Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Woojin Chung

8 Articles

Estimating the Socioeconomic Costs of Alcohol Drinking Among Adolescents in Korea.: Jaeyeun Kim, Woojin Chung, Sunmi Lee, Chongyon Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(4):341-351.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.4.341

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OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to estimate the socioeconomic costs resulting from alcohol drinking among adolescents as of 2006 from a societal perspective. METHODS: The costs were classified into direct costs, indirect costs, and other costs. The direct costs consisted of direct medical costs and direct non-medical costs. The indirect costs were computed by future income losses from premature death, productivity losses from using medical services and reduction of productivity from drinking and hangover. The other costs consisted of property damage, public administrative expenses, and traffic accident compensation. RESULTS: The socioeconomic costs of alcohol drinking among adolescents as of 2006 were estimated to be 387.5 billion won (0.05% of GDP). In the case of the former, the amount included 48.25% for reduction of productivity from drinking and hangover, 39.38% for future income losses from premature death, and 6.71% for hangover costs. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the socioeconomic costs of alcohol drinking among adolescents in Korea were a serious as compared with that of the United States. Therefore, the active interventions such as a surveillance system and a prevention program to control adolescents drinking by government and preventive medicine specialist are needed.

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Disparity between Subjective Health Perception and Lifestyle Practices among Korean Adolescents: A National Representative Sample
Aniceto Echalico Braza, Jinsoo Jason Kim, Sun Hee Kim
Journal of Lifestyle Medicine.2022; 12(3): 153. CrossRef
Maternal working hours and smoking and drinking in adolescent children: based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI and VII
Tae-Hwi Park, Yong-Duk Ahn, Jeong-Bae Rhie
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of Public Health Policies on Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease in Latin America: An Ecological Multinational Study
Luis Antonio Díaz, Francisco Idalsoaga, Eduardo Fuentes‐López, Andrea Márquez‐Lomas, Carolina A. Ramírez, Juan Pablo Roblero, Roberta C. Araujo, Fátima Higuera‐de‐la‐Tijera, Luis Guillermo Toro, Galo Pazmiño, Pedro Montes, Nelia Hernandez, Manuel Mendizab
Hepatology.2021; 74(5): 2478. CrossRef
Economic burden of alcohol-related cancers in the Republic of Korea
Minji Han, Binh Thang Tran, Heeyoun Cho, Jin-Kyoung Oh
Drug and Alcohol Dependence.2020; 217: 108295. CrossRef
An Item Response Theory Analysis of the Korean Version of the CRAFFT Scale for Alcohol Use Among Adolescents in Korea
Youngshin Song, Hyerang Kim, So-Youn Park
Asian Nursing Research.2019; 13(4): 249. CrossRef
Development of Addiction Prevention Care Program for Nurses
Sungjae Kim, Se-Jin Joo, Young Ok Song, Jin-Gyung Cha, Jeongwoon Yang
STRESS.2019; 27(4): 389. CrossRef
Characteristics of sauna deaths in Korea in relation to different blood alcohol concentrations
Kyung-Moo Yang, Bong-Woo Lee, Jaeseong Oh, Seong Ho Yoo
Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology.2018; 14(3): 307. CrossRef
High prevalence of sarcopenia among binge drinking elderly women: a nationwide population-based study
Jun-Il Yoo, Yong-Chan Ha, Young-Kyun Lee, Hana-Choi, Moon-Jib Yoo, Kyung-Hoi Koo
BMC Geriatrics.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
An effective hangover treatment: Friend or foe?
Marlou Mackus, Marith van Schrojenstein Lantman, Aurora JAE van de Loo, David Nutt, Joris C Verster
Drug Science, Policy and Law.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Does the Severity of Hangovers Decline with Age? Survey of the Incidence of Hangover in Different Age Groups
Janne S. Tolstrup, Richard Stephens, Morten Grønbaek
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research.2014; 38(2): 466. CrossRef
The economic burden of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza in Korea
Yang-Woo Kim, Seok-Jun Yoon, In-Hwan Oh
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases.2013; 45(5): 390. CrossRef
Consumer Satisfaction and Efficacy of the Hangover Cure After-Effect©
J. C. Verster, O. Berthélemy
Advances in Preventive Medicine.2012; 2012: 1. CrossRef
Moderate drinking and motivational enhancement therapy
Kang-Sook Lee
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2011; 54(10): 1047. CrossRef

