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Original Article
- The Effect of Prenatal Cadmium Exposure on Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in 6-Year-old Children in Korea
- Woosung Kim, Yoonyoung Jang, Youn-Hee Lim, Bung-Nyun Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Young Ah Lee, Johanna Inhyang Kim, Yun-Chul Hong
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(1):29-36. Published online November 14, 2019
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.175
- 4,965 View
- 170 Download
- 10 Crossref
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Abstract
Summary
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Supplementary Material - Objectives
Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure may be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between Cd exposure during gestation and ADHD at 6 years of age.
Methods
As part of an ongoing cohort study (the Environment and Development of Children study), 479 mother-child pairs from Seoul, Korea were included for analysis between 2008 and 2011. The whole blood concentration of Cd was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The parents were surveyed about ADHD behaviors in their children at age 6. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between prenatal exposure to Cd and ADHD at 6 years of age.
Results
Increased prenatal Cd concentrations were associated with increased scores for ADHD for girls, but not for boys, at age 6. A 2-fold increase in the prenatal Cd level was significantly associated with a 22.3% (95% confidence interval, 11.6 to 34.1) increase in ADHD in girls at 6 years of age, as indicated by the linear regression model.
Conclusions
Our results identified significant associations between prenatal Cd exposure and ADHD scores in 6-year-old girls. -
SummaryKorean summary
이 연구의 목적은 산모와 아이의 코호트 추적조사 상 임신 중 혈중의 중금속 카드뮴 농도가 6세 아이의 주의력결핍 과잉행동 장애(ADHD)와 연관이 있는지를 확인하는 것이다. 자료원으로는 환경부와 식약처 지원 어린이 코호트인 환경노출과 어린이 성장 코호트 (EDC)를 이용하였다. 총 479쌍의 산모-아이 쌍을 대상으로 다변수 선형 회귀분석을 통해 연관성을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 임신 중 산모의 혈중 카드뮴 농도가 2배 증가함에 따라 6세 여아의 한국어판 주의력결핍장애(ADHD) 평점척도 (K-ARS) 점수가 22.3% 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
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Tsung-Lin Tsai, Chia-Jung Hsieh, Ming-Tsang Wu, Mei-Lien Chen, Po-Hsiu Kuo, Shu-Li Wang
Environment International.2023; 173: 107804. CrossRef - Effects of cadmium on children and adolescents development (systematic review)
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Hygiene and sanitation.2023; 102(9): 947. CrossRef - Quality and risk assessment of lead and cadmium in drinking water for child development centres use in Phatthalung province, Thailand
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Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology.2023; 38(4): e2023020. CrossRef - Developmental exposure to environmental levels of cadmium induces neurotoxicity and activates microglia in zebrafish larvae: From the perspectives of neurobehavior and neuroimaging
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(5): 2849. CrossRef - Elemental composition of the hair and milk of black-spotted cows and its relationship with intestinal microbiome reorganization
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Veterinary World.2022; : 2565. CrossRef - Associations Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Urinary Concentrations of Bisphenol A, F, and S in 6-Year-old Children in Korea
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Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2021; 54(1): 37. CrossRef - ADHD: Reviewing the Causes and Evaluating Solutions
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Journal of Personalized Medicine.2021; 11(3): 166. CrossRef - Metal and essential element concentrations during pregnancy and associations with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children
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Environment International.2021; 152: 106468. CrossRef - Effect of Cadmium on Children's Health in Prenatal and Postnatal Periods of Development
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