Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Original Articles

Empowering Rural Housewives in Iran: Utilizing the Transtheoretical Model to Increase Physical Activity: Mahboobe Borhani, Zakieh Sadat Hosseini, Najme Shahabodin, Ali Mehri, Mohadese Kiani, Marzieh Abedi; J Prev Med Public Health. 2024;57(2):167-175. Published online January 31, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.457

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Objectives
Rural housewives are integral to household management and family care, yet their sedentary lifestyles present significant health risks. This study used the transtheoretical model (TTM) to investigate strategies that encourage and maintain regular exercise habits among rural housewives.
Methods
A semi-experimental study was conducted in 2021 with 114 housewives aged 30 to 59 who attended rural health centers in Gorgan, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Data collection involved a validated questionnaire that gathered demographic information and constructs of the TTM. The intervention group participated in a comprehensive educational program, which included four 60-minute sessions. Data were collected again 6 months post-intervention and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS version 21.
Results
The study encompassed women with an average age of 39.75±6.05 years, the majority of whom had educational levels below a diploma, and over 90% were married. We observed strong correlations between the processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance. At the outset, there were no significant differences in demographics or model structures between the 2 groups. However, 6 months post-intervention, the intervention group exhibited statistically significant differences in the mean scores of model structures, stages of change, and body mass index (<>p<0.05).
Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of physical activity training for rural housewives. The findings suggest that the educational intervention, which utilized the TTM, significantly impacted the participants’ model structures and their stages of change.

Summary

Key Message
The study aimed to investigate strategies for promoting and sustaining regular exercise habits among rural housewives using the transtheoretical model (TTM). A semi-experimental study was conducted with 114 housewives aged 30 to 59 in Iran. The intervention group received a comprehensive educational program, and after 6 months, they exhibited significant differences in model structures, stages of change, and body mass index compared to the control group. These findings underscore the importance of physical activity training for rural housewives and suggest that the educational intervention utilizing the TTM substantially impacted the participants' model structures and stages of change.

Citations

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The impact of training based on the transtheoretical model on increasing physical activity in overweight and obese housewives
Tayebeh Rakhshani, Zahra Jalalpour, Mohsen Jafari, Samira Taravatmanesh, Amirhossein Kamyab, Ali Khani Jeihooni
BMC Women's Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Lifestyle interventions to reduce non-communicable disease risk in female secondary school teachers of Islamabad; a quasi-experimental mixed-methods protocol
Zoha Imtiaz Malik, Shaheer Ellahi Khan, Abdul Momin Rizwan Ahmad
Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The effect of trans-theoretical model stage-matched intervention on medication adherence in hypertensive patients
Kamran Saeidi, Tina Ghavami, Soodeh Shahsavari, Soraya Siabani, Fatemeh Rajati
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

A Peer-support Mini-counseling Model to Improve Treatment in HIV-positive Pregnant Women in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: Artha Camellia, Plamularsih Swandari, Gusni Rahma, Tuti Parwati Merati, I Made Bakta, Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(3):238-247. Published online April 11, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.516

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Low adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the risk of virus transmission from mother to newborn. Increasing mothers’ knowledge and motivation to access treatment has been identified as a critical factor in prevention. Therefore, this research aimed to explore barriers and enablers in accessing HIV care and treatment services.
Methods
This research was the first phase of a mixed-method analysis conducted in Kupang, a remote city in East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Samples were taken by purposive sampling of 17 people interviewed, consisting of 6 mothers with HIV, 5 peer facilitators, and 6 health workers. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, observations, and document review. Inductive thematic analysis was also performed. The existing data were grouped into several themes, then relationships and linkages were drawn from each group of informants.
Results
Barriers to accessing care and treatment were lack of knowledge about the benefits of ARV; stigma from within and the surrounding environment; difficulty in accessing services due to distance, time, and cost; completeness of administration; drugs’ side effects; and the quality of health workers and HIV services.
Conclusions
There was a need for a structured and integrated model of peer support to improve ARV uptake and treatment in pregnant women with HIV. This research identified needs including mini-counseling sessions designed to address psychosocial barriers as an integrated approach to support antenatal care that can effectively assist HIV-positive pregnant women in improving treatment adherence.

Summary

Citations

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The Childbirth Experience of Pregnant Women Living with HIV Virus
Andréa Paula de Azevedo, Luisa Castro, Cristina Barroso Hofer, Francisca Rego
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(6): 1975. CrossRef
Manifestation and Markings of HIV Stigma in Indonesia: A Scoping Review
Ni Kadek Sudastri, Luh Putu Lila Wulandari, Pande Putu Januraga
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2025; 22(6): 840. CrossRef
Letter to the Editor: Supporting the Sick and the Vulnerable
Fides A. del Castillo
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 392. CrossRef
Author Response: Supporting the Sick and the Vulnerable
Artha Camellia, Gusni Rahma
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 394. CrossRef

Brief Report

How Well Do U.S. Primary Care and Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinicians Screen for Pregnancy Complications at Well Woman Visits? A Retrospective Cohort Study: Eli D. Medvescek, Sorana Raiciulescu, Andrew S. Thagard, Katerina Shvartsman; J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(2):190-195. Published online March 15, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.492

