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Original Articles
Associations Between Indoor Air Pollutants and Risk Factors for Acute Respiratory Infection Symptoms in Children Under 5: An Analysis of Data From the Indonesia Demographic Health Survey
Ichtiarini Nurullita Santri, Yuniar Wardani, Yohane Vincent Abero Phiri, Gunchmaa Nyam, Tyas Aisyah Putri, Khoiriyah Isni, Dyah Suryani, Grace Sambo
J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(3):255-263.   Published online April 18, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.470
  • 8,379 View
  • 261 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The study investigated the association between indoor air pollution (IAP) and risk factors for acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms in children under 5 years of age.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data derived from Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey in 2017. Binary logistic regression modeling was employed to examine each predictor variable associated with ARI among children under 5 years of age in Indonesia.
Results
The study included a total of 4936 households with children. Among children under 5 years old, 7.2% reported ARI symptoms. The presence of ARI symptoms was significantly associated with the type of residence, wealth index, and father’s smoking frequency, which were considered the sample’s socio-demographic characteristics. In the final model, living in rural areas, having a high wealth index, the father’s smoking frequency, and a low education level were all linked to ARI symptoms.
Conclusions
The results revealed that households in rural areas had a substantially higher level of reported ARI symptoms among children under 5 years old. Furthermore, the father’s smoking frequency and low education level were associated with ARI symptoms.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections in Children Under Five Years Old: Analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey
    Diego A. Polo-Pucho, Javier J. Gonzales-Carrillo, Miguel A. Arce-Huamani
    Children.2025; 12(9): 1242.     CrossRef
  • Indoor air pollution exposure and acute respiratory infection among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
    Belay Desye, Abebe Kassa Geto, Chala Daba, Gete Berihun, Leykun Berhanu
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Prevalence and Predictors of Complementary Feeding Practices Among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Indonesia
Siti Nurokhmah, Lucinda Middleton, Aryono Hendarto
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(6):549-558.   Published online October 12, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.199
  • 10,409 View
  • 375 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
Poor complementary feeding practices have consistently contributed to the burden of child undernutrition in Indonesia. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and predictors of the time of the introduction of solid, semi-solid, and soft foods (ISSSF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD).
Methods
We analyzed 4804 last-born infants aged 6-23 months from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, which employed multistage cluster random sampling. The outcomes were calculated based on the 2021 World Health Organization/United Nations Children’s Fund guidelines. The predictors of the 4 complementary feeding indicators were assessed using multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance adjusting for potential confounders and study design.
Results
The prevalence of ISSSF, MDD, MMF, and MAD was 86.1%, 54.3%, 71.8%, and 37.6%, respectively, with younger children less likely to meet 3 out of the 4 outcomes. Parental education, the presence of a birth attendant, and maternal media consumption were among the predictors of MDD and MAD. Children from families with higher income were more likely to meet MDD than those from low-income households (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05 to 1.28). Living in an urban area was positively associated with MMF (aPR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.15) and MAD (aPR, 1.12; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.24). In eastern regions, the prevalence of children achieving MDD and MAD was lower than in those living in Java and Bali.
Conclusions
It is crucial that more attention and efforts are made to improve the recommended practices throughout Indonesia, since the prevalence of adequate complementary feeding practices remains low.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Determinants of appropriate complementary feeding practices among mothers of children aged 6–23 months in Bokoji town, Oromia region, Ethiopia
    Abdurehman Kalu Tololu, Bekele Teshome, Hiwot Zelalem Fessaha, Abdene Weya Kaso
    BMC Pediatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and associated factors of complementary feeding practices of mothers having children 6–23 months in rural disadvantaged areas, Ben Tre province, Vietnam: a cross-sectional study
    Thuy Ngoc Vuong, Hang Thi Diem Tran
    BMC Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • DEVELOPING AN INSTRUMENT FOR DETERMINANTS OF INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING (IYCF) PRACTICES USING THEORETICAL INTEGRATION APPROACH
    Ira Dwijayanti, Anugrah Linda Mutiarani, Merry Sunaryo, Angelina Putri Firdaus, Eka Harum Lestari
    Journal of Nutrition College.2025; 14(2): 123.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practices among children aged 6–23 months in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand: a cross-sectional study
    Krongporn Ongprasert, Jakarin Chawachat, Jukkrit Wungrath, Wuttipat Kiratipaisarl
