Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Sungkyu Lee

4 Articles

Using Focus Group Interviews to Analyze the Behavior of Users of New Types of Tobacco Products: Jinyoung Kim, Sungkyu Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2017;50(5):336-346. Published online September 18, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.052

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Objectives
To characterize the usage patterns of new types of tobacco products (NTTPs) to develop effective strategies for the regulation of NTTPs in Korea. Methods: We conducted focus group interviews to identify the NTTP usage patterns of research subjects. The NTTPs were limited to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), waterpipe tobacco, and rolling tobacco. We categorized 30 research subjects into 4 groups. The e-cigarette group was divided into adult and adolescent groups. Each group contained 7-8 subjects. An interview lasting approximately 2 hours was conducted with each group. Results: Ninety percent of NTTP users used an NTTP in combination with conventional cigarettes. Subjects mostly bought NTTPs online, unlike how they bought cigarettes. Additionally, a great deal of information, such as how to use NTTPs and descriptions of NTTP products, was exchanged through online or offline societies. The primary reason why the subjects used NTTPs was that NTTPs offer a greater range of flavors and aromas than cigarettes. Moreover, NTTPs were felt to be less repulsive than cigarettes. NTTPs were not used as a cigarette substitute; rather, they were mostly used in places and situations where traditional cigarette smoking was not allowed. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the government should conduct studies on the effects of the combined use of NTTPs and cigarettes on the human body, obtain and provide accurate data regarding NTTP use, and develop and implement polices to ban NTTP advertising, which may arouse adolescents’ curiosity, and the addition of flavoring substances to tobacco products.

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Mouhamad Bigwanto, Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah, Elizabeth Orlan, Yoli Farradika, Tri Bayu Purnama
International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Youth use of e‐liquid flavours—a systematic review exploring patterns of use of e‐liquid flavours and associations with continued vaping, tobacco smoking uptake or cessation
Caitlin Notley, Sarah Gentry, Sharon Cox, Martin Dockrell, Michelle Havill, Angela S. Attwood, Matthew Smith, Marcus R. Munafò
Addiction.2022; 117(5): 1258. CrossRef
The emerging norms of e-cigarette use among adolescents: A meta-ethnography of qualitative evidence
Hannah Smith, Mark Lucherini, Amanda Amos, Sarah Hill
International Journal of Drug Policy.2021; 94: 103227. CrossRef
Effects of education methods on self-efficacy of smoking cessation counseling among medical students
Ara Cho, Jeonggyu Lee, YunJin Kim, Byung Mann Cho, Sang Yeoup Lee, Eunhee Kong, Minjeong Kim, Jinseung Kim, Dong Sik Jung, Seongho Han
PeerJ.2021; 9: e11408. CrossRef
Impact of tobacco and/or nicotine products on health and functioning: a scoping review and findings from the preparatory phase of the development of a new self-report measure
Esther F. Afolalu, Erica Spies, Agnes Bacso, Emilie Clerc, Linda Abetz-Webb, Sophie Gallot, Christelle Chrea
Harm Reduction Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Evolution of tobacco products
Sungkyu Lee, Jinyoung Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2020; 63(2): 88. CrossRef
Options for waterpipe product regulation: A systematic review on product characteristics that affect attractiveness, addictiveness and toxicity of waterpipe use
Anne Kienhuis, Reinskje Talhout
Tobacco Induced Diseases.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Longitudinal transitions of cigarettes and electronic nicotine delivery systems among adolescents: Construction of a retrospective cohort using recall data from a cross-sectional sample
Heewon Kang, Sung-il Cho
Tobacco Induced Diseases.2020; 18(November): 1. CrossRef
Measuring waterpipe tobacco smoking in survey research
Erin L Sutfin, Karma McKelvey, Eric Soule, Allison Glasser, Hyoshin Kim, Kimberly D Wiseman, Rachel Grana
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Rebecca Pratiti, Debabrata Mukherjee
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry .2019; 17(2): 82. CrossRef

The Tobacco Industry’s Abuse of Scientific Evidence and Activities to Recruit Scientists During Tobacco Litigation: Sungkyu Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49(1):23-34. Published online January 27, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.15.063

