Department of Community Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India.
Copyright © 2013 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
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Variable | Male | Female | Total | 95% confidence interval |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary practices | ||||
Diet | ||||
Vegetarian | 345 (46.1) | 403 (53.9) | 748 (40.6) | 38.4, 42.8 |
Mixed diet | 550 (50.3) | 544 (49.7) | 1094 (59.4) | 57.2, 61.4 |
Fruit intake | ||||
Never/occasional | 494 (55.2) | 600 (63.4) | 1094 (59.4) | 57.2, 61.4 |
1 or 2 times/d | 343 (38.3) | 323 (34.1) | 666 (36.2) | 34.0, 38.4 |
3 or more times/d | 58 (6.5) | 24 (2.5) | 82 (4.5) | 3.5, 5.4 |
Vegetable intake | ||||
Never/occasional | 194 (21.7) | 276 (29.1) | 470 (25.5) | 23.5, 27.5 |
1 or 2 times/d | 540 (60.3) | 558 (58.9) | 1098 (59.6) | 57.4, 61.8 |
3 or more times/d | 161 (18.0) | 113 (11.9) | 274 (14.9) | 13.3, 16.5 |
Carbonated drink intake during the previous7 d | ||||
Never | 748 (83.6) | 841 (88.8) | 1589 (86.3) | 84.7, 87.9 |
1 or 3 times | 132 (14.7) | 95 (10.0) | 277 (12.3) | 10.8, 13.8 |
4 or more times | 15 (1.7) | 11 (1.2) | 26 (1.4) | 0.9, 1.9 |
Fast food intake during last seven days | ||||
Never | 119 (13.3) | 158 (16.7) | 277 (15) | 13.4, 16.6 |
1-3 d | 545 (60.9) | 609 (64.3) | 1154 (62.6) | 60.4, 64.8 |
4-7 d | 231 (25.8) | 180 (19.0) | 411 (22.3) | 20.4, 24.2 |
Daily activities | ||||
Watching TV for more than two hours every day | 278 (31.1) | 282 (29.8) | 560 (30.4) | 28.3, 32.5 |
Computer use for more than two hours every day | 292 (32.6) | 218 (23.0) | 510 (27.7) | 25.7, 29.7 |
Academic activities for more than two hours every day | 489 (54.6) | 573 (60.5) | 1062 (57.7) | 55.4, 60.0 |
Outdoor sports activities for more than one hour every day | 320 (35.8) | 85 (9.0) | 405 (22.0) | 20.1, 23.9 |
Transport to school by walking/cycling | 637 (71.2) | 567 (59.9) | 1204 (65.4) | 63.2, 67.5 |
Characteristics | Total | HEPA active n (%) | 95% confidence interval | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | ||||
12-14 | 760 | 362 (47.6) | 44.0, 51.1 | <0.001 |
15-18 | 1082 | 393 (36.3) | 32.4, 39.2 | |
Sex | ||||
Male | 895 | 540 (60.3) | 57.1, 63.5 | <0.001 |
Female | 947 | 215 (22.7) | 20.0, 25.4 | |
Type of school | ||||
Private | 1078 | 438 (40.6) | 37.7, 43.5 | 0.71 |
Government/government-aided/trust-managed | 764 | 317 (41.5) | 38.0, 44.9 | |
Father’s education (n = 1282) | ||||
Up to X standard | 768 | 338 (44.0) | 40.5, 47.5 | 0.24 |
More than X standard | 514 | 209 (40.7) | 36.4, 44.9 | |
Mother’s education (n = 1249) | ||||
Up to X standard | 855 | 372 (43.5) | 40.4, 46.6 | 0.53 |
More than X standard | 394 | 164 (41.6) | 36.7, 46.5 | |
Academic activities per day | ||||
Up to 2 h | 780 | 370 (47.4) | 43.9, 50.9 | <0.001 |
More than 2 h | 1062 | 385 (36.3) | 33.4, 39.2 | |
TV hours per day | ||||
Up to 2 h | 1282 | 504 (39.3) | 36.6, 41.9 | <0.05 |