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Dietary Practices Among Young Children in Nepal’s Karnali Mountains: A Community-Based Study on Meal Frequency, Diversity, and Fruit or Vegetable Intake
    Sona Shrestha, Vishnu Khanal
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Women’s empowerment-related inequalities in complementary feeding practices among children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia: a decomposition analysis
    Siti Nurokhmah, Judhiastuty Februhartanty, Mia Siscawati, Aryono Hendarto
    BMJ Open.2025; 15(6): e093440.     CrossRef
  • Social-demographic and behavioral predictors of core indicators of complementary feeding practices among mothers of children aged 6–23 months: baseline results from a cluster-randomized trial in rural Ethiopia
    Tadele Amente, Yohannes Kebede, Tefera Belachew
    BMC Pediatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of single-parent versus dual-parent households on dietary intake and growth among under-five children in Rwanda: an analysis using directed acyclic graph
    Joyeuse Ukwishaka, Sekou Samadoulougou, Vincent Sezibera, Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Geneviève Lefebvre
    BMC Nutrition.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The role of dietary diversity and other factors to stunting among infants and toddlers in West Java, Indonesia
    Surmita Surmita, Rini Sekartini, Aria Kekalih, Dian Novita Chandra
    Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Household Food Security and Complementary Feeding Practices Among Children 6-23 Months Old in Lungalunga, Kwale County, Kenya
    Naomi Shume, Sophie Ochola, Eunice Njogu
    International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences.2025; 14(6): 456.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with infant and young child feeding practices in children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia: A nationwide study
    Iqlima Dwi Kurnia, Praba Diyan Rachmawati, Yuni Sufyanti Arief, Ilya Krisnana, Pratuma Rithpho, Hidayat Arifin
    Journal of Pediatric Nursing.2024; 78: 82.     CrossRef
Determinants of Optimal Breastfeeding Practices in Indonesia: Findings From the 2017 Indonesia Demographic Health Survey
Siti Nurokhmah, Setyaningrum Rahmawaty, Dyah Intan Puspitasari
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(2):182-192.   Published online February 23, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.448
  • 9,582 View
  • 244 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
Understanding the factors influencing mothers’ decision to breastfeed their infants is essential to formulate effective breastfeeding interventions. This study explored the determinants of optimal breastfeeding indicators in Indonesia.
Methods
We used the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey to analyze factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), and continued breastfeeding at 1 year (CBF-1) and 2 years (CBF-2). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine bio-demographic, socio-cultural, and behavioral characteristics associated with breastfeeding after considering the survey design effect.
Results
The risk of delayed breastfeeding initiation was higher among infants who were born smaller, first-born children, were delivered via cesarean delivery, and did not have immediate skin-to-skin contact (p<0.01). Infant’s age, birth pattern, household wealth index, and the mother’s occupation and smoking status were predictors of EBF (p<0.05). CBF-1 was less common among first-time mothers and those working in the non-agricultural sector, mothers from wealthier families, and mothers who had cesarean deliveries (p<0.01). Infant’s age was negatively associated with CBF-2 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74 to 0.99). Mothers attending college were less likely to practice CBF-2 than those with no education or primary education (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.77). The absence of postnatal visits was a risk factor for CBF-1 and CBF-2 (p<0.05).
Conclusions
Breastfeeding interventions in Indonesia should pay particular attention to at-risk groups such as women from wealthier families, working outside the agricultural sector, and with a higher education level. Nutrition-sensitive programs (e.g., postnatal care and smoking cessation) should also be encouraged.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Concomitant Factors Influencing Breastfeeding Practices in India: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey 2019–21
    Charu Tayal, Rajesh Sharma, Kusum Lata
    Global Social Welfare.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlations between family characteristics and childcare in optimizing the growth of children under six years
    Laili Rahayuwati, Desy Indra Yani, Sri Hendrawati, Arlette Suzy Setiawan, Damar Irza, Sherllina Rizqi Fauziah
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Breastfeeding practices and attitudes among women in West Sumatra, Indonesia
    Frankie Fair, Katie Marvin-Dowle, Zuhrah Taufiqa, Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto, Hora Soltani
    Nutrition and Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Duration and Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers in Urban and Semi-Rural Areas of Libreville and Lambaréné in Gabon
    Steeve Minto'o, Fifi Claire Loembe, Midili Thècle Larissa, Mireille Mensan Pemba, Koumba Maniaga Raïssa, Mylène Mimbila-Mayi, Yolande Nzame, Essomo Murielle, Eliane Kuissi-Kamgaing, Jean Koko, Simon Ategbo
    Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.2024; 3(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Exclusive breastfeeding among Indonesian working mothers: does early initiation of breastfeeding matter?