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Abstract PDF: Objectives
Pregnancy complications, including pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes (GDM), and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs), impact long-term health. We compared the frequency of screening documentation for pregnancy complications versus a general medical history at well woman visits between providers in primary care and obstetrics and gynecology.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of subjects with at least 1 prior birth who presented for a well woman visit in 2019-2020. Charts were reviewed for documentation of a general medical history (hypertension, diabetes, and mood disorders) versus screening for comparable obstetric complications (pre-eclampsia, GDM, and PMADs). The results were compared using the McNemar and chi-square tests as appropriate.
Results
In total, 472 encounters were identified, and 137 met the inclusion criteria. Across specialties, clinicians were significantly more likely to document general medical conditions than pregnancy complications, including hypertensive disorders (odds ratio [OR], 2.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 5.48), diabetes (OR, 7.67; 95% CI, 3.27 to 22.0), and mood disorders (OR, 10.5; 95% CI, 3.81 to 40.3). Obstetrics and gynecology providers were more likely to document any pregnancy history (OR, 4.50; 95% CI, 1.24 to 16.27); however, they were not significantly more likely to screen for relevant obstetric complications (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 0.90 to 6.89). Overall, the rate of pregnancy complication documentation was low in primary care and obstetrics and gynecology clinics (8.8 and 19.0%, respectively).
Conclusions
Obstetrics and gynecology providers more frequently documented a pregnancy history than those in primary care; however, the rate was low across specialties, and providers reported screening for clinically relevant complications less frequently than for general medical conditions.; Summary

Original Article

Antenatal Care Services and Incidence of Low Birth Weight: A Comparison of Demographic and Health Surveys in 4 ASEAN Countries: Miftahul Arsyi, Besral Besral, Milla Herdayati, Revati Phalkey; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(6):559-567. Published online November 13, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.316

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the effect of complete coverage and content of available antenatal care (ANC) on the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in 4 countries belonging to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
Methods
Measures of complete coverage and content of ANC services included the frequency of ANC visits and the seven service components (blood pressure measurement, iron supplementation, tetanus toxoid immunization, explanations of pregnancy complications, urine sample test, blood sample test, and weight measurement). The complete coverage and content of ANC services were assessed as high if more than 4 ANC visits and all seven components were delivered. Multivariable logistic regression with complex survey designs was conducted using Demographic Health Survey data from the 4 ASEAN countries in question from 2014 to 2017.
Results
The proportion of LBW infants was higher in the Philippines (13.8%) than in Indonesia (6.7%), Cambodia (6.7%), or Myanmar (7.5%). Poor ANC services were associated with a 1.30 times higher incidence of LBW than a high level of complete coverage and content of ANC services (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 1.52). In addition, the risk of LBW was higher in the Philippines than in other countries (aOR, 2.25; 95% CI, 2.01 to 2.51) after adjusting for mothers’ demographic/socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, and other factors.
Conclusions
In sum, complete coverage and content of ANC services were significantly associated with the incidence of LBW in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Myanmar. The Philippines did not show statistically significant results for this relationship, but had a higher risk of LBW with poor ANC.

Summary

Citations

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Samra Khan, Falak Naz Baloch, Rabia Bosan, Aiman Khan, Muneeba Khan, Zakir Ali Punar, Zobia Munaf
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Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight Among Under‐Five Children in Sub‐Saharan Africa: Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys of 58,857 Children
Sulaimon T. Adedokun, Sanni Yaya
Health Science Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Synergistic associations of antenatal care visits and iron-folic acid supplementation with low birth weight: a pooled analysis of national surveys from six south Asian countries
Vishnu Khanal, Sangita Bista, Shiva Raj Mishra
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The association of Chinese and American antenatal care utilization indices with birth outcomes
Haibo Zhou, Yi Yang, Peihan Chi, Haoyue Cheng, Xialidan Alifu, Yiwen Qiu, Ye Huang, Libi Zhang, Diliyaer Ainiwan, Yan Zhuang, Hui Liu, Zhi Chen, Yunxian Yu
Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship of sociodemographic factors and low birth weight in toddlers
Nikmatur Rohmah, Indah Wulandari, Agil Khoironi Firdaus, Nabilah Auliya, Novannisa Imanda, Dwi Ningtyas Anggraini
Frontiers of Nursing.2024; 11(4): 479. CrossRef
Effect of the enhancing nutrition and antenatal infection treatment (ENAT) intervention on birth weight in Ethiopia: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Y Mekonnen, E Wolde, A Bekele, Z Mehari, S Abebe, T Hagos, Y Tadesse, T Taye, G Asire, T Nigatu, S Kumar, S Girma, M Salasibew
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Compliance with the World Health Organization’s 2016 prenatal care contact recommendation reduces the incidence rate of adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women in northern Ghana
Leticia Achangebe Akum, Eunice Amina Offei, Mary Rachael Kpordoxah, Daudi Yeboah, Abdul-Nasir Issah, Michael Boah, Sanjoy Kumer Dey
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(6): e0285621. CrossRef

Brief Report

Effects of Forest Therapy on Psychological Improvement in Middle-aged Women in Korea: Bum-Jin Park, Won-Sop Shin, Chang-Seob Shin, Poung-Sik Yeon, Chung-Yeub Chung, Si-Hyung Lee, Dong-Jun Kim, Youn-Hee Kim, Chang-Eun Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(5):492-497. Published online September 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.086

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Women experience more stress in middle age than in other periods of their lives. Therefore, health management programs that enable middle-aged women to cope with and manage stress are needed. This study investigated the psychological effects of a meditation-focused forest therapy program among 53 middle-aged women living in urban areas in Korea.
Methods
Participants were divided into 2 groups: one group underwent the program for 3 days in a forest, followed by 3 days in an urban environment, and the other group underwent the program for 3 days in the urban environment, followed by 3 days in the forest. The psychological effects of the forest therapy program were evaluated using the Profile of Mood States-Brief (POMS-B). Differences in mood state before and after the program conducted in the forest (experimental group) and in the urban environment (control group) were evaluated using the paired-samples t-test.
Results
The program in the forest significantly reduced tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion among the domains of the POMS-B. The program in the urban area significantly reduced tension, but not depression, anger, fatigue, or confusion.
Conclusions
Meditation-focused forest therapy programs are expected to contribute to promoting psychological health and enhancing the quality of life of middle-aged women.

