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7 "Trauma"
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Original Article
Comorbid Conditions in Persons Exposed to Ionizing Radiation and Veterans of the Soviet–Afghan War: A Cohort Study in Kazakhstan
Saule Sarkulova, Roza Tatayeva, Dinara Urazalina, Ekaterina Ossadchaya, Venera Rakhmetova
J Prev Med Public Health. 2024;57(1):55-64.   Published online November 1, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.333
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AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Objectives
This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of comorbid conditions in patients exposed to ionizing radiation and those who were involved in the Soviet–Afghan war.
Methods
This study analyzed the frequency and spectrum of morbidity and comorbidity in patients over a long-term period (30-35 years) following exposure to ionizing radiation at the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site or the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, and among participants of the Soviet–Afghan war. A cohort study, both prospective and retrospective, was conducted on 675 patients who underwent comprehensive examinations.
Results
Numerical data were analyzed using the Statistica 6 program. The results are presented as the mean±standard deviation, median, and interquartile range (25-75th percentiles). The statistical significance of between-group differences was assessed using the Student t-test and Pearson chi-square test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We found a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension (55.0%) and cardiac ischemia (32.9%); these rates exceeded the average for this age group in the general population.
Conclusions
The cumulative impact of causal occupational, environmental, and ultra-high stress factors in the combat zone in participants of the Soviet–Afghan war, along with common conventional factors, contributed to the formation of a specific comorbidity structure. This necessitates a rational approach to identifying early predictors of cardiovascular events and central nervous system disorders, as well as pathognomonic clinical symptoms in this patient cohort. It also underscores the importance of selecting suitable methods and strategies for implementing treatment and prevention measures.
Summary
Key Message
This study investigated the long-term health effects on 675 individuals exposed to ionizing radiation at Semipalatinsk and Chornobyl, and those involved in the Soviet–Afghan war. Results showed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, notably hypertension (55%) and cardiac ischemia (32.9%), compared to the general population. The findings highlight the need for early detection of cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders in these groups, emphasizing tailored treatment and prevention strategies.
COVID-19: Original Article
Associations Between General Perceptions of COVID-19 and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Korean Hospital Workers: Effect Modification by Previous Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Experience and Occupational Type
Youngrong Lee, Kwanghyun Kim, Sungjin Park, Sun Jae Jung
J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(2):86-95.   Published online January 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.540
  • 5,734 View
  • 216 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
This study investigated associations between perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in workers at hospitals designated to treat COVID-19, as well as the difference in the magnitude of these associations by occupational type and previous Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) experience.
Methods
The participants were workers at hospitals designated to treat COVID-19 who completed a questionnaire about their perceptions related to COVID-19, work experience during the previous MERS-CoV outbreak, and symptoms of PTSD ascertained by the PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Participants’ characteristics were compared using the chi-square test. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations between perceptions and the prevalence of PTSD, stratified by occupational type and previous MERS-CoV experience.
Results
Non-medical personnel showed stronger associations with PTSD than medical personnel according to general fear (odds ratio [OR], 6.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92 to 23.20), shortages of supplies (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.56), and issue-specific fear (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.59). Those with prior MERS-CoV quarantine experience were more prone to PTSD than those without such experience in terms of general fear (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.37), shortages of supplies (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.40), and issue-specific fear (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.38).
Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, non-medical personnel tended to have higher odds of being categorized as having PTSD. Workers with prior MERS-CoV experience were more susceptible than those without such experience. These findings suggest the need for timely interventions to manage human resources for a sustainable quarantine system.
Summary
Korean summary
본 연구는 COVID-19관련 인식과 COVID-19 안심 병원 근로자들의 외상 후 스트레스 장애 (PTSD) 유병률 사이의 연관성에서 직업 유형과 이전 중동 호흡기 증후군 (MERS-CoV) 방역 경험 여부로 인한 연관성의 크기 차이를 조사하였다. 비의료인이 의료인보다 PTSD유병에 더 강한 연관성을 보였고, 이전 메르스 방역 경험이 있는 근로자들이 COVID-19에 대한 "일반적 공포", "물품 부족 공포" 및 "특정 문제에 따른 공포"로 구분한 인식의 크기가 클 수록 방역 경험이 없는 근로자들보다 PTSD유병과의 관련성이 더 컸다. 결론적으로 COVID-19 대유행 기간 중 비의료 인력은 PTSD유병 확률이 더 높은 경향이 있었다. 이전 MERS-CoV 경험이 있는 근로자는 그러한 경험이 없는 근로자보다 더 취약했다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association between social networks and symptoms of post-traumatic stress during the pandemic: Cohort study in South Korea
    Ji Su Yang, Yu Jin Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, Chul-Hyun Cho, Alexander C. Tsai, Sun Jae Jung
    Comprehensive Psychiatry.2023; 127: 152432.     CrossRef
  • Development and Validation of COVID-19 Stress Scale (CSS) in an Iranian Non-clinical Population
    Roghieh Nooripour, Nikzad Ghanbari, Laurel E. Radwin, Simin Hosseinian, Peyman Hassani-Abharian, Mohsen Hosseinbor, Keyvan Kakabraee, Mojtaba Amiri Majd, Serge Brand, Esmaeil Soleimani, Hossein Ilanloo
    Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
Effect of Burnout on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Firefighters in Korea: Data From the Firefighter Research on Enhancement of Safety & Health (FRESH)
Woojin Kim, Munjoo Bae, Sei-Jin Chang, Jin-Ha Yoon, Da Yee Jeong, Dae-Sung Hyun, Hye-Yoon Ryu, Ki-Soo Park, Mi-Ji Kim, Changsoo Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(6):345-354.   Published online October 24, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.116
  • 9,986 View
  • 240 Download
  • 18 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
It is well-known that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among firefighters contributes to their job-related stress. However, the relationship between burnout and PTSD in firefighters has rarely been studied. This study therefore explored the association between burnout and its related factors, such as trauma and violence, and PTSD symptoms among firefighters in Korea.
Methods
A total of 535 firefighters participated in the Firefighter Research on Enhancement of Safety & Health study at 3 university hospitals from 2016 to 2017. The 535 participants received a baseline health examination, including questionnaires assessing their mental health. A Web-based survey was also conducted to collect data on job-related stress, history of exposure to violence, burnout, and trauma experience. The associations among burnout, its related factors, and PTSD symptoms were investigated using structural equation modeling.
Results
Job demands (β=0.411, p<0.001) and effort-reward balance (β=-0.290, p<0.001) were significantly related to burnout. Burnout (β=0.237, p<0.001) and violence (β=0.123, p=0.014) were significantly related to PTSD risk. Trauma (β=0.131, p=0.001) was significantly related to burnout; however, trauma was not directly associated with PTSD scores (β=0.085, p=0.081).
Conclusions
Our results show that burnout and psychological, sexual, and physical violence at the hands of clients directly affected participants’ PTSD symptoms. Burnout mediated the relationship between trauma experience and PTSD.
Summary
Korean summary
535명의 현직소방관을 대상으로 소방공무원에서 업무관련스트레스, 폭력노출, 외상노출, 소진(번아웃), 외상후 스트레스 장애(PTSD) 증상 설문을 시행하였고, 구조방정식 통해 업무스트레스에 의한 소진이 PTSD에 주는 영향과 다른 요인간의 연관성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 업무 환경에서의 높은 직무요구수준과 낮은 노력-보상 균형은 소진을 증가시키며, 업무스트레스에 의한 소진과 근무 중 겪게 되는 폭력노출 경험은 PTSD 점수와 양의 연관관계를 보였다. 반면, 업무 도중 외상사건 경험은 PTSD 점수와 직접적으로 유의한 연관관계를 보이지 않았으나, 소진을 통한 간접적으로 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association between burnout and post‐traumatic stress disorder among frontline nurse during COVID‐19 pandemic: A moderated mediation analysis
    Leilei Liang, Yuanchao Hu, Junsong Fei, Tongshuang Yuan, Ren Gao, Jingyi Yue, Qianqian Song, Xixi Zhao, Songli Mei
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2024; 33(3): 1076.     CrossRef
  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Pediatric Healthcare Workers
    Nikolaos Rigas, Zacharias Kyritsis, Maria Dagla, Alexandra Soldatou, Eirini Orovou, Maria Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou, Panagiotis Eskitzis, Evangelia Antoniou
    Nursing Reports.2024; 14(1): 115.     CrossRef
  • Moderating effect of work fatigue on the association between resilience and posttraumatic stress symptoms: a cross-sectional multi-country study among pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Samar Younes, Souheil Hallit, Irfan Mohammed, Sarah El Khatib, Anna Brytek-Matera, Shadrach Chinecherem Eze, Kenneth Egwu, Rawshan Jabeen, Nebojša Pavlović, Pascale Salameh, Michelle Cherfane, Marwan Akel, Chadia Haddad, Randa Choueiry, Feten Fekih-Romdha
    BioPsychoSocial Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder in international surgeons undertaking trauma electives in a South African trauma centre
    V Thirayan, VY Kong, H Uchino, DL Clarke
    South African Journal of Surgery.2024; 62(1): 14.     CrossRef
  • Firefighters and Spouses: Hostility, Satisfaction, and Conflict
    Romana Pasca, Shannon L. Wagner
    Journal of Family Issues.2023; 44(4): 1074.     CrossRef
  • Psychological Variables Associated With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Firefighters: A Systematic Review
    Elena R. Serrano-Ibáñez, Tania Corrás, Mirtha del Prado, Javier Diz, Carmen Varela
    Trauma, Violence, & Abuse.2023; 24(4): 2049.     CrossRef
  • Burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among medical staff two years after the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China: Social support and resilience as mediators
    Yifang Liu, Li Zou, Shijiao Yan, Pu Zhang, Jun Zhang, Jing Wen, Jing Mao, Longti Li, Ying Wang, Wenning Fu
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 321: 126.     CrossRef
  • Compassion Fatigue and Perceived Social Support among Polish Nurses
    Paulina Pergol-Metko, Anna Staniszewska, Sebastian Metko, Zofia Sienkiewicz, Lukasz Czyzewski
    Healthcare.2023; 11(5): 706.     CrossRef
  • Occupational Stress and Burnout in the Fire Service: Examining the Complex Role and Impact of Sleep Health
    Mari-Amanda A. Dyal, Todd D. Smith, David M. DeJoy, Brian A. Moore
    Behavior Modification.2022; 46(2): 374.     CrossRef
  • Student Burnout and PTSD Symptoms: The Role of Existential Anxiety and Academic Fears on Students during the COVID 19 Pandemic
    Katarzyna Tomaszek, Agnieszka Muchacka-Cymerman, Giovanni Galeoto
    Depression Research and Treatment.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • The short form effort−reward imbalance: Measure of occupational stress for firefighters
    Dal Lae Chin, MinJung Kyung, Jian Li, Stephanie Phelps, OiSaeng Hong
    American Journal of Industrial Medicine.2022; 65(6): 492.     CrossRef
  • Emergency nurses' burnout levels as the mediator of the relationship between stress and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms during COVID‐19 pandemic
    Bey‐Jing Yang, Ching‐Wei Yen, Shou‐Ju Lin, Chien‐Hua Huang, Jhong‐Lin Wu, Yih‐Ru Cheng, Chia‐Chen Hsieh, Fei‐Hsiu Hsiao
    Journal of Advanced Nursing.2022; 78(9): 2861.     CrossRef
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    Elke Ham, Michael C. Seto, Nicole C. Rodrigues, N. Zoe Hilton
    International Journal of Mental Health Nursing.2022; 31(5): 1151.     CrossRef
  • Testosterone and occupational burnout in professional male firefighters
    Denis Vinnikov, Zhanna Romanova, Gulnara Kapanova, Aizhan Raushanova, Sundetgali Kalmakhanov, Alexander Zhigalin
    BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Doctors and Nurses: A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors in Workplace Violence and Burnout
    Jose Miguel Giménez Lozano, Juan Pedro Martínez Ramón, Francisco Manuel Morales Rodríguez
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(6): 3280.     CrossRef
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    Joana Proença Becker, Rui Paixão, Manuel João Quartilho
    Psych.2020; 2(1): 74.     CrossRef
  • PTSD symptoms among health workers and public service providers during the COVID-19 outbreak
    Sverre Urnes Johnson, Omid V. Ebrahimi, Asle Hoffart, Kristin Vickers
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  • A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Factors Related to Post-traumatic Growth of Fire Officials
    Myung-Gwan Kim, Seung-Woo Han
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2020; 45(4): 373.     CrossRef
Social Network Effects on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Female North Korean Immigrants
Byungkyu Lee, Yoosik Youm
J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(5):191-200.   Published online September 28, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.191
  • 9,351 View
  • 107 Download
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