Association Between Socioeconomic Status and All-Cause Mortality After Breast Cancer Surgery: Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.: Mi Jin Park, Woojin Chung, Sunmi Lee, Jong Hyock Park, Hoo Sun Chang; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(4):330-340.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.4.330

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OBJECTIVES
This study aims to evaluate and explain the socioeconomic inequalities of all-cause mortality after breast cancer surgery in South Korea. METHODS: This population based study included all 8868 females who underwent radical mastectomy for breast cancer between January 2002 and June 2003. Follow-up for mortality continued from January 2002 to June 2006. The patients were divided into 4 socioeconomic classes according to their socioeconomic status as defined by the National Health Insurance contribution rate. The relationship between socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality after breast cancer surgery was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model with adjusting for age, the Charlson's index score, emergency hospitalization, the type of hospital and the hospital ownership. RESULTS: Those in the lowest socioeconomic status group had a significantly higher hazard ratio of 2.09 (95% CI =1.50 - 2.91) compared with those in the highest socioeconomic group after controlling for all the identifiable confounding variables. For all-cause mortality after radical mastectomy, all the other income groups showed significantly higher 3-year mortality rates than did the highest income group. CONCLUSIONS: The socioeconomic status of breast cancer patients should be considered as an independent prognostic factor that affects all-cause mortality after radical mastectomy, and this is possibly due to a delayed diagnosis, limited access or minimal treatment leading to higher mortality. This study may provide tangible support to intensify surveillance and treatment for breast cancer among low socioeconomic class women.

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Higher complication rates after management of lower extremity fractures in lower socioeconomic classes: Are risk adjustment models necessary?
Jeffrey M Henstenburg, Alexander M Lieber, Anthony J Boniello, Yehuda E Kerbel, Mitesh Shah
Trauma.2022; 24(2): 131. CrossRef
Income Disparity in Breast Cancer Incidence and Stage at Presentation: A National Population Study of South Korea
Seung-Ah Choe, Minji Roh, Hye Ri Kim, Soohyeon Lee, Myung Ki, Domyung Paek, Mia Son
Journal of Breast Cancer.2022; 25(5): 415. CrossRef
Pain-related Prescribing Patterns and Associated Factor in Breast Cancer Patients
Jin Lee, Ie Byung Park, Hwa Jeong Seo
Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy.2021; 31(2): 115. CrossRef
Higher breast cancer prevalence associated with higher socioeconomic status in the South Korean population; Has it resulted from overdiagnosis?
Seong-Woo Choi, So-Yeon Ryu, Mi-ah Han, Jong Park, Antonio Palazón-Bru
PLOS ONE.2018; 13(7): e0200484. CrossRef
Barriers to Cancer Care, Perceived Social Support, and Patient Navigation Services for Korean Breast Cancer Patients
Jung-won Lim
Social Work in Health Care.2015; 54(1): 47. CrossRef
Equity in health care: current situation in South Korea
Hong-Jun Cho
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2013; 56(3): 184. CrossRef
Cancer Control and the Communication Innovation in South Korea: Implications for Cancer Disparities
Minsoo Jung
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.2013; 14(6): 3411. CrossRef
Performance of Papanicolaou Testing and Detection of Cervical Carcinoma In Situ in Participants of Organized Cervical Cancer Screening in South Korea
Mi Ah Han, Kui Son Choi, Hoo-Yeon Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Kyu Won Jung, Sokbom Kang, Eun-Cheol Park, Konradin Metze
PLoS ONE.2012; 7(4): e35469. CrossRef

Socioeconomic Inequity in Self-Rated Health Status and Contribution of Health Behavioral Factors in Korea.: Minkyung Kim, Woojin Chung, Seungji Lim, Soojin Yoon, Jakyoung Lee, Eunkyung Kim, Lanju Ko; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(1):50-61.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.1.50