Summary

Korean summary
중년 여성이 건강을 관리할 수 있는 프로그램이 필요하다. 이 연구는 명상 중심의 산림치유 프로그램이 중년 여성의 심리적 건강 증진에 효과적인지 검증하기 위해 프로그램 시행 전후에 참가자의 기분상태(POMS-B)를 측정하여 비교하였다. 결과에 의하면 긴장, 우울, 분노, 피곤, 혼돈이 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다.

Citations

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Effects of forest and simulated nature meditation on university students’ well-being
Yawei Wei, Won Sop Shin, Michael Lee, Tahia Devisscher, Guangyu Wang
Journal of Forestry Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The influence of forest characteristics on psychological well-being: an analysis based on immersive virtual reality
S. Sacchelli, E. Barbierato, S. Baldessari, F. Becheri, A. Cerutti, S. Notaro, S. Righi, A. Paletto, I. Bernetti
Trees, Forests and People.2025; 22: 101003. CrossRef
Benefits of forest therapy for adult mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Profile of Mood States (POMS)
Xueyan Shang, Jiahao Lu, Meng Tao, Cheng Fei, Jiaming Fei
Frontiers in Psychology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Anti-Aging Standard Forest Healing Program With Multiple Visits to a Forest Facility on Cognition in Older Age Patients
Jinseok Park, Sheng-Min Wang, Dong Woo Kang, Beom Lee, Hojin Choi
Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders.2024; 23(1): 44. CrossRef
Supporting Wellness, Resilience, and Community With Forest Therapy
Susan A Abookire, Sujata G Ayala, Nancy A Shadick
Global Advances in Integrative Medicine and Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
3D built virtual arctic environment increase vigor through connectedness in older people
Davide Clemente, Luciano Romano, Claudia Russo, Giuseppe Carrus, Angelo Panno
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Impact of Forest Therapy Programs on Stress Reduction: A Systematic Review
Yawei Zhang, Lu Feng, Wenjie Duan
Forests.2023; 14(9): 1851. CrossRef

Original Articles

Women’s Empowerment Facilitates Complete Immunization in Indonesian Children: A Cross-sectional Study: Gede Benny Setia Wirawan, Ni Luh Zallila Gustina, Putu Harrista Indra Pramana, Made Yuliantari Dwi Astiti, Jovvita Jonathan, Fitriana Melinda, Teo Wijaya; J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(2):193-204. Published online March 8, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.592

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The primary objective of this study was to examine the effect of women’s empowerment on the immunization of Indonesian children. The secondary objective was to examine the effect of wealth as a factor modifying this association.
Methods
We utilized data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). The subjects were married women with children aged 12-23 months (n=3532). Complete immunization was defined using the 2017 IDHS definition. Multiple components of women’s empowerment were measured: enabling resources, decision-making involvement, and attitude toward intimate partner violence. The primary analysis was conducted using binomial logistic regression. Model 1 represented only the indicators of women’s empowerment and model 2 controlled for socio-demographic variables. Subgroup analyses were conducted for each wealth group.
Results
The primary analysis using model 1 identified several empowerment indicators that facilitated complete immunization. The analysis using model 2 found that maternal education and involvement in decision-making processes facilitated complete immunization in children. Subgroup analyses identified that wealth had a modifying effect. The indicators of women’s empowerment were strong determinants of complete immunization in lower wealth quintiles but insignificant in middle-income and higher-income quintiles.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this study is the first to explore women’s empowerment as a determinant of child immunization in Indonesia. The results indicate that women’s empowerment must be considered in Indonesia’s child immunization program. Women’s empowerment was not found to be a determinant in higher wealth quintiles, which led us to rethink the conceptual framework of the effect of women’s empowerment on health outcomes.

Summary

Citations

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Public and private antenatal care access and utilisation as determinants of triple antenatal test for HIV, syphilis, and HBV: Evidence from the Indonesian Health Survey
Gede Benny Setia Wirawan, Angela Kelly-Hanku, Rabiah Al Adawiyah, Alegra Wolter, Benjamin Hegarty, Yuyun Yuniar, Rinaldi Ridwan, Pande Putu Januraga, Heny Lestary, Luh Putu Lila Wulandari
Women and Birth.2026; 39(1): 102153. CrossRef
Factors associated with decision-making autonomy in healthcare utilization among married women from the Indonesia demographic health survey 2017
Sofa D. Alfian, Meliana Griselda, Mochammad A. A. Pratama, Sameer Alshehri, Rizky Abdulah
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessing the joint effects of education, economic status, empowerment, and employment (4Es) disparities on the co-coverage of maternal, newborn and child health care services in sub-Saharan Africa: an application of the intersectionality approach
Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Lucresse Corine Fassinou, Mahaman Lawali Inoussa Garba, Abdoulaye Maïga, Scott L Zeger, Agbessi Amouzou
Journal of Global Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The behavioral and social drivers of HPV vaccination among parents and young people in Indonesia: a scoping review
Aisya Athifa, Yasmin Mohamed, Isabella Overmars, Margie Danchin, Jessica Kaufman
Cancer Causes & Control.2025; 36(11): 1275. CrossRef
Of Money and Men: A Scoping Review to Map Gender Barriers to Immunization Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Anna Kalbarczyk, Natasha Brownlee, Elizabeth Katz
Vaccines.2024; 12(6): 625. CrossRef
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Gede Benny Setia Wirawan, Ngakan Putu Anom Harjana, Nur Wulan Nugrahani, Pande Putu Januraga
Vaccines.2022; 10(5): 724. CrossRef

The Effect of an Empowerment Program on the Health-promoting Behaviors of Iranian Women Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial: Fatemeh Noori, Zahra Behboodimoghadam, Shima Haghani, Shahzad Pashaeypoor; J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(4):275-283. Published online June 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.088