More than 2 h | 560 | 251 (44.8) | 40.7, 48.9 | |
Computer use per day | ||||
Up to 2 h | 1332 | 534 (40.1) | 37.5, 42.7 | 0.21 |
More than 2 h | 510 | 221 (43.3) | 39.0, 47.6 |
Characteristics | Total | Over- weight / obese (n) | Percent | 95% confidence interval | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | |||||
12-14 | 760 | 105 | 13.8 | 11.3, 16.2 | <0.01 |
15-18 | 1082 | 105 | 9.7 | 7.9, 11.5 | |
Sex | |||||
Male | 895 | 86 | 9.6 | 7.7, 11.5 | <0.05 |
Female | 947 | 124 | 13.1 | 10.9, 15.2 | |
Father’s education (n = 1282) | |||||
Up to 10th standard | 768 | 64 | 8.3 | 6.3, 10.2 | <0.001 |
More than 10th standard | 514 | 75 | 14.6 | 11.5, 17.6 | |
Mother’s education (n = 1249) | |||||
Up to 10th standard | 855 | 69 | 8.1 | 6.4, 9.8 | <0.001 |
More than 10th standard | 394 | 61 | 15.5 | 11.9, 19.1 | |
Type of school | |||||
Private | 1078 | 154 | 14.3 | 12.2, 16.4 | <0.001 |
Government/ government-aided/ trust-managed | 764 | 56 | 7.3 | 5.5, 9.1 |
Characteristics | Total | Overweight/obese (n) | Percent | 95% confidence interval | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fast food intake | |||||
≤3 d/wk | 1431 | 182 | 12.7 | 11.0, 11.4 | <0.001 |
4-7 d/wk | 411 | 28 | 6.8 | 4.4, 9.2 | |
Carbonated drink intake | |||||
≤3 times/wk | 1816 | 203 | 11.3 | 9.8, 12.8 | 0.41 |
4-7 times/wk | 26 | 7 | 15.2 | 4.1, 34.3 | |
Studying/academic activities per day | |||||
Up to 2 h | 780 | 87 | 11.2 | 9.0, 13.4 | 0.78 |
More than 2 h | 1062 | 123 | 11.6 | 9.7, 13.5 | |
Outdoor games per day | |||||
Up to 1 h | 1437 | 167 | 11.6 | 9.9, 13.3 | 0.57 |
More than 1 h | 405 | 43 | 10.6 | 7.6, 13.6 | |
TV hours per day | |||||
Up to 2 h | 1282 | 156 | 12.2 | 10.4, 14.0 | 0.12 |
More than 2 h | 560 | 54 | 9.6 | 7.2, 12.0 | |
Computer use | |||||
Up to 2 h | 1332 | 151 | 11.3 | 9.6, 13.0 | 0.89 |
More than 2 h | 510 | 59 | 11.6 | 8.8, 14.4 | |
Physical activity | |||||
Inactive/minimally active | 1087 | 128 | 11.8 | 9.9, 13.7 | 0.54 |
Health enhancing physical activity | 755 | 82 | 10.9 | 8.7, 13.1 | |
Transport to school | |||||
Walking/cycling | 1204 | 120 | 10.0 | 8.3, 11.7 | <0.01 |
Motorised vehicle | 638 | 90 | 14.1 | 11.4, 16.8 |
Explanatory variables | OR* | 95% CI* | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (12-14 y vs. 15-18 y) | 1.469 | 0.981-2.201 | 0.06 |
Sex (male vs. female) | 0.604 | 0.411-0.888 | 0.01 |
Type of school (private vs. Government/ government-aided/trust managed) | 2.118 | 1.364-3.288 | 0.001 |
Father’s education (upto 10th standard vs. more than 10th standard) | 0.809 | 0.517-1.267 | 0.35 |
Mother’s education(upto 10th standard vs. more than 10th standard) | 0.650 | 0.413-1.023 | 0.06 |
Fast food consumption (1-3 d/wk vs. 4-7 d/wk) | 0.525 | 0.306-0.900 | 0.02 |
Mode of transport (walking,cycling vs. motorised vehicle) | 1.426 | 0.973-2.089 | 0.07 |
Values are presented as number (%).
1Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) are adjusted for all variables in the model.