1Preventive Medicine Program, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
2Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Copyright © 2015 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
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Variable | Definition |
---|---|
Dependent | |
Private health insurance | 1 = private insurance, 0 = other |
Independent (child) | |
Sex | 1 = male, 0 = female |
Health insurance | 1 = National Health Insurance, 0 = Medical Aid |
Medication taken for 3 months or longer | 1 = yes, 0 = no |
Disability | 1 = disabled, 0 = other |
Independent (parent) | |
Marital (cohabitation status) | 1 = unmarried, divorced, or separated, 0 = married |
Educational level | Elementary school or lower |
Middle-high school | |
College or higher | |
Disability | 1 = disabled, 0 = other |
Employment status | 1 = employed, 0 = other |
Chronic disease | 1 = diseased, 0 = other |
Household income quintile | 1 = 1st (lowest), 0 = other |
1 = 2nd, 0 = other | |
1 = 3rd, 0 = other | |
1 = 4th, 0 = other | |
1 = 5th (highest), 0 = other |
Variable | PHI | Non-PHI | Total | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Independent (child) | <0.001 | |||
Age (y) | ||||
1-5 | 667 (25.17) | 107 (24.59) | 774 (25.09) | |
6-10 | 920 (34.71) | 109 (25.05) | 1026 (33.35) | |
10-15 | 1063 (40.11) | 219 (50.34) | 1282 (41.55) | |
Sex | 0.03 | |||
Male | 1395 (52.64) | 229 (47.36) | 1601 (51.90) | |
Female | 1255 (47.36) | 206 (52.64) | 1484 (48.10) | <0.001 |
Health insurance | ||||
NHI | 2531 (95.51) | 376 (86.44) | 2907 (94.23) | |
Medical Aid | 119 (4.49) | 59 (13.56) | 178 (5.77) | |
Chronic medication | 126 (4.75) | 13 (2.99) | 139 (4.51) | 0.07 |
Disability | 19 (0.72) | 5 (1.15) | 24 (0.78) | 0.30 |
Independent (parent) | ||||
Cohabitation status | 2541 (95.89) | 376 (86.44) | 2917 (94.55) | <0.001 |
Educational level | <0.001 | |||
Elementary or lower | 64 (2.42) | 48 (11.03) | 112 (3.63) | |
Middle-high school | 1150 (43.3) | 196 (45.06) | 1346 (43.63) | |
College or higher | 1436 (54.19) | 191 (43.91) | 1627 (52.74) | |
Disability | 77 (2.91) | 34 (7.82) | 111 (3.60) | <0.001 |
Employment status | 2533 (95.58) | 368 (84.60) | 2901 (94.04) | <0.001 |
Chronic disease | 1140 (43.02) | 230 (53.10) | 1371 (44.44) | <0.001 |
Household income | <0.001 | |||
1st (lowest) | 146 (5.51) | 83 (19.08) | 229 (7.42) | |
2nd | 488 (18.82) | 104 (23.91) | 592 (19.19) | |
3rd | 676 (25.1) | 94 (21.61) | 770 (24.96) | |
4th | 757 (28.57) | 87 (20.0) | 844 (27.36) | |
5th (highest) | 583 (22.0) | 67 (15.40) | 650 (21.07) | |
Total | 2650 (85.9) | 435 (14.1) | 3085 (100) |
Private insurance | OR | p >|z| | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||
Male | 1.239 | 0.05 | 1.003, 1.532 |
Female | 1.000 | ||
Age (y) | |||
1-5 | 1.110 | 0.44 | 0.851, 1.447 |
6-10 | 1.598 | <0.001 | 1.236, 2.065 |
11-15 | 1.000 | ||
Health insurance | |||
National Health Insurance | 1.004 | 0.99 | 0.644, 1.563 |
Medical Aid | 1.000 | ||
Medication taken for 3 months or longer | |||