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The workplace is an ideal place for encouraging health-promoting behaviors. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of an empowerment program on the health-promoting behaviors of women workers.
Methods
This randomized clinical trial was conducted with 80 women workers employed at a food packaging facility in 2020. The subjects were selected using convenience sampling and were classified into intervention and control groups using block randomization. An empowerment program for women workers was conducted across 6 sessions based on an empowerment model. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II, which participants completed both before the program and 8 weeks after the last session. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using descriptive analysis and inferential statistics.
Results
There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in various health-promoting behaviors before the program. However, the intervention group’s scores for nutrition (34.92±1.09 vs. 27.87±4.23), physical activity (24.40±2.94 vs. 17.40±5.03), stress management (26.35±2.60 vs. 23.05±4.27), spiritual growth (34.02±3.00 vs. 30.22±5.40), interpersonal relationships (30.82±2.38 vs. 27.60±4.61), and health responsibility (31.60±2.71 vs. 28.22±4.59) were significantly higher than the control group’s 8 weeks after the program had ended. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the total score of health-promoting behaviors for the intervention group compared to the control group (179.00±9.22 vs. 151.42±20.25, p=0.001).
Conclusions
An empowerment program for women workers led to significant improvements in the health-promoting behaviors of the participants. Similar programs can ultimately improve women’s health in the workplace.

Summary

Citations

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Effectiveness of Physical Activity-Led Workplace Health Promotion Interventions: A Systematic Review
Shichao Zhang, Mingjian Nie, Jiale Peng, Hong Ren
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Acceptability of a Colorectal Cancer-Preventive Diet Promoting Red Meat Reduction and Increased Fiber and Micronutrient Intake: A Cross-Sectional Study in Romanian Adults
Marius-Cătălin Belean, Teodor-Andrei Maghiar, Anca-Maria Căpraru, Andreea-Adriana Neamțu, Dan Iliescu, Valentin-Cristian Iovin, Flaviu-Ionuț Faur, Meda-Ada Bugi, Alina Totorean, Sorina Tăban, Sorin Dema, Cristina-Adriana Dehelean, Bogdan Dan Totolici, Ovi
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Jianglin Huang, Qiaoqiao Lv, Xiaojin Zeng
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Aspen E. Streetman, Rachel L. Walden, Colin J. Orr, William J. Heerman
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Aidan John Buffey, Christina Kate Langley, Brian P Carson, Alan E Donnelly, Jon Salsberg
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Associations of Handgrip Strength and Handgrip Strength Asymmetry With Depression in the Elderly in Korea: A Cross-sectional Study: Kyungduk Hurh, Yoonsik Park, Gyu Ri Kim, Sung-In Jang, Eun-Cheol Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(1):63-72. Published online December 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.315

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Abstract Summary PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Recent studies have suggested that assessing handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry together with HGS may be helpful for evaluating problems in geriatric patients. This study aimed to identify whether HGS asymmetry, weakness, or both were associated with depression in Korean older adults.
Methods
This study included 4274 subjects from the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The maximum HGS of the dominant hand was used as a representative value. HGS symmetry was categorized by the ratio of the HGS of the dominant hand to that of non-dominant hand. The odds ratio (OR) for depression was calculated according to the HGS and its symmetry.
Results
In total, 240 (12.5%) men and 534 (22.7%) women had depression. HGS or HGS asymmetry showed no statistically significant associations with depression in elderly men. Elevated odds of depression were observed in elderly women with low HGS (OR, 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33 to 2.81) or prominent HGS asymmetry (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.08). There was a positive additive interaction between asymmetric HGS and weakness, as women with low and prominently asymmetric HGS showed higher odds of depression (OR, 3.77; 95% CI, 2.16 to 6.59) than women with high and symmetric HGS.
Conclusions
Depression in elderly Korean women was associated with both low and asymmetric HGS. Our findings support the potential value of HGS asymmetry as an indicator of HGS.

Summary

Korean summary
본 연구에서는 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여, 국내 60세 이상 노인 인구에서 악력 저하 및 양손 악력의 비대칭과 우울증 유병과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 60세 이상 여성에서 악력 저하 및 양손 악력의 비대칭이 우울증 유병과 관련이 있었으며, 악력 저하와 비대칭이 동반된 경우에는 우울증 유병에 대하여 상가작용이 존재하였다. 이는 향후 노인의 악력 측정 시, 양손 악력의 비대칭에 대하여도 주목할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

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Perspective

Group Antenatal Care: A Paradigm Shift to Explore for Positive Impacts in Resource-poor Settings: Bhanu Pratap Singh Gaur, Jyothi Vasudevan, Bhabani Pegu; J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(1):81-84. Published online December 8, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.349

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Abstract PDF

The delivery of high-quality antenatal care is a perennial global concern for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. Antenatal care is currently provided mainly on a one-to-one basis, but growing evidence has emerged to support the effectiveness of group antenatal care. Providing care in a small group gives expectant mothers the opportunity to have discussions with their peers about certain issues and concerns that are unique to them and to form a support system that will improve the quality and utilization of antenatal care services. The aim of this article is to promote group antenatal care as a means to increase utilization of healthcare.

Summary

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Original Articles

Role of Information and Communication Technology and Women’s Empowerment in Contraceptive Discontinuation in Indonesia: Omas Bulan Samosir, Ayke Soraya Kiting, Flora Aninditya; J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(2):117-125. Published online February 12, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.300

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study investigated the role of information and communication technology and women’s empowerment in contraceptive discontinuation in Indonesia.
Methods
The study used data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey and monthly contraceptive calendar data. A Gompertz proportional hazards model was used for analysis.
Results
The 12-month contraceptive discontinuation rate was higher among women who had used the Internet in the past year, women who were mobile phone owners, and women who reported having fully participated in household decision-making than among their counterparts. These factors significantly impacted the risk of contraceptive discontinuation in Indonesia, even after controlling for contraceptive method, age, parity, contraceptive intent, education, work status, place of residence, and wealth status.
Conclusions
After adjustment for the control variables, a higher risk of contraceptive discontinuation was associated with having used the Internet in the past year, owning a mobile phone, and not participating in household decision-making. Higher contraceptive discontinuation risk was also associated with using contraceptive pills, older age, lower parity, intent of spacing births, more education, current unemployment, and rural residence, and the risk was also significantly higher for those in the lowest household wealth quintile than for those in the fourth household wealth quintile. The association of contraceptive discontinuation with the use of modern information and communication technology and relatively disempowerment in household decision-making may imply that information regarding family planning and contraception should be conveyed via social media as part of setting up an eHealth system. This must include a strong communication strategy to empower and educate women in contraceptive decision-making.

