Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

OPEN ACCESS
SEARCH
Search

Search

Page Path
HOME > Search
3 "Outpatients"
Filter
Filter
Article category
Keywords
Publication year
Authors
Original Article
The Development of an Assessment Instrument for Behavior Toward Hypoglycemia Risk Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Outpatients in Jakarta, Indonesia
Putu Rika Veryanti, Rani Sauriasari, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Berna Elya, Muhammad Ikhsan Mokoagow
J Prev Med Public Health. 2025;58(1):31-43.   Published online November 13, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.24.313
  • 534 View
  • 112 Download
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument for assessing patients’ behavior toward the risk of hypoglycemia through self-assessment. Insufficient education and supervision of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) outpatients by healthcare providers is a significant concern, affecting their behavior during the treatment process. Additionally, inappropriate behavior typically increases the risk of hypoglycemia. To mitigate this risk, several studies have recommended evaluating patients’ behavior, necessitating the development of a new instrument.
Methods
The study procedures were conducted in 3 stages: instrument development (face and content validity, stage I), construct validity and reliability test (stage II), and criterion validity (stage III). Stage I involved 5 healthcare practitioners, including internal medicine doctors, nurses, dietitians, and pharmacists in hospitals and community health centers. Stage II included 20 respondents using a 1-shot test method. Stage III involved 237 type 2 DM outpatients at Central General Hospital (RSUP) in Jakarta, employing a cross-sectional design and consecutive sampling.
Results
The results indicated that the developed instrument was valid and reliable, comprising 9 domains (29 questions). These domains included behavior toward blood glucose monitoring, diet, physical activity, medication, assistance from healthcare providers, hypoglycemia management, self-care, family support, and insulin use. Furthermore, poor behavior was found to increase the risk of hypoglycemia by 2.36 times.
Conclusions
Based on these results, the developed instrument could be effectively used to evaluate behavior toward hypoglycemia among type 2 DM outpatients, confirming its validity and reliability.
Summary
Key Message
The development of an assessment instrument for behavior toward hypoglycemia risk among type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients in Jakarta, Indonesia have been carried out. The instrument contains 9 domains, included behavior toward blood glucose monitoring, diet, physical activity, medication, assistance from healthcare providers, hypoglycemia management, self-care, family support, and insulin use. Poor behavior was found to increase the risk of hypoglycemia by 2.36 times. The instrument developed is valid and reliable.
English Abstract
The Effect of Outpatient Cost Sharing on Health Care Utilization of the Elderly.
Myunghwa Kim, Soonman Kwon
J Prev Med Public Health. 2010;43(6):496-504.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.6.496
  • 5,537 View
  • 107 Download
  • 20 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of outpatient cost-sharing on health care utilization by the elderly. METHODS: The data in this analysis was the health insurance claims data between July 1999 and December 2008 (114 months). The study group was divided into two age groups, namely 60-64 years old and 65-69 years old. This study evaluated the impact of policy change on office visits, the office visits per person, and the percentage of the copayment-paid visits in total visits. Interrupted time series and segmented regression model were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that outpatient cost-sharing decreased office visits, but it also decreased the percentage of copayment-paid visits, implying that the intensity of care increased. There was little difference in the results between the two age groups. But after the introduction of the coinsurance system for those patients under age 65, office visits and the percentage of copayment-paid visits decreased, and the 60-64 years old group had a larger decrease than the 65-69 years old group. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the effects of outpatient cost-sharing on health care utilization by the aged. Cost sharing of the elderly had little effect on controlling health care utilization.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Out-of-pocket costs associated with chronic respiratory diseases in Korean adults
    Jun Su Park, Bomgyeol Kim, Yejin Kim, Sang Gyu Lee, Tae Hyun Kim
    Chronic Respiratory Disease.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Changes and Prospects in Healthcare with OECD Health Statistics
    Jeongwoo Shin, Heenyun Kim, Mikyung Cheon, Junghoon Kim, Jeongah Choi
    Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service Research.2024; 4(2): 225.     CrossRef
  • The short-term effects of fixed copayment policy on elderly health spending and service utilization: evidence from South Korea’s age-based policy using exact date of birth
    SeungHoon Han, Hosung Sohn
    International Journal of Health Economics and Management.2023; 23(2): 255.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Healthcare Utilization for Primary Dysmenorrhea in Korea: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study
    Jinhun Park, Yu-Cheol Lim, Deok-Sang Hwang, In-Hyuk Ha, Ye-Seul Lee
    International Journal of Women's Health.2022; Volume 14: 1015.     CrossRef
  • Increase in Potential Low-value Magnetic Resonance Imaging Utilization Due to Out-of-pocket Payment Reduction Across Income Groups in Korea: An Experimental Vignette Study
    Yukyung Shin, Ji-su Lee, Young Kyung Do
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2022; 55(4): 389.     CrossRef
