Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Volume 44(5); September 2011

Original Articles

Social Network Effects on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Female North Korean Immigrants: Byungkyu Lee, Yoosik Youm; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(5):191-200. Published online September 28, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.191

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Objectives

The goal of this paper is to examine the social network effects on post-traumatic sdress disorder (PTSD) in female North Korean immigrants who entered South Korea in 2007. Specifically, it attempts to verify if the density and composition of networks make a difference after controlling for the network size.

Methods

A multivariate logistic regression is used to probe the effects of social networks using the North Korean Immigrant Panel data set. Because the data set had only completed its initial survey when this paper was written, the analysis was cross-sectional.

Results

The size of the support networks was systematically related to PTSD. Female North Korean immigrants with more supporting ties were less likely to develop PTSD, even after controlling for other risk factors (odds-ratio for one more tie was 0.8). However, once we control for the size of the network, neither the density nor the composition of the networks remains statistically significant.

Conclusions

The prevalence of the PTSD among female North Korean immigrants is alarmingly high, and regardless of the characteristics of supporting network members, the size of the supporting networks provides substantial protection. This implies that a simple strategy that focuses on increasing the number of supporting ties will be effective among North Korean immigrants who entered South Korea in recent years.

Summary

Citations

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“Give and take is the key”: Reciprocity leads to psychological well-being of North Korean refugees in South Korea
Soim Park, Jennifer A. Wenzel, Jin-Won Kim, Pamela J. Surkan
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Association between social networks and symptoms of post-traumatic stress during the pandemic: Cohort study in South Korea
Ji Su Yang, Yu Jin Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, Chul-Hyun Cho, Alexander C. Tsai, Sun Jae Jung
Comprehensive Psychiatry.2023; 127: 152432. CrossRef
Lonely in the Dark: Trauma Memory and Sex‐Specific Dysregulation of Amygdala Reactivity to Fear Signals
Mitjan Morr, Jeanine Noell, Daphne Sassin, Jule Daniels, Alexandra Philipsen, Benjamin Becker, Birgit Stoffel‐Wagner, René Hurlemann, Dirk Scheele
Advanced Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Social Network Changes and Disclosure Responses After Sexual Assault
Anna E. Jaffe, Jessica A. Blayney, Macey R. Schallert, Madison E. Edwards, Emily R. Dworkin
Psychology of Women Quarterly.2022; 46(3): 299. CrossRef
Social Anhedonia is Associated with Low Social Network Diversity in Trauma‐Exposed Adults
Elizabeth A. Olson, Diego A. Pizzagalli, Isabelle M. Rosso
Journal of Traumatic Stress.2021; 34(1): 241. CrossRef
Childhood maltreatment experiences are associated with altered diffusion in occipito‐temporal white matter pathways
Elizabeth A. Olson, Tate A. Overbey, Caroline G. Ostrand, Diego A. Pizzagalli, Scott L. Rauch, Isabelle M. Rosso
Brain and Behavior.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Factors Affecting Depressive Symptoms among North Korean Adolescent Refugees Residing in South Korea
Subin Park, Minji Lee, Jin Jeon
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2017; 14(8): 912. CrossRef
The Association of Social Inhibition and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Karoline Lukaschek, Jens Baumert, Johannes Kruse, Karl-Heinz Ladwig
Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease.2016; 204(4): 261. CrossRef
Risk of Social Isolation Among Great East Japan Earthquake Survivors Living in Tsunami-Affected Ishinomaki, Japan
Machiko Inoue, Shoko Matsumoto, Kazue Yamaoka, Shinsuke Muto
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Comparing the Effect of Prazosin and Hydroxyzine on Sleep Quality in Patients Suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Mohammad Ahmadpanah, Parasto Sabzeiee, Seyed Mohammad Hosseini, Saadat Torabian, Mohammad Haghighi, Leila Jahangard, Hafez Bajoghli, Edith Holsboer-Trachsler, Serge Brand
Neuropsychobiology.2014; 69(4): 235. CrossRef

Health Impact Assessment as a Strategy for Intersectoral Collaboration: Eunjeong Kang, Hyun Jin Park, Ji Eun Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(5):201-209. Published online September 28, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.201

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

This study examined the use of health impact assessment (HIA) as a tool for intersectoral collaboration using the case of an HIA project conducted in Gwang Myeong City, Korea.

Methods

A typical procedure for rapid HIA was used. In the screening step, the Aegi-Neung Waterside Park Plan was chosen as the target of the HIA. In the scoping step, the specific methods and tools to assess potential health impacts were chosen. A participatory workshop was held in the assessment step. Various interest groups, including the Department of Parks and Greenspace, the Department of Culture and Sports, the Department of Environment and Cleansing, civil societies, and residents, discussed previously reviewed literature on the potential health impacts of the Aegi-Neung Waterside Park Plan.

Results

Potential health impacts and inequality issues were elicited from the workshop, and measures to maximize positive health impacts and minimize negative health impacts were recommended. The priorities among the recommendations were decided by voting. A report on the HIA was submitted to the Department of Parks and Greenspace for their consideration.

Conclusions

Although this study examined only one case, it shows the potential usefulness of HIA as a tool for enhancing intersectoral collaboration. Some strategies to formally implement HIA are discussed.

Summary

Citations

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Zhan S. Kalel, Gabriel Gulis, Altyn M. Aringazina
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Keon Yeop Kim, So Youn Jeon, Man Joong Jeon, Kwon Ho Lee, Sok Goo Lee, Dongjin Kim, Eunjeong Kang, Sang Geun Bae, Jinhee Kim
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Preventable Lifestyle Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in the Pakistan Adolescents Schools Study 1 (PASS-1): Ali Khan Khuwaja, Saleem Khawaja, Komal Motwani, Adeel Akbar Khoja, Iqbal Syed Azam, Zafar Fatmi, Badar Sabir Ali, Muhammad Masood Kadir; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(5):210-217. Published online September 28, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.210

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

The rising burden of preventable risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents is a major public health challenge worldwide. We identified the preventable risk factors for NCDs in adolescents.

Methods

In a school-based study, pre-tested structured questionnaires were completed by 414 adolescents (14 to 17 years) at six schools in three cities in Pakistan. The chi-squared test and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated in a multinomial logistic regression analysis.

Results

Over 80% of the adolescents had unhealthy diets, and 54% were physically inactive. Most adolescents were exposed to passive smoking, and 14% were also current smokers. More than one-third of participants chewed betel nut, and one-quarter used oral tobacco. More girls were physically inactive (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 2.69 to 6.17), whereas a greater proportion of boys were current smokers (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.19 to 3.91), exposed to passive smoking (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.72 to 3.83), and using betel nut (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.34 to 3.06). Only 3.1% of the participants were without any preventable lifestyle risk factor for NCDs, and over 80% had ≥2 factors. Co-existence of risk factors was independently associated with fathers being blue-collar workers (aOR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.07 to 11.92) and parents not treating their child fairly (aOR, 5.05; 95% CI, 1.29 to 19.78).

Conclusions

Most of the adolescents studied had preventable risk factors for NCDs. These results warrant comprehensive and integrated interventions to prevent lifestyle risk factors, and parents are front-line stakeholders.

Summary

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Relationship Between Blood Mercury Concentration and Waist-to-Hip Ratio in Elderly Korean Individuals Living in Coastal Areas: Chang-Hun You, Byoung-Gwon Kim, Jung-Man Kim, Seung-Do Yu, Yu-Mi Kim, Rock-Bum Kim, Young-Seoub Hong; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(5):218-225. Published online September 28, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.218

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

This study investigated the relationship between the blood mercury concentration and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly Korean individuals living in coastal areas.

Methods

The sample consisted of 477 adults (164 males, 313 females) aged 40 to 65 years who visited a Busan health promotion center from June to September in 2009. The relationship between blood mercury concentration and cardiovascular risk factors including metabolic syndrome, cholesterol profiles, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), was investigated. Variables related to blood mercury concentration were further evaluated using multiple regression analysis.

Results

The blood mercury concentration of the study population was 7.99 (range, 7.60 to 8.40) µg/L. In males, the blood mercury concentration was 9.74 (8.92 to 10.63) µg/L, which was significantly higher than that in females (7.21, [6.80 to 7.64] µg/L). The blood mercury concentration of the study population was related to several cardiovascular risk factors including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (p=0.044), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p=0.034), BMI (p = 0.006), waist circumference (p = 0.031), and WHR (p < 0.001). In males, the blood mercury concentration was significantly correlated with WHR in the multiple regression analysis.

Conclusions

In males, the blood mercury concentration was related to waist-to-hip ratio, which is a central obesity index and cardiovascular risk factor. Our finding suggests that cardiovascular disease risk in males was increased by mercury exposure via an obesity-related mechanism.

Summary

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The Effect of Eating Behavior on Being Overweight or Obese During Preadolescence: Hye Ah Lee, Won Kyung Lee, Kyoung-Ae Kong, Namsoo Chang, Eun-Hee Ha, Young Sun Hong, Hyesook Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(5):226-233. Published online September 28, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.226

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

Being overweight or obese is central to metabolic syndrome, and these characteristics constitute dominant risk factors for chronic diseases. Although behavioral factors, including eating habits and sedentary lifestyles, are considered to be determinants of obesity, the specific childhood factors that contribute to this condition have not been clearly defined.

Methods

The subjects consisted of 261 children aged 7-9 years who were recruited from an elementary school during October 2003. Information was obtained from their parents using a questionnaire focused on eating behaviors and lifestyle factors, additional data were also collected via anthropometric measurements and biochemical examinations, including blood tests.

Results

A total of 48 (18.4%) of the 261 children were overweight, and 34 (70.8%) had at least one other component of metabolic syndrome. Eating behaviors emerged as significant lifestyle-related risk factors for being overweight or obese. Those who engaged in overeating more than twice per week had three times the risk of being overweight (odds ratio [OR], 3.10, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39 to 6.92), and those who ate rapidly had three times the risk of being overweight (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.68 to 6.41). Those who had fewer family meals (fewer than 2-3/month) had a nine times higher risk of being overweight than those who had family meals more frequently (at least 1/day) (OR, 9.51; 95% CI, 1.21 to 74.82).

Conclusions

This study showed that being overweight or obese during preadolescence is associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and is related to unhealthy eating behaviors. Thus, weight-control strategies and healthy eating behaviors should be developed early in life to reduce the risk for metabolic syndrome.

Summary

Citations

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