Summary

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Factors Affecting Breast Self-examination Behavior Among Female Healthcare Workers in Iran: The Role of Social Support Theory: saeed bashirian, Majid Barati, Leila Moaddab Shoar, Younes Mohammadi, Mitra Dogonchi; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(4):224-233. Published online June 26, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.277

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
In women, breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. Screening tests are the basis for early diagnosis. In Iranian women, the mortality rate of breast cancer is high due to insufficient screening examinations and delayed visits for care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors affecting breast self-examinations among Iranian women employed in medical careers.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 501 women working in the medical professions at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in western Iran in 2018. The subjects were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed, self-report questionnaire that contained demographic information and questions based on protection motivation theory and social support theory. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23 and model fitting with PLS version 2.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 37.1±8.3 years, and most of the women (80.4%) were married. Most women had a bachelor’s degree (67.5%). The findings of this study showed that the coping appraisal construct was a predictor of protection motivation (β=0.380, p<0.05), and protection motivation (β=0.604, p<0.05) was a predictor of breast self-examination behavior. Additionally, social support theory (β=0.202, p<0.05) had a significant positive effect on breast self-examination behavior.
Conclusions
The frequency of practicing self-examinations among women employees in the medical sector was low; considering the influence of social support as a factor promoting screening, it is necessary to pay attention to influential people in women’s lives when designing educational interventions.

Summary

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Factors Associated With Stillbirth Among Pregnant Women in Nepal: Mahesh Bhusal, Nirmal Gautam, Apiradee Lim, Phattrawan Tongkumchum; J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(3):154-160. Published online April 24, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.270

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Stillbirth is a common adverse pregnancy outcome that represents a distressing and traumatic event for women and their partners. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with stillbirth in ever-pregnant women in Nepal.
Methods
This study utilized the individual women’s dataset from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, conducted in 2016. The dependent variable of interest was whether women had at least 1 stillbirth during their lifetime. The associations between independent variables and the dependent variable of the study were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression model.
Results
Among 8918 ever-pregnant women aged 15-49 years, 488 had experienced at least 1 stillbirth during their lifetime, representing 5.5% of the total. After adjusting each factor for the confounding effects of other factors, maternal age, maternal education, place of residence, and sub-region remained significantly associated with having experienced stillbirth.
Conclusions
Stillbirth continues to be a major problem among women, especially those with higher maternal age, those who are illiterate, and residents of certain geographical regions. To minimize stillbirth in Nepal, plans and policies should be focused on women with low education levels and residents of rural areas, especially in the western mountain and far-western hill regions.

Summary

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Determinants of stillbirth in Felege-Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North-west, Ethiopia, 2019
Daniel Tarekegn Worede, Gizachew Worku Dagnew
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Concordance in the Health Behaviors of Couples by Age: A Cross-sectional Study: Seungmin Jeong, Sung-Il Cho; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(1):6-14. Published online November 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.137

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
To investigate concordance in the health behaviors of women and their partners according to age and to investigate whether there was a stronger correlation between the health behaviors of housewives and those of their partners than between the health behaviors of non-housewives and those of their partners.
Methods
We used data obtained from women participants in the 2015 Korea Community Health Survey who were living with their partners. The outcome variables were 4 health behaviors: smoking, drinking, eating salty food, and physical activity. The main independent variables were the partners’ corresponding health behaviors. We categorized age into 4 groups (19-29, 30-49, 50-64, and ≥ 65 years) and utilized multivariate logistic regression analysis, stratifying by age group. Another logistic regression analysis was stratified by whether the participant identified as a housewife.
Results
Data from 64 971 women older than 18 years of age were analyzed. Of the 4 health behaviors, the risk of smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.93 to 5.49) was highest when the participant’s partner was also a smoker. Similar results were found for an inactive lifestyle (aOR, 2.56; 95% CI, 2.45 to 2.66), eating salty food (aOR, 2.48; 95% CI, 2.36 to 2.62); and excessive drinking (aOR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.80 to 1.98). In comparison to non-housewives, housewives had higher odds of eating salty food.
Conclusions
The health behaviors of women were positively correlated with those of their partners. The magnitude of the concordance differed by age group.

Summary

Citations

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Trends in Gender-based Health Inequality in a Transitional Society: A Historical Analysis of South Korea: Heeran Chun, Sung-Il Cho, Young-Ho Khang, Minah Kang, Il-Ho Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2012;45(2):113-121. Published online March 31, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.2.113

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

This study examined the trends in gender disparity in the self-rated health of people aged 25 to 64 in South Korea, a rapidly changing society, with specific attention to socio-structural inequality.

Methods

Representative sample data were obtained from six successive, nationwide Social Statistics Surveys of the Korean National Statistical Office performed during 1992 to 2010.

Results

The results showed a convergent trend in poor self-rated health between genders since 1992, with a sharper decline in gender disparity observed in younger adults (aged 25 to 44) than in older adults (aged 45 to 64). The diminishing gender gap seemed to be attributable to an increase in women's educational attainment levels and to their higher status in the labor market.

Conclusions

The study indicated the importance of equitable social opportunities for both genders for understanding the historical trends in the gender gap in the self-reported health data from South Korea.

