.5) | 185 (8.2) | |
School | 13 (0.9) | 54 (2.3) | |
Workplace | 201 (13.3) | 529 (23.3) | |
Market/store | 282 (18.6) | 320 (14.1) | |
Health center | 201 (13.3) | 344 (15.1) | |
Park | 26 (1.7) | 33 (1.5) | |
Mosque | 55 (3.6) | 96 (4.2) | |
Hairdresser | 62 (4.1) | 140 (6.1) | |
Restaurant | 30 (1.9) | 67 (2.9) |
Variable | No. of contacts | Contact duration (hr/wk) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
Case | Control | p-value |
Case | Control | p-value | |
Contact type | ||||||
All contact | 23.41±14.52 | 23.92±13.45 | <0.001 | 13.71±10.22 | 11.67±12.43 | 0.03 |
Family member | 15.84±12.62 | 14.3±11.57 | 0.08 | 7.73±4.31 | 5.78±4.22 | <0.001 |
Friend | 2.21±3.43 | 2.65±3.32 | 0.39 | 2.73±1.87 | 2.12±2.86 | 0.23 |
Co-worker | 4.00±5.00 | 4.00±5.11 | <0.001 | 2.76±3.54 | 2.84±3.61 | 0.92 |
Neighbor | 0.88±1.65 | 1.24±2.26 | 0.06 | 0.62±1.31 | 1.02±1.95 | 0.11 |
| ||||||
Household and TB status | ||||||
Household contacts | 15.23±6.58 | 13.92±6.41 | 0.07 | 5.82±4.36 | 4.58±3.97 | 0.02 |
Non-household contacts | 7.21±5.35 | 7.68±5.44 | 0.02 | 11.92±12.78 | 9.53±11.82 | 0.75 |
Contacts with TB | 1.15±3.23 | 0.15±0.48 | <0.001 | 5.32±4.16 | 1.58±2.22 | <0.001 |
| ||||||
Place of contact | ||||||
Home | 15.23±6.51 | 13.92±6.43 | 0.07 | 5.83±4.38 | 2.00±1.40 | 0.02 |
Contact’s home | 7.27±6.12 | 6.83±5.96 | 0.64 | 1.86±1.69 | 1.42±1.81 | 0.29 |
School | 0.16±0.73 | 0.31±0.93 | 0.15 | 2.10±1.65 | 2.27±2.41 | 0.82 |
Workplace | 4.42±6.35 | 4.61±6.23 | <0.001 | 1.42±1.86 | 1.32±2.26 | <0.001 |
Market/store | 5.00±3.56 | 3.00±3.32 | 0.01 | 3.31±2.31 | 0.33±1.00 | <0.001 |
Health center | 2.48±3.46 | 1.92±2.73 | 0.02 | 2.03±2.53 | 0.24±0.65 | 0.04 |
Park | 0.07±0.38 | 0.07±0.48 | 0.99 | 0.23±0.82 | 0.59±0.72 | 0.09 |
Mosque | 0.68±1.54 | 0.55±1.42 | 0.52 | 0.36±0.74 | 0.25±0.56 | 0.85 |
Hairdresser | 0.77±0.98 | 0.81±0.98 | 0.77 | 0.50±0.80 | 0.59±0.72 | 0.45 |
Restaurant | 0.37±0.78 | 0.38±1.00 | 0.91 | 0.24±0.56 | 0.25±0.56 | 0.63 |
Variables | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
---|---|---|
Contact type | ||
All contact | 0.80 (0.61, 1.06) | 0.280 |
Family member | 1.72 (1.10, 2.40) | 0.010 |
Friend | 0.18 (0.01, 2.64) | 0.180 |
Co-worker | 0.97 (0.56, 1.67) | 0.370 |
Neighbor | 1.21 (0.25, 5.83) | 0.810 |
| ||
Household and TB status | ||
Household contact | 1.25 (1.02, 1.53) | 0.030 |
Non-household contact | 0.18 (0.01, 2.64) | 0.460 |
Contacts with TB | 1.53 (1.16, 2.01) | <0.001 |
| ||
Place of contact | ||
Home | 1.42 (1.19, 1.82) | 0.030 |
Contact’s home | 1.53 (0.40, 5.85) | 0.530 |
School | 1.66 (0.60, 4.57) | 0.760 |
Workplace | 2.25 (0.79, 6.24) | 0.120 |
Market/store | 0.72 (0.46, 1.26) | 0.120 |
Health center | 0.41 (0.17, 1.62) | 0.400 |
Park | 0.71 (0.44, 1.18) | 0.400 |
Mosque | 0.79 (0.26, 2.43) | 0.690 |
Hairdresser | 2.14 (0.81, 5.66) | 0.120 |
Restaurant | 0.77 (0.08, 6.98) | 0.690 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. TB, tuberculosis.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; TB, tuberculosis.