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

South Korea’s state health insurer, the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS), is in the process of a compensation suit against tobacco industry. The tobacco companies have habitually endeavored to ensure favorable outcomes in litigation by misusing scientific evidence or recruiting scientists to support its interests. This study analyzed strategies that tobacco companies have used during the NHIS litigation, which has been receiving world-wide attention. To understand the litigation strategies of tobacco companies, the present study reviewed the existing literature and carried out content analysis of petitions, preparatory documents, and supporting evidence submitted to the court by the NHIS and the tobacco companies during the suit. Tobacco companies misrepresented the World Health Organization (WHO) report’s argument and misused scientific evidence, and removed the word “deadly” from the title of the citation. Tobacco companies submitted the research results of scientists who had worked as a consultant for the tobacco industry as evidence. Such litigation strategies employed by the tobacco companies internationally were applied similarly in Korean lawsuits. Results of tobacco litigation have a huge influence on tobacco control policies. For desirable outcomes of the suits, healthcare professionals need to pay a great deal of attention to the enormous volume of written opinions and supporting evidence that tobacco companies submit. They also need to face the fact that the companies engage in recruitment of scientists. Healthcare professionals should refuse to partner with tobacco industry, as recommended by Article 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.

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We must win the tobacco litigation for public health
Sungkyu Lee
Public Health Affairs.2017; 1(1): 207. CrossRef

Public Health Challenges of Electronic Cigarettes in South Korea: Sungkyu Lee, Heejin Kimm, Ji Eun Yun, Sun Ha Jee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(6):235-241. Published online November 14, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.6.235

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Abstract PDF

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarrettes) were recently introduced and advertised as a smoking cession device in South Korea. As the social norm to quit smoking has gained hold in the country, the number of e-cigarette users is growing rapidly. This phenomenon should be urgently considered, because of the lack of research that has been conducted to examine the safety of e-cigarettes and its efficacy as a smoking cessation aid.

This paper raises several public health concerns on e-cigarettes in South Korea. Uncertain regulations of the government on e-cigarettes are contributing to an increase of e-cigarette users and allowing the e-cigarette industry to circumvent existing regulations. The aggressive marketing activity of this industry is also a core factor that is responsible for the rapid increase of e-cigarette use, in particular among the youth. Following the enforcement of tobacco control, some cigarette smokers may be encouraged to purchase e-cigarettes in order to circumvent the regulations, even though the dual use of e-cigarette and cigarette may be more harmful.

Until there is clear evidence of the e-cigarette's safety, it is recommended that the industry's marketing and promotional activities be banned and closely monitored, and public campaigns be initiated to educate the public regarding e-cigarettes.

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The Korean Prediction Model for Adolescents' Future Smoking Intentions.: Sungkyu Lee, Ji Eun Yun, Ja Kyoung Lee, Il Soon Kim, Sun Ha Jee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(4):283-291.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.4.283

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to develop a prediction model for future smoking intention among Korean adolescents aged 13 to 15 in order to identify the high risk group exposed to future smoking. METHODS: The data was collected from a total of 5940 students who participated in a self-administrated questionnaire of a cross-sectional school-based survey, the 2004 Korea Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify the relevant determinants associated with intentions of adolescents' future smoking. Receiver Operation Characteristic (ROC) assessment was applied to evaluate the explanation level of the developed prediction model. RESULTS: 8.4% of male and 7.2% of female participants show their intentions of future smoking. Among non-smoking adolescents; who have past smoking experience [odds ratio (OR) 2.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.92 - 3.88]; who have intentions of smoking when close friends offer a cigarette (OR 31.47; 95% CI = 21.50 - 46.05); and who have friends that are mostly smokers (OR 5.27; 95% CI = 2.85 - 9.74) are more likely to be smokers in the future. The prediction model developed from this study consists of five determinants; past smoking experience; parents smoking status; friends smoking status; ownership of a product with a cigarette brand logo; and intentions of smoking from close friends' cigarette offer. The area under the ROC curve was 0.8744 (95% CI=0.85 - 0.90) for current non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: For efficiency, school-based smoking prevention programs need to be designed to target the high risk group exposed to future smoking through the prediction model developed by the study, instead of implementing the programs for all the students.

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