Summary

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English Abstracts

The Association Between Apolipoprotein E Genotype and Lipid Profiles in Healthy Woman Workers.: Kieun Moon, Sook Hee Sung, Youn Koun Chang, Il Keun Park, Yun Mi Paek, Soo Geun Kim, Tae In Choi, Young Woo Jin; J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(3):213-221.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.3.213

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
Plasma lipid profiles and Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The knowledge of lipid profile may estimate the potential victims of cardiovascular disease before its initiation and progression and offers the opportunity for primary prevention. The most common ApoE polymorphism has been found to influence plasma lipid concentrations and its correlation with CVD has been extensively investigated in the last decade. METHODS: The ApoE polymorphism and its influence on plasma lipid were investigated in healthy woman workers. The information on confounding factors was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire and ApoE polymorphism was investigated using PCR. RESULTS: The relative frequencies of alleles E2, E3 and E4 for the study population (n=305) were 0.127, 0.750 and 0.121, respectively. ApoE polymorphism was associated with variations in plasma HDL-cholesterol lipid profile. In order to estimate the independent effects of alleles E2 and E4, as compared with E3, on lipid profile, multiple regression was performed after adjustment for confounding variables such as age, BMI, blood pressure, education status, insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, menopause. ApoE2 had a negative association with HDL cholesterol and ApoE4 had a positive association with LDL cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified that the ApoE and CVD risk factors contribute to the lipid profiles, similar to other studies. The analysis including dietary intake and other gene in further studies may help to identify clear effects on lipid profiles as risk factor for CVD.

Summary

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Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2023; 55(2): 113. CrossRef
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Biomedical Science Letters.2017; 23(2): 118. CrossRef
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Employment and Married Women's Health in Korea; Beneficial or Harmful?.: Il Ho Kim, Heeran Chun; J Prev Med Public Health. 2009;42(5):323-330.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2009.42.5.323

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Abstract PDF

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate whether working married women in different occupational classes affected diverse health outcomes. METHODS: We used data for married women aged 25-59 (N=2,273) from the 2005 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Outcome measures included physical/mental and subjective/objective indicators (self-rated poor health, chronic diseases, depression, and suicidal ideation from reported results; metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia from health examination results). Age-standardized prevalence and logistic regression were employed to assess health status according to three types of working groups (housewives, married women in manual jobs, married women in non-manual jobs). Sociodemographic factors (age, numbers of children under 7, education, household income) and health behaviors (health examination, sleep, rest, exercise, smoking, drinking) and a psychological factor (stress) were considered as covariates. RESULTS: Non-manual married female workers in Korea showed better health status in all five health outcomes than housewives. The positive health effect for the non-manual group persisted in absolute (age-adjusted prevalence) and relative (odds ratio) measures, but multivariate analyses showed an insignificant association of the non-manual group with dyslipidemia. Manual female workers showed significantly higher age-adjusted prevalence of almost all health outcomes than housewives except chronic disease, but the associations disappeared after further adjustment for covariates regarding sleep, rest, and stress. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that examining the health impact of work on married women requires the consideration of occupational class.

Summary

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Gender, Professional and Non-Professional Work, and the Changing Pattern of Employment-Related Inequality in Poor Self-Rated Health, 1995-2006 in South Korea
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Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2011; 44(1): 22. CrossRef
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Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2010; 43(3): 213. CrossRef

Original Articles

Maternal Working Conditions on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study.: Jung Jin Cho, Ji Yong Kim, Jin Joo Chung, Kyung Sim Ko; Korean J Prev Med. 2002;35(3):197-204.

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the association between working conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Korea. METHODS: We obtained data on health history, lifestyle, housework and working conditions, such as shift work, hours standing, working time, job demand, lifting at work and at home, between August and September 2000, from self-reported questionnaires. A group of 344, occupationally active, pregnant women from 51 industries were studied. Of the women studied, 328 women were further interviewed by telephone between November 2000 and September 2001. Result : Compared with daytime work, shift work increased the risk for preterm birth (an adjusted risk ratio of 2.74, 95% CI=1.02-2.62) and low birth weight (an adjusted risk ratio of 2.74, 95% CI=1.02-2.62). A significantly increased risk was found for prolonged standing, with an adjusted risk ratio of preterm births of 6.80 (95% CI=2.01-23.0). There were no significant differences in the incidence of spontaneous abortion between the occupational working conditions, with the exception of a previous history of spontaneous abortion. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that maternal working conditions, such as shift work and prolonged standing, contribute significantly to preterm birth and low birth weight.; Summary

Decision-making process and satisfaction of pregnant women for delivery method.: Hae Ri Jun, Jung Han Park, Soon Woo Park, Chang Kyu Huh, Soon Gu Hwang; Korean J Prev Med. 1998;31(4):751-769.

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Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to assess the attitude of pregnant women toward delivery method, understanding of the reason for determining her own delivery method, participation in decision-making process and satisfaction with delivery method after labor. Study subjects were 693 pregnant women who had visited obstetric clinic for prenatal care in the last month of pregnancy in one general hospital and one obstetrics-gynecology specialty hospital in Taegu city from February 1 to March 31 in 1998. A questionnaire was administered before and after labor and a telephone interview was done one month after labor. Proportion of women who had health education and/or counselling about delivery method during prenatal care was 24.0% and this proportion was higher for women who had previous c-section(35.5%) than others. Women thought vaginal delivery is better than c-section for both maternal and baby's health regardless of previous delivery method. About 90% of primipara and multiparous women who had previous vaginal delivery wanted vaginal delivery for the index birth, while 85.6% of multiparous women who had previous c-section wanted repeat c-section. Reasons for choosing c-section in pregnant women who preferred vaginal delivery before labor were recommendation of doctors(81.9%), recommendation of husband(0.8%), agreement between doctor and pregnant woman(4.7%), and mother's demand(12.6%). Reasons for choosing vaginal delivery were mother's demand(30.6%) and no indication for c-section(67.2%). Reasons for choosing c-section in pregnant women who preferred c-section before labor were recommendation of doctors(76.2%), mother's demand(20.0%), recommendation of husband(1.3%), and agreement between doctor and pregnant woman(2.5%). Of the pregnant women who had c-section, by doctor's recommendation, the proportion of women who had heard detailed explanation about reason for c-section by doctor was 55.1%. Mother's statement about the reason for c-section was consistent with the medical record in 75.9%. However, over 5% points disparities were shown between mother's statement and medical record in cases of the repeat c-section and mother's demand. In primipara and multiparous women who had previous vaginal delivery, the delivery method for index birth had statistically significant association with the preference of delivery method before labor(p<0.05). All of the women who had previous c-section had delivered the index baby by c-section. Among mothers who had delivered the index baby vaginally, 84.9% of them were satisfied with their delivery method immediately after labor and 85.1% at 1 month after labor. However, mothers who had c-section stated that they are satisfied with c-section in 44.6% immediately after labor and 42.0% at 1 month after labor. Preferred delivery method for the next birth had statistically significant association with delivery method for the index birth both immediately after labor and in 1 month after labor. The proportion of mothers who prefer vaginal delivery for the next birth increased with the degree of satisfaction with the vaginal delivery for the index birth but the proportion of mothers who prefer c-section for the next birth was high and they did not change significantly with the degree of satisfaction with the c-section for the index birth. These results suggest that the current high technology-based, physician-centered prenatal and partritional cares need to be reoriented to the basic preventive and promotive technology-based, and mother-fetus-centered care. It is also suggested that active involvement of pregnant woman in decision-making process for the delivery method will increase the rate of vaginal birth after c-section and decrease c-section rate and improve the degree of maternal satisfaction after delivery.; Summary

A Seroepidemiologic Study on Rubella Antibody in Pregnant Women in Kyonggi Do.: Moran Ki, Boyoul Choi, Young Jeon Shin, Hung Bae Park, Bae Joong Youn, Joong Surk Hahn; Korean J Prev Med. 1997;30(2):279-292.

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Abstract PDF: The vaccinations of susceptible children and postpubertal females are the major means to prevent congenital rubella syndrome(CRS). Another means for reducing the CRS is therapeutic abortion or fetal monitoring for women who are infected in the first four months of pregnancy. We couldnt estimate the incidence of CRS in Korea, because there was no surveillance system for rubella and CRS. Nationwide vaccination program for 15months infant had been started early 1980s. So, most women at childbearing age during study period were not received rubella vaccination. We set forth CRS management system for pregnant women in two rural county of Kyonggi province, Korea. In this system, the presence of rubella IgG and IgM antibodies for early pregnant women were examined with MEIA(Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay) method by IMx automated analyzer Abbott. The infected pregnant women followed up in order to confirm their children CRS. This study was carried out from Mar.1993 to Jun.1994, and pregnant women examined were 874 persons. The results were summarized as follows. The overall positive rate of rubella IgG antibody was 94.5%(826/874). The positive rate was significantly increase as the age increased, and reached 100% in pregnant women who were over 35 years old. This results suggest that a meaningful number of women are infected during childbearing years. The geometric mean titer of IgG of sero-positive subjects was significantly declined as the age increased. On the question about history of URI symptoms and rash in pregnancy, 20.7% of respondents checked on URI symptoms with rash, 13.5% only URI symptoms without rash, and 65.8% no symptoms. However there was no demonstrable association between the rubella like infection history in pregnancy and the rubella IgG and IgM antibody status. Rubella infection rate in pregnant women was 0.9%(95% CI 0.4-1.8%). Two of these 8 infected pregnancies were terminated by therapeutic abortion. One of them was not followed. Five babies had no gross anomalies at birth. In Dec.1996, three of five babies were normal appeared infants. Two of them were not followed. Throughout this study results, we confirmed the need of CRS management system for pregnant women, in Korea.; Summary

Nationwide Incidence Estimation of Uterine Cervix Cancer among Korean Women.: Byung Joo Park, Moo Song Lee, Yoon Ok Ahn, Young Min Choi, Yeong Su Ju, Keun Young Yoo, Hun Kim, Ha Seung Yew, Tae Soo Park; Korean J Prev Med. 1996;29(4):843-852.

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Abstract PDF: To estimate the incidence of uterine cervix cancer among Korean women, we have conducted a study using the claim data on the beneficiaries of Korea Medical Insurance Corporation(KMIC). All medical records of the potential cases with diagnosis of ICD-9 180, 181, 182, 199, 219, 233 in the claims sent by medical care institutions in the whole country to the KMIC from January 1988 to December 1989, were abstracted and Gynecology specialist reviewed the records to identify the new cases of uterine cervix cancer among the potential cases during the corresponding period. Using these data, the incidence of uterine cervix cancer among Korean women was estimated as of July 1, 1988 to June 30, 1989. The crude rate was estimated to be 17.34(95% CI: 16.76~17.92) per 100,000 and the cumulative rates for the ages 0~64 and 0~74 were 1.7% and 2.2%, respectively. The age-adjusted rate for the world population was 19.93 per 100,000 which was higher than those of other Asian countries including China and Japan in 1983~1987. The truncated rate for ages 35~64 was 52.05 per 100,000 which was one of the highest in the world. With increasing age, the incidence rate increased to 78.11 per 100,000 in women aged 55~59 years, then it decreased in the older groups. This finding suggests that detecting rate of uterine cervix cancer may decrease in women aged 60 years or older due to detecting rate of uterine cervix cancer may decrease in women aged 60 years or older due to inadequate medical care seeking behavior. In the geographical area, the SIR of Jeju province was significantly low but it might be due to statistical unstability by small case numbers.; Summary

Maternal risk factors associated with the low birth weight.: Hyung Cheol Park, Jong Park, Youn Ji Lee, Gang Moon; Korean J Prev Med. 1991;24(3):356-362.