The goal of this paper is to examine the social network effects on post-traumatic sdress disorder (PTSD) in female North Korean immigrants who entered South Korea in 2007. Specifically, it attempts to verify if the density and composition of networks make a difference after controlling for the network size.

Methods

A multivariate logistic regression is used to probe the effects of social networks using the North Korean Immigrant Panel data set. Because the data set had only completed its initial survey when this paper was written, the analysis was cross-sectional.

Results

The size of the support networks was systematically related to PTSD. Female North Korean immigrants with more supporting ties were less likely to develop PTSD, even after controlling for other risk factors (odds-ratio for one more tie was 0.8). However, once we control for the size of the network, neither the density nor the composition of the networks remains statistically significant.

Conclusions

The prevalence of the PTSD among female North Korean immigrants is alarmingly high, and regardless of the characteristics of supporting network members, the size of the supporting networks provides substantial protection. This implies that a simple strategy that focuses on increasing the number of supporting ties will be effective among North Korean immigrants who entered South Korea in recent years.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • “Give and take is the key”: Reciprocity leads to psychological well-being of North Korean refugees in South Korea
    Soim Park, Jennifer A. Wenzel, Jin-Won Kim, Pamela J. Surkan
    International Journal of Intercultural Relations.2024; 103: 102080.     CrossRef
  • Association between social networks and symptoms of post-traumatic stress during the pandemic: Cohort study in South Korea
    Ji Su Yang, Yu Jin Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, Chul-Hyun Cho, Alexander C. Tsai, Sun Jae Jung
    Comprehensive Psychiatry.2023; 127: 152432.     CrossRef
  • Lonely in the Dark: Trauma Memory and Sex‐Specific Dysregulation of Amygdala Reactivity to Fear Signals
    Mitjan Morr, Jeanine Noell, Daphne Sassin, Jule Daniels, Alexandra Philipsen, Benjamin Becker, Birgit Stoffel‐Wagner, René Hurlemann, Dirk Scheele
    Advanced Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Social Network Changes and Disclosure Responses After Sexual Assault
    Anna E. Jaffe, Jessica A. Blayney, Macey R. Schallert, Madison E. Edwards, Emily R. Dworkin
    Psychology of Women Quarterly.2022; 46(3): 299.     CrossRef
  • Social Anhedonia is Associated with Low Social Network Diversity in Trauma‐Exposed Adults
    Elizabeth A. Olson, Diego A. Pizzagalli, Isabelle M. Rosso
    Journal of Traumatic Stress.2021; 34(1): 241.     CrossRef
  • Childhood maltreatment experiences are associated with altered diffusion in occipito‐temporal white matter pathways
    Elizabeth A. Olson, Tate A. Overbey, Caroline G. Ostrand, Diego A. Pizzagalli, Scott L. Rauch, Isabelle M. Rosso
    Brain and Behavior.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Affecting Depressive Symptoms among North Korean Adolescent Refugees Residing in South Korea
    Subin Park, Minji Lee, Jin Jeon
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2017; 14(8): 912.     CrossRef
  • The Association of Social Inhibition and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
    Karoline Lukaschek, Jens Baumert, Johannes Kruse, Karl-Heinz Ladwig
    Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease.2016; 204(4): 261.     CrossRef
  • Risk of Social Isolation Among Great East Japan Earthquake Survivors Living in Tsunami-Affected Ishinomaki, Japan
    Machiko Inoue, Shoko Matsumoto, Kazue Yamaoka, Shinsuke Muto
    Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness.2014; 8(4): 333.     CrossRef
  • Comparing the Effect of Prazosin and Hydroxyzine on Sleep Quality in Patients Suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
    Mohammad Ahmadpanah, Parasto Sabzeiee, Seyed Mohammad Hosseini, Saadat Torabian, Mohammad Haghighi, Leila Jahangard, Hafez Bajoghli, Edith Holsboer-Trachsler, Serge Brand
    Neuropsychobiology.2014; 69(4): 235.     CrossRef
English Abstract
Crisis Intervention for Workers in Severely Stressful Situations After Massive Layoffs and Labor Disputes.
Jong Min Woo, Jeong Ho Chae, Soo Chan Choi
J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(3):265-273.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.3.265
  • 4,159 View
  • 79 Download
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
Due to the economic crisis and globalization, many workers have been suffering from severe occupational stress due to job insecurity and struggles related to downsizing and restructuring. This study aims to assess the stress levels among workers involved in fierce labor disputes and massive layoffs and to evaluate their specific needs and satisfaction with counseling services set up to help workers cope with severely stressful situations? METHODS: The authors provided crisis intervention to workers in traumatic situations to compare the differential level of stress responses and needs among the workers remaining employed in a large auto factory, those laid off by it, and those laid off by other companies in the same region (Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi Province). We measured stress levels using the worker's stress response inventory (WSRI) and heart rate variability (HRV), and assessed workers' satisfaction with the counseling services. RESULTS: 502 workers participated in the program. Fifty-seven percent of them consulted with occupational problems. The mean WSRI score of the workers remaining employed in the automobile factory was higher than that of the unemployed (employed: 39.8+/-19.9, unemployed: 29.3+/-18.8). Ninety-five percent of workers responded that they were satisfied or very satisfied with the counseling services. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the urgent need for the establishment of a national crisis intervention program dedicated to supporting workers in severely stressful situations.
Summary

Citations

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  • Feminist Development Justice as Emancipatory Praxis
    Nasha Mohamed, Sutapa Chattopadhyay, Levi Gahman
    Meridians.2024; 23(2): 306.     CrossRef
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    Sanjeev P. Sahni, Vaijayanthee Kumar
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Original Article
Validation of the International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition Based Injury Severity Score(ICISS).
Yoon Kim, Ku Young Jung, Chang Yup Kim, Yong Ik Kim, Youngsoo Shin
Korean J Prev Med. 1999;32(4):538-545.
  • 2,628 View
  • 54 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVE
To compare the predictive power of International Classification of Diseases 10th Edition(ICD-10) based International Classification of Diseases based Injury Severity Score(ICISS) with Trauma and Injury Severity Score(TRISS) and International Classification of Diseases 9th Edition Clinical Modification(ICD-9CM) based ICISS in the injury severity measure. METHODS: ICD-10 version of Survival Risk Ratios(SRRs) was derived from 47,750 trauma patients from 35 Emergency Centers for 1 year. The predictive power of TRISS, the ICD-9CM based ICISS and ICD-10 based ICISS were compared in a group of 367 severely injured patients admitted to two university hospitals. The predictive power was compared by using the measures of discrimination(disparity, sensitivity, specificity, misclassification rates, and ROC curve analysis) and calibration(Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistics), all calculated by logistic regression procedure. RESULTS: ICD-10 based ICISS showed a lower performance than TRISS and ICD-9CM based ICISS. When age and Revised Trauma Score(RTS) were incorporated into the survival probability model, however, ICD-10 based ICISS full model showed a similar predictive power compared with TRISS and ICD-9CM based ICISS full model. ICD-10 based ICISS had some disadvantages in predicting outcomes among patients with intracranial injuries. However, such weakness was largely compensated by incorporating age and RTS in the model. CONCLUSIONS: The ICISS methodology can be extended to ICD-10 horizon as a standard injury severity measure in the place of TRISS, especially when age and RTS were incorporated in the model. In patients with intracranial injuries, the predictive power of ICD-10 based ICISS was relatively low because of differences in the classifying system between ICD-10 and ICD-9CM.
Summary
Case Report
A Case Report on the Meniscal Tear due to Repetitive Foot-Switch Stepping.
Sun Hee Yu, Hyun Sul Lim, Doo Hie Kim, Dong Ju Chae, Suk Kang
Korean J Prev Med. 1997;30(4):805-814.
  • 1,961 View
  • 51 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Injuries to the menisci occur in a variety of ways, most commonly with a twist, pivot, squat, or valgus stress to the knee. Tear patterns are classified to longitudinal, horizontal, or transverse features according to the mechanism of injury. Work-related meniscal tear usually occurs with a repetitive usage of the foot, hence it can be classified as a cumulative traumatic disorder. We found a 47 year-old female worker who had been taking charge of repetitive foot-switch stepping for 8 years. She suffered from pain in the right knee since 5 months ago. Tenderness along the medial joint line of the right knee was observed and pain was aggravated with full flexion of the right knee. On magnetic resonance imaging, high signal intensity was observed at the posterior horn of the medial meniscus of the right knee. Degenerative longitudinal and transverse complex tear in the medial meniscus was observed on arthroscopy. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy was performed. We surveyed the work process and the health status of co-workers. It turned out that the work process was compatible to injure the meniscus and nine out of fourteen co-workers(64.3%) complained pain of the knee. No other factors related to her meniscal tear could be found except for the situation at her work. Therefore, we conclude that meniscal tear is related to the repetitive stepping of foot switch.
Summary

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