  • Changes in Pattern of the Medical Care Use of Outpatient With Mental Disorder According to Medical Coverage Types and Medical Payment System
    Ji-Woo Kim, Rye-Mi Ye, Myeng-hwa Kim, Dong Yun Lee
    Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.2022; 61(3): 150.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the effectiveness of the policy to expand the scope of national health insurance dental scaling service benefits
    Woo Jong Kim, Yong Jeon Shin
    Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2022; 46(4): 192.     CrossRef
  • Impact of reimbursement rates on the length of stay in tertiary public hospitals: a retrospective cohort study in Shenzhen, China
    Jie Ning, Lingrui Liu, Emily Cherlin, Yarui Peng, Jingkai Yue, Haoling Xiong, Hongbing Tao
    BMJ Open.2020; 10(11): e040066.     CrossRef
  • Who Benefits from the Fixed Copayment of Medical and Pharmaceutical Expenditure among the Korean Elderly?
    Eunja Park, Sookja Choi
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(21): 8118.     CrossRef
  • Effects of the Out-of-pocket Payment Exemption in the Public Health Center on Medical Utilization of the Korean Elderly
    Kiryong Nam, Eunhye Park, Yuhjin Chung, Chang-yup Kim
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2020; 53(6): 455.     CrossRef
  • The impact of change from copayment to coinsurance on medical care usage and expenditure in outpatient setting in older Koreans
    Byoungjun Bae, Bo Ram Choi, Inmyung Song
    The International Journal of Health Planning and Management.2018; 33(1): 235.     CrossRef
  • Assessing quality of primary diabetes care in South Korea and Taiwan using avoidable hospitalizations
    Hongsoo Kim, Shou-Hsia Cheng
    Health Policy.2018; 122(11): 1222.     CrossRef
  • The effect of increasing the coinsurance rate on outpatient utilization of healthcare services in South Korea
    Hyo Jung Lee, Sung-In Jang, Eun-Cheol Park
    BMC Health Services Research.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Having Usual Source of Care on the Choice among Different Types of Medical Facilities
    Doo Ri Kim
    Health Policy and Management.2016; 26(3): 195.     CrossRef
  • An evaluation on the effect of the copayment waiver policy for Korean hospitalized children under the age of six
    Sook Young Kwak, Seok-Jun Yoon, In-Hwan Oh, Young-eun Kim
    BMC Health Services Research.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of cost-sharing in private health insurance on the utilization of health care services between private insurance purchasers and non-purchasers: a study of the Korean health panel survey (2008–2012)
    Young Choi, Jae-Hyun Kim, Ki-Bong Yoo, Kyoung Hee Cho, Jae-Woo Choi, Tae Hoon Lee, Woorim Kim, Eun-Cheol Park
    BMC Health Services Research.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analyses of Impacts of the Outpatient Cost Sharing Reduction based on the Difference-in-differences Model
    Lee-Su Ahn
    The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2013; 13(11): 187.     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Outpatient Coinsurance Rate Increase on Outpatient Healthcare Service Utilization in Tertiary and General Hospital
    Hyo-Jeong Kim, Young-Hoon Kim, Han-Sung Kim, Jung-Sik Woo, Su-Jin Oh
    Health Policy and Management.2013; 23(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • Effect of private health insurance on health care utilization in a universal public insurance system: A case of South Korea
    Boyoung Jeon, Soonman Kwon
    Health Policy.2013; 113(1-2): 69.     CrossRef
  • Use of Traditional Korean Medicine by Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders
    Bo-Ram Wang, In Young Choi, Kwang-Jum Kim, Young Dae Kwon, C. Mary Schooling
    PLoS ONE.2013; 8(5): e63209.     CrossRef
Original Article
Predictors of Smoking Cessation in Outpatients.
Yune Sik Kang, Jang Rak Kim, Joung Soon Jang, Young Sil Hwang, Dae Yong Hong
Korean J Prev Med. 2003;36(3):248-254.
  • 14,448 View
  • 26 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted in order to investigate predictors of smoking cessation in outpatients. METHOD: Subjects were 401 adult smoking patients who saw their doctors in the outpatient setting at a university hospital, regardless of their willingness of otherwise in smoking cessation. Physicians delivered a brief, stop smoking prompt to all patients who smoked one or more cigarettes a day. Then they referred to on-site counselors who provided a brief, nurse assisted intervention with a survey to a randomly assigned intervention group (200 smoking patients), whom the counselors telephoned later to prevent relapse or promote the motivation to quit, or gave only a survey to a control group (201 smoking patients). After at least 5 months, self-reported current smoking cessation was confirmed later using cut-off values of 7 ppm or less in expired alveolar air after breath holding portable CO analyzer. RESULTS: After 5 months, subjects in the intervention group were 1.56 times (95% C.I. 0.89-2.73) more likely to quit smoking than those in the non-intervention group (14.0% vs. 9.0%). Willingness to quit smoking in a month, scheduled admission in a month, self efficacy score and FTND (Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence) score were all significantly related with smoking cessation. In stepwise multiple logistic regression, previous attempts to quit smoking were significant instead of self efficacy score. In the intervention group who had willingness to quit smoking in a month (132 smoking patients), FTND score, whether quit date was today, and whether quit promise paper was submitting were all significantly related with smoking cessation. In stepwise multiple logistic regression, scheduled admission in a month and whether quit date was today were significant predictor variables. Smoking cessation treatment should be tailored to individual smoking patients considering these predictors.
Summary

JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
TOP