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Abstract PDF: This study was performed to identify there maternal risk factors for the low birth weight. During the period from February to June in 1991, the medical record review and questionnaire interview were conducted upon the 465 pregnant women who were admitted to and delivered a baby in 3 general hospitals and an obstetric hospital in Kwangju area. The health and other related information from women who bore the low birth weight infant was compared with those from women who bore the normal birth weight infant. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Maternal age, low body weight at term, illegitimate birth, and maintaining work activity during pregnancy were positively associated with low birth weight. 2. The positive association was revealed between low birth weight and the previous abortion, short gestational weeks, anemia, low maternal weight gain during pregnancy, the obstetric present illness and hypertension. 3. Some maternal working conditions were associated with low birth weight although statistically not significant. 4. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, gestational weeks and maternal weight gain during pregnancy were related with low birth weight.; Summary

A Follow-up Study of Fertility and Pregnancy Wastage of Women in Rural Area.: Jung Han Park, Sin Hyang Kim, Byung Yeol Chun, Gui Yeon Kim, Min Hae Yeh, Seong Eok Cho, Jae Yeon Cho; Korean J Prev Med. 1988;21(1):21-30.

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Abstract PDF: To measure the fertility rate and pregnancy wastage of women in rural area, 3,780 married women under 50 years old who were not sterilized either woman or husband in Gunwee county were followed up for 2 years. Seventeen Myun health workers visited these women periodically to check the status of their family planning practice and menstruation. Pregnant women were interviewed for their past obstetric history and followed up to the time of delivery. Family planning was practiced in 51.6% of the 6,826 women-years observed during the period from April 1, 1985 to March 31, 1987. Pregnancy, abortion and delivery covered 7.6% of the observed women years and family planning was not practiced in 36.5% of the women-years. When sterilized women at the beginning of the study were included, the family planning practice rate was 72.1% which was slightly higher than the national family planning practice rate. However, 28% of the women of 30-39 years old had not practiced family planning although they had 2-3 children and they used more such less effective methods as safe-period method and condom than the women of 20-29 years old. Overall pregnancy rate was 14.3 per 100 woman-years. Women of 25-29 years old had the highest pregnancy rate of 27.4 per 100 woman-years. Pregnancy wastage including spontaneous and induced abortions and still births was 22.0% of all pregnancies and it increased with the age of women; 15.8% in women less than 30 years old and 43.7% in women of 30 years and over. Women who terminated the pregnancy with induced abortion had more pregnancies, more previous induced and spontaneous abortions and shorter pregnancy interval than those women who terminated with live birth. Pregnant women terminated with a live birth had received 4.2 prenatal cares on the average. Eighty-five percent of deliveries occurred at a medical facility and 15% at home which was substantially lower home delivery rate than the other rural area of Korea. This may be due to the effects of the demonstration project for the primary health care in 1970s in Gunwee county. These findings suggest that family planning service in rural area should be strengthened by promoting the use of more effective contraceptive method among women over 30 years of age.; Summary

English Abstract

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Osteoporosis among Postmenopausal Women in Chuncheon: Hallym Aging Study(HAS).: Soong Nang Jang, Young Ho Choi, Moon Gi Choi, Sung Hyun Kang, Jin Young Jeong, Yong Jun Choi, Dong Hyun Kim; J Prev Med Public Health. 2006;39(5):389-396.

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine theprevalence of osteoporosis and to evaluate the effects of body composition, health behaviors and reproductive history on bone density in postmenopausal women. METHODS: The study subjects were 362 postmenopausal women, aged 45 years old or over, who were invited to the hospital. Information on their socio-demographic characteristics and the potential risk factors such as their past medical history, smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, diet and menstrual/reproductive histories were collected by trained interviewers. Weight, height, the body mass index (kg/m2), and body composition variables were measured. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS: The prevalence of osteoporosis was 30.6% in the 45~64 years old women, 52.5% in the elderly women aged 65~74, and 68.7% in the women aged 75 years or over. After adjustment for the effect of potential covariates, those women in the highest 25% (4th quartile) of the lean body mass are less likely to have osteoporosis (aOR=0.31, 95% CI=0.12-0.76), compared with the lowest quartile group. More parity also had significantly detrimental effects on osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women increased with age from 46.3% of those aged 45-64 to 68.7% fo those aged 75 and over. Lean body mass and parity appeared significant contributor to bone mineral density in postmenopausal women in this population.; Summary

Original Article

Association of Dietary Factors with Cognitive Impairment in Older Women.: Jin Hee Kim, Yunhwan Lee, Geunshik Han; J Prev Med Public Health. 2004;37(2):174-181.

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between dietary factors and cognitive impairment in older Korean women living in the community. METHODS: Wave 2 data, from the Suwon Longitudinal Aging Study (SLAS), of 365 women aged 65 years or over, were used. The Korean version of the 30-point Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) was used to assess cognitive impairment (score< = or19). Dietary habits and frequencies of food group consumption were also examined. RESULTS: A total of 67 women (18.4%) were found to be cognitively impaired. In bivariate analyses, nondietary factors, such as age, marital status, education, income, self-rated health, depression, emotional support, social activity, exercise, and dietary factors, such as self-rated nutritional status, frequency of beans and bean products and milk and dairy products consumption were associated with cognitive impairment. In the multivariate analysis, a higher frequency ( > = or 1 vs. < 1 time/day) of beans and bean products (OR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.23-0.99) and milk and dairy products (OR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.61) consumption was inversely associated with cognitive impairment, after adjustment for non-dietary factors. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that dietary factors may play a significant role in cognitive impairment of older Korean women.; Summary

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