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OBJECTIVES
The study is investigated socioeconomic variations in self-rated health status and contribution of health behavioral factors in Korea. METHODS: A nationally representative sample (2,800 men and 3,230 women aged 20-64 years) from the 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Surveys was analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS: Self-rated health was lower among lower socioeconomic groups compared with higher socioeconomic groups, with gender being irrelevant. This association was attenuated when health behavioral and socio-demographic factors were adjusted. When each health behavioral factor was considered separately, mediators such as smoking in men, and stress or exercise in women explained a large part of the decreased socioeconomic health inequalities. CONCLUSIONS: In Korea, subjective health inequalities arise from different socioeconomic status, but this difference is decreased by health behavioral factors. Therefore, socioeconomic inequity in self-rated health status can be corrected more effectively by promotional health behaviors.

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AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION ON THE SELF-PERCEIVED HEALTH STATUS AND AFFECTING FACTORS IN TÜRKİYE
Doğancan Çavmak
Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute.2025; (67): 115. CrossRef
Regularity of cervical cancer screening in Korea: analysis using national public data for 12 years
Jong-Yeup Kim, Jeeyoung Hong, Juhee Yoon, Jinsol Park, Tae-Hyun Kim
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Socio-economic factors and medical conditions affecting regular stomach cancer screening in Korea: a retrospective longitudinal study using national public health data for 11 years
J.-Y. Kim, J.Y. Hong, S.M. Kim, K.H. Ryu, D.S. Kim, S.H. Lee, J.H. Na, H.H. Cho, J. Yu, J. Lee
Public Health.2024; 227: 70. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Adherence to National Colorectal Cancer Screening: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study Using Multi-Institutional Pooled Data in Korea
Dae Sung Kim, Jeeyoung Hong, Kihyun Ryu, Sang Hyuk Lee, Hwanhyi Cho, Jehyeong Yu, Jieun Lee, Jong-Yeup Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Sequential Mediating Effects of Dietary Behavior and Perceived Stress on the Relationship between Subjective Socioeconomic Status and Multicultural Adolescent Health
Youlim Kim, Hyeonkyeong Lee, Mikyung Lee, Hyeyeon Lee, Sookyung Kim, Kennedy Diema Konlan
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(7): 3604. CrossRef
Health Literacy and Related Factors Depending on Socioeconomic Status
Yoon Jin Oh, Ki Hyun Park
Korean Journal of Family Practice.2021; 11(4): 280. CrossRef
Comparison of Nutrient Intake and Diet Assessment according to the Subjective Health Perception and Disease Existence : The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data(2013~2017) Analysis
Yi-Na Yoon, Bok-Mi Jung
The Korean Journal of Community Living Science.2021; 32(3): 395. CrossRef
Comparison of Health Status in Primary Care Underserved Area Residents and the General Population in Korea
Min So Kim, Kyae Hyung Kim, Sang Min Park, Jong-goo Lee, Yeon Seo Ko, A Ra Cho, Yoon Su Ku
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(2): 119. CrossRef
Factors Associated with the Health Literacy on Social Determinants of Health: A Focus on Socioeconomic Position and Work Environment
Mikyeong Cho, Young-Me Lee, Seung joo Lim, Hyeonkyeong Lee
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(18): 6663. CrossRef
Changes in poor self‐rated health status among elderly Koreans over 10 years: Community Health Survey 2008–2017
Jin‐Gyu Jung, Seok‐Joon Yoon, Soon‐Ki Ahn, Jong‐Sung Kim, Hae‐Sung Nam, Bon Jeong Ku, Ho Kim, In‐Sun Kwon
Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2020; 20(12): 1190. CrossRef
Multilevel Analysis of Factors Associated with Perceived Good Health and Multimorbidity among Older Adults: Using the 2017 Community Health Survey
Sunjoo Boo, Young Ran Han, Hye Young Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(Suppl): 549. CrossRef
Working Poverty and Health Disparities in Korean Workers
Jin-Hwa Lee, Bokim Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(4): 514. CrossRef
Association between energy intake and skeletal muscle mass according to dietary patterns derived by cluster analysis: data from the 2008 ~ 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Bo Young Jang, So Young Bu
Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(6): 581. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Perceived Depression of Korean Adults: Secondary Data from the Korean Community Health Survey
Mi-Ra Won, Me-Sun Ahn, Yun-Jung Choi
Community Mental Health Journal.2017; 53(3): 288. CrossRef
Neo-Marxian social class inequalities in self-rated health among the employed in South Korea: the role of material, behavioral, psychosocial, and workplace environmental factors
Kyoung Ae Kong, Young-Ho Khang, Hong-Jun Cho, Sung-Mi Jang, Kyunghee Jung-Choi
BMC Public Health.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
The Health Behavior and Status according to Household Income Level in Korean Women Aged 35 Years or Older: the 2013 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Min-Jeong Oh, Yun-Jin Kim, Jeong-Gyu Lee, Yu-Hyeon Yi, Young-Jin Tak, Hye-Rim Hwang, Seung-Hoon Lee
Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2017; 17(1): 20. CrossRef
Associations Between Preschool Education Experiences and Adulthood Self-rated Health
Jeehye Lee, Jinwook Bahk, Young-Ho Khang
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2017; 50(4): 228. CrossRef
Income gaps in self-rated poor health and its association with life expectancy in 245 districts of Korea
Ikhan Kim, Jinwook Bahk, Sung-Cheol Yun, Young-Ho Khang
Epidemiology and Health.2017; 39: e2017011. CrossRef
Effects of Working Environment and Socioeconomic Status on Health Status in Elderly Workers: A Comparison with Non-Elderly Workers
Bokim Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(4): 472. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Non-Participation in Health Screening for People with Disabilities
Seok-Yeong Kim, Jung-Chan Lee, Byeung-Ki An, Yang-Kyun Kim
The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2017; 11(4): 89. CrossRef
The Optimal Cut Off Score According to Self-Rated Health in Early Adulthood
Yun-Young Kim, Eun-Su Jang
The Korean Journal of Health Service Management.2017; 11(2): 105. CrossRef
Differences between middle-aged and older people in association between income level and remaining teeth
Sun-Yi Kim, Jeong-Keun Lee, Yun-Hwan Lee, Ki-Hong Chun
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2016; 40(1): 9. CrossRef
Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012)
Jinhyun Park, Seungji Lim, Eunshil Yim, Youngdae Kim, Woojin Chung
Health Policy and Management.2016; 26(2): 125. CrossRef
Self-rated Health and Health Service Utilization of Chronic disease Patients
Eun-Ju Park
The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology.2016; 9(4): 404. CrossRef
Health Disparities among Korean Workers by Enterprise Size: Using Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (17th)
Bohyun Park, Sook Ja Choi, Sukyong Seo
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing.2016; 25(4): 277. CrossRef
A panel study to examine the impact of multidimensional poverty on Korean adolescents' health
Jung-Eun Kim, Won-Hong Min, Bong Joo Lee, In Hoe Ku
Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development.2015; 25(3): 145. CrossRef
The Factors Related to the Non-Practice of Cancer Screening in Cancer Survivors: Based on the 2007-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Song-Ei Yang, Nam-Kyung Han, Sun-Mi Lee, Tae-Hyun Kim, Woojin Chung
Health Policy and Management.2015; 25(3): 162. CrossRef
Socioeconomic inequalities in health status in Korea
Kyunghee Jung-Choi, Yu-Mi Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2013; 56(3): 167. CrossRef
The Relationship between Smoking, Alcohol Drinking, and Parenting Behavior Perceived by Adolescents
Yun Ho Roh, Eun Joo Kim
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2013; 30(2): 71. CrossRef
Difference in Health-related Quality of Life among Social Classes and Related Factors in Korea
Gyeong-Tae Lim, In-Sun Kwon, Soon-Young Kim, Young-Chae Cho, Hea-Sung Nam
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society.2012; 13(5): 2189. CrossRef

Analysis of Willingness-to-Quit Cigarette Price among Korean Male Adults.: Woojin Chung, Sunmi Lee, Kayoung Shin, Seungji Lim, Kyungsook Cho; J Prev Med Public Health. 2008;41(3):136-146.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2008.41.3.136

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to estimate the willingness to quit cigarette price among Korean male adults, and to examine he factors affecting the willingness to quit cigarette price. METHODS: The data was collected by a random digit dial telephone survey. 702 samples were analyzed by using ttests, ANOVA and OLS regression analysis. To estimate the willingness to quit cigarette price, smokers were asked dichotomous questions with open-ended follow-up and the starting point of the price was randomized by one of 5 bid prices elicited from a pilot study. RESULTS: The mean of the willingness to quit cigarette price was 4,287 Won per package, which was about 2,000 Won higher than the mean of the actual price the smokers now paid. About 41% of respondents were willing to quit smoking if the price of cigarette would be increased by 3,000 Won, and if the price would be increased by 20,000 Won, all respondents were willing to quit smoking. The factors associated with the willingness to quit cigarette price were the place of residence, the amount of smoking and the degree of exposure to smoking through the mass media. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that to get people to quit smoking, increasing the cigarette price would obviously be effective and much higher prices have a greater effect. Furthermore, to enlarge the effect of increased cigarette prices, providing more cessation programs to small towns, reducing the amount of smoking and decreasing or prohibiting advertisements of cigarettes and smoking in the mass media will be efficient.

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Factors Associated with Intention to Quit Smoking in Community-dwelling Male Adult Smokers
Hye-Ran Ahn
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2015; 26(4): 364. CrossRef
Smoking Cessation Intention according to the Level of Cigarette Price Increase among Adolescent Smokers
Jun Hyun Hwang, Soon-Woo Park
Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2014; 27(2): 59. CrossRef
Cigarette Smoking Among Korean International College Students in the United States
Jaesin Sa, Dong-Chul Seo, Toben F. Nelson, David K. Lohrmann
Journal of American College Health.2013; 61(8): 454. CrossRef
Secular trends in adult male smoking from 1992 to 2006 in South Korea: Age-specific changes with evolving tobacco-control policies
E.J. Park, H.K. Koh, J.W. Kwon, M.K. Suh, H. Kim, S.I. Cho
Public Health.2009; 123(10): 657. CrossRef

Determinants of Sterilization among Married Couples in Korea.: Ju Hee Kim, Woojin Chung, Sunmi Lee, Moonhee Suh, Dae Ryong Kang; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(6):461-466.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.6.461

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of sterilization in South Korea. METHODS: This study was based on the data from the Korea National Fertility Survey carried out in the year 2000 by the Korea Institute of Health and Social Affairs. The subjects of the analysis were 4,604 women and their husbands who were in their first marriage, in the age group of 15-49 years. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Consistent with the findings of previous studies, the woman's age and the number of total children increased the likelihood of sterilization. In addition, the year of marriage had a strong positive association with sterilization. Interestingly, the number of surviving sons tended to increase the likelihood of sterilization, whereas the woman's education level and age at the time of marriage showed a negative association with sterilization. Religion, place of residence, son preference, and the husband's education level, age and type of occupation were not significant determinants of sterilization. CONCLUSIONS: The sex of previous children and lower level of education are distinct determinants of sterilization among women in South Korea. More studies are needed in order to determine the associations between sterilization rate and decreased fertility.; Summary

The Effect of Cigarette Price on Smoking Behavior in Korea.: Woojin Chung, Seungji Lim, Sunmi Lee, Sungjoo Choi, Kayoung Shin, Kyungsook Cho; J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(5):371-380.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.5.371

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OBJECTIVES
To determine the impact of cigarette prices on the decision to initiate and quit smoking by taking into account the interdependence of smoking and other behavioral risk factors. METHODS: The study population consisted of 3,000 male Koreans aged > or =20. A survey by telephone interview was undertaken to collect information on cigarette price, smoking and other behavioral risk factors. A two-part model was used to examine separately the effect of price on the decision to be a smoker, and on the amount of cigarettes smoked. RESULTS: The overall price elasticity of cigarettes was estimated at -0.66, with a price elasticity of -0.02 for smoking participation and -0.64 for the amount of cigarettes consumed by smokers. The inclusion of other behavioral risk factors reduced the estimated price elasticity for smoking participation substantially, but had no effect on the conditional price elasticity for the quantity of cigarettes smoked. CONCLUSIONS: From the public health and financial perspectives, an increase in cigarette price would significantly reduce smoking prevalence as well as cigarette consumption by smokers in Korea.

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The Economics of Tobacco Regulation: A Comprehensive Review
Philip DeCicca, Donald Kenkel, Michael F. Lovenheim
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Decrease in Smoking and Related Factor after the Price Raise of Tobacco in Hypertension Patients: Using 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Mi Hyun Joo, Mi Ah Han, Jong Park, Seong Woo Choi, So Yeon Ryu, Jun Ho Shin
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2019; 44(1): 83. CrossRef
Smoking After Age 65 Years and Mortality: The Kangwha Cohort Study
Byung Heon Cha, Bayasgalan Gombojav, Jae Woong Sull, Heechoul Ohrr
International Journal of Gerontology.2012; 6(2): 127. CrossRef
SimSmoke Model Evaluation of the Effect of Tobacco Control Policies in Korea: The Unknown Success Story
David T. Levy, Sung-il Cho, Young-Mee Kim, Susan Park, Mee-Kyung Suh, Sin Kam
American Journal of Public Health.2010; 100(7): 1267. CrossRef
A Longitudinal Study on the Causal Association Between Smoking and Depression
Eunjeong Kang, Jaehee Lee
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2010; 43(3): 193. CrossRef
Factors influencing cigarette smoking and quantified implications for anti-smoking policy: evidence from South Korea
Woojin Chung, Hanjoong Kim, Seungji Lim, Sunmi Lee, Kyungsook Cho
International Journal of Public Health.2009; 54(6): 409. CrossRef

Effects of the Late Marriage of Korean Women on the First-birth Interval.: Woojin Chung, Kyoungae Lee, Sunmi Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2006;39(3):213-220.

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of women's late age of marriage on the interval between marriage and their first birth. METHODS: Data from Year 2000 Korea National Fertility Survey was collected through direct interview questionings, and the data was analyzed based on randomly selected sampling. In particular, the married women (N=5,648) were analyzed for the factors that determined the first-birth interval by performing Cox's proportional hazard model survival analysis. RESULTS: Unlike previous findings, the woman whose age of marriage was 30 or more was more likely to delay the birth of her first baby than were the other women who married earlier. Further, a woman's age at marriage, a woman's residence before marriage, her husband's religion, her husband's level of education and the difference in age between the woman and her husband significantly influenced the first-birth interval. In contrast, for a married woman, her age, level of education, current residence and religion were not significant predictors of her first birth interval. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that women who married at the age of 30 years or more tend to postpone their first birth in Korea. When facing the increasing number of women who marry at a late age, the Korean government should implement population and social policies to encourage married women have their first child as early as possible.; Summary

Type of Alcoholic Beverage and High Risk Drinking for Acute Harm.: Woojin Chung, Taiwoo Yoo, Sunmi Lee; Korean J Prev Med. 2003;36(4):383-389.

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Studies have suggested that beer is associated with a high risk of mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to investigate how types of alcoholic beverage are related to high risk acute harm. METHODS: Data from the 1997 Korea's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey, collected through telephone questionings, were analyzed based on multi-stage stratified random sampling (N=1, 045). Among those who had drunk at least one type of alcoholic beverage in the last month, one episode where the drinker had consumed the highest level of ethanol was selected, and the alcohol consumption per drinking day categorized into four risk levels of short-term, 'acute' harm, according to the WHO guidelines. Employing ordered logistic regression analyses, as the explanatory variables, types of alcoholic beverage, with and without socioeconomic characteristics, were considered. RESULTS: Spirits and soju were more than ten and three times, respectively, more likely than beer, while makkolli and wine were almost as likely as beer, to involve high risk drinking, irrespective of controlling for the socioeconomic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike most Western countries, in Korea, beer, rather than spirits or soju, is generally less likely to be associated with high risk drinking for acute harm. The influence of beverage types on high risk drinking for acute harm appears to vary between countries.; Summary

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