Yes | 1.472 | 0.20 | 0.815, 2.660 |
No | 1.000 | ||
Disability (child) | |||
Yes | 0.565 | 0.27 | 0.203, 1.567 |
No | 1.000 | ||
Cohabitation status (parent) | |||
Separated in cohabitation | 1.494 | 0.06 | 0.984, 2.268 |
Educational level (parent) | |||
Elementary or lower | 0.517 | 0.01 | 0.313, 0.856 |
Middle-high school | 1.037 | 0.76 | 0.819, 1.314 |
College or higher | 1.000 | ||
Disability (parent) | |||
Yes | 0.561 | 0.01 | 0.352, 0.895 |
No | 1.000 | ||
Employment status (parent) | |||
Employed | 1.795 | 0.009 | 1.161, 2.776 |
Unemployed | 1.000 | ||
Chronic disease (parent) | |||
Yes | 0.863 | 0.19 | 0.692, 1.077 |
No | 1.000 | ||
Household income quintile | |||
1st (lowest) | 0.325 | <0.001 | 0.206, 0.514 |
2nd | 0.639 | 0.01 | 0.448, 0.914 |
3rd | 0.865 | 0.41 | 0.615, 1.219 |
4th | 1.009 | 0.96 | 0.717, 1.421 |
5th (highest) | 1.000 |
Log (outpatient cost) |
Outpatient visits |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
β | SE | β | SE | |
Private health insurance | 0.2782 |
0.0862 | 0.481 | 0.4777 |
Age group | -1.5643 |
0.1216 | -5.5969 |
0.6443 |
National Health Insurance | 0.8943 |
0.1318 | 1.5663 | 1.1166 |
Chronic medication (child) | 0.6518 |
0.1272 | 2.7527 |
0.8864 |
Disability (child) | 1.6912 |
0.2781 | 24.056 |
1.3408 |
Log (total household income) | 0.1502 |
0.0420 | 0.8418 |
0.2086 |
Cohabitation status (parent) | 0.5628 |
0.1345 | 2.4385 |
1.1354 |
Disability (parent) | -0.4625 |
0.1456 | -2.7963 |
1.3283 |
Educational level (parent) | 0.2816 |
0.0478 | 0.7597 | 0.4217 |
Employment status (parent) | 0.1172 | 0.1184 | 0.2004 | 1.0287 |
Interaction |
0.5138 |
0.1267 | -0.2489 | 0.6601 |
Constant | 7.6463 |
0.3339 | 21.3039 |
0.2477 |
Log (inpatient cost) |
No. of admission |
Total length of stay |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | |
Private health insurance | 0.390 |
0.1220 | 0.052 |
0.0259 | 0.259 | 0.1867 |
Age group | -0.753 |
0.1722 | -0.242 |
0.0366 | -0.700 |
0.2536 |
National Health Insurance | -0.407 |
0.1866 | -0.090 |
0.0396 | -0.813 |
0.3587 |
Chronic medication (child) | 0.436 |
0.1791 | 0.055 | 0.0383 | 0.648 |
0.3145 |
Disability (child) | 2.917 |
0.3939 | 1.314 |
0.0836 | 3.809 |
0.5544 |
Log (total household income) | -0.051 | 0.0595 | 0.012 | 0.0126 | 0.435 |
0.0680 |
Cohabitation status | 0.217 | 0.1904 | 0.016 | 0.0404 | 0.538 | 0.3561 |
Disability (parent) | -0.361 | 0.2062 | -0.106 |
0.0438 | -0.514 | 0.4090 |
Educational level | -0.137 |
0.0677 | -0.062 |
0.0144 | -0.592 |
0.1307 |
Employment status | -0.135 | 0.1677 | -0.023 | 0.0356 | 0.273 | 0.3201 |
Interaction |
-0.184 | 0.1795 | 0.031 | 0.0381 | -0.369 | 0.2624 |
Constant | 2.199 |
0.4727 | 0.475 |
0.1004 | -0.554 |
0.1386 |
Values are presented as number (%). PHI, private health insurance; NHI, National Health Insurance.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
SE, standard error. Interaction=(age group)*(private health insurance).
SE, standard error. Interaction=(age group)*(private health insurance).