    Isyatun Mardhiyah Syahri, Agung Dwi Laksono, Maya Fitria, Nikmatur Rohmah, Masruroh Masruroh, Mara Ipa
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Partner and Household Factors Associated with Breastfeeding Practice: A Systematic Review
    Supriatin Supriatin, Ni Made Dwi Yunica Astriani, Mochamad Heri, Mohamad Sadli
    JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN.2024; 22(2): 429.     CrossRef
  • Trends and determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Indonesia: A multivariate decomposition analysis
    Siti Nurokhmah, Lucinda Middleton, Judhiastuty Februhartanty, Aryono Hendarto, Veincent Christian Pepito
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(11): e0294900.     CrossRef
  • Association between Skin-to-Skin Contact Duration after Caesarean Section and Breastfeeding Outcomes
    Juan Juan, Xiaosong Zhang, Xueyin Wang, Jun Liu, Yinli Cao, Ling Tan, Yan Gao, Yinping Qiu, Huixia Yang
    Children.2022; 9(11): 1742.     CrossRef
Factors Associated With Stillbirth Among Pregnant Women in Nepal
Mahesh Bhusal, Nirmal Gautam, Apiradee Lim, Phattrawan Tongkumchum
J Prev Med Public Health. 2019;52(3):154-160.   Published online April 24, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.270
  • 9,218 View
  • 285 Download
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Stillbirth is a common adverse pregnancy outcome that represents a distressing and traumatic event for women and their partners. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with stillbirth in ever-pregnant women in Nepal.
Methods
This study utilized the individual women’s dataset from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, conducted in 2016. The dependent variable of interest was whether women had at least 1 stillbirth during their lifetime. The associations between independent variables and the dependent variable of the study were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression model.
Results
Among 8918 ever-pregnant women aged 15-49 years, 488 had experienced at least 1 stillbirth during their lifetime, representing 5.5% of the total. After adjusting each factor for the confounding effects of other factors, maternal age, maternal education, place of residence, and sub-region remained significantly associated with having experienced stillbirth.
Conclusions
Stillbirth continues to be a major problem among women, especially those with higher maternal age, those who are illiterate, and residents of certain geographical regions. To minimize stillbirth in Nepal, plans and policies should be focused on women with low education levels and residents of rural areas, especially in the western mountain and far-western hill regions.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Finger-prick transcriptomic profiling in northern Nigeria reveals a muted maternal systemic response in stillbirth
    P. R. S. Rodrigues, R. Milton, F. Modibbo, D. Gillespie, F. I. Alkali, A. S. Mukaddas, A. Kassim, F. H. Sa’ad, F. M. Tukur, R. Y. Khalid, M. Y. Muhammad, M. Bello, C. P. Edwin, E. Ogudo, U. Unsal, W. J. Watkins, S. Edkins, M. Craigon, E. Parkinson, C. Smi
    npj Women's Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and associated factors of stillbirth among women at extreme ages of reproductive life in Sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis of the recent demographic and health survey
    Alebachew Ferede Zegeye, Enyew Getaneh Mekonen, Tadesse Tarik Tamir, Berhan Tekeba, Tewodros Getaneh Alemu, Mohammed Seid Ali, Almaz Tefera Gonete, Alemneh Tadesse Kassie, Mulugeta Wassie, Belayneh Shetie Workneh
    Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A scoping review of adverse birth outcomes in women from rural and urban areas
    Eva Belingon Felipe-Dimog, Fu-Wen Liang, Ita Daryanti Saragih, Calvin S. de los Reyes
    Hypertension Research in Pregnancy.2025; 13(3): 54.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with stillbirths in Koulikoro Reference Health Center, Mali, January 2019 to December 2020
    Aliou Badara Ballo, Nouhoum Telly, Pauline Kiswendsida Yanogo, Mahamadou Drabo, Jean Kaboré, Djibril Barry, Yacouba Sangaré, Bouyagui Traoré, Hanine Keita, Moussa Mintou Koné
    Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The application of the ICD-10 for antepartum stillbirth patients in a referral centre of Eastern China: a retrospective study from 2015 to 2022
    Chuan-Shou Feng, Shu-Fen Li, Hui-Hui Ju
    BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Investigation of Factors Related to Stillbirth
    Mohammad Torkashvand Moradabadi, Nahid Ardian, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy-Mahmoodabad, Tahmineh Farajkhoda, Nooshin Yoshani, Seyed Alireza Afshani, Deepak Paliwal
    INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Trends and risk factors of stillbirth among women of reproductive age in Pakistan: A multivariate decomposition analysis
    Abeera Shakeel, Asifa Kamal, Muhammad Ijaz, Maryam Siddiqa, Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema, Tahani Abushal
    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Potential Factors Associated with Stillbirth among Babies Born in Hospitals of North Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2021 Based on Cross-sectional Study Design
    Mogos Beya, Adugna Alemu, Dejene Edosa, Mathewos Mekonnen
    The Open Public Health Journal.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Timing of perinatal death; causes, circumstances, and regional variations among reviewed deaths in Ethiopia
    Neamin Tesfay, Rozina Tariku, Alemu Zenebe, Girmay Hailu, Muse Taddese, Fitsum Woldeyohannes, Melkamu Merid Mengesha
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(5): e0285465.     CrossRef
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    Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Assessing the Role of Socioeconomic Factors and Place of Residence on the Burden of Stillbirth in India: A Comprehensive Review
    Shardhanjali Sinha, Prakash Ranjan Mondal, Vