Figure 1A hypothesized model of physical activity (PA) for teen age girls (n=495). Goodness of fit: chi-square=222.14, degree of freedom=10, p<0.001, root mean square error of approximation=0.208, goodness of fit index=0.87, adjusted goodness of fit index=0.61. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
Figure 2The final model of physical activity (PA) for teen age girls (n=495). Goodness of fit: chi-square=7.69, degree of freedom=6, p<0.26, root mean square error of approximation=0.024, goodness of fit index=0.98, adjusted goodness of fit index=0.98. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
Table 1.Demographic characteristics of the sample (n=495)
Variable |
n (%) |
Age (y) |
|
14 |
85 (17.2) |
15 |
140 (28.3) |
16 |
165 (33.3) |
17 |
93 (18.8) |
18 |
12 (2.4) |
Parent education |
|
Illiterate |
45 (9.1) |
Primary (grade 1-5) |
309 (62.4) |
Diploma |
110 (22.2) |
College |
26 (5.3) |
Missing |
5 (1) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) |
|
<18.5 |
149 (30.1) |
18.5-25 (normal) |
302 (61) |
25-30 (overweight) |
36 (7.3) |
≥30 (obese) |
8 (1.6) |
Table 2.Means, standard deviations (SDs) and correlations among variables (n=495)
Variable |
Self-esteem |
Perceived barriers |
Perceived affect |
Self-efficacy |
Social support |
Physical activity |
Self-esteem |
1.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
Perceived barriers |
-0.25** |
1.00 |
|
|
|
|
Perceived affect |
0.28** |
-0.09* |
1.00 |
|
|
|
Self-efficacy |
0.44** |
-0.13** |
0.38** |
1.00 |
|
|
Social support |
0.21** |
-0.05 |
0.15** |
0.16** |
1.00 |
|
Physical activity |
0.53** |
-0.26** |
0.38** |
0.58** |
0.31** |
1.00 |
Mean (SD) |
29.24 (4.51) |
35.55 (8.10) |
71.08 (10.01) |
26.80 (4.54) |
67.92 (9.89) |
15.76 (4.61) |
Range |
13-40 |
18-61 |
35-100 |
12-40 |
18-84 |
8-32 |
Table 3.Direct, indirect, and total effects of variables in the final model for predicting physical activity
Variables |
Physical activity
|
Direct |
Indirect |
Total |
Self-esteem |
0.31*** |
0.15*** |
0.46*** |
Perceived self-efficacy |
0.34*** |
0.06*** |
0.40*** |
Perceived affect |
0.17*** |
– |
0.17*** |
Social support |
0.20*** |
0.04*** |
0.24*** |
Perceived barriers |
-0.16*** |
-0.03** |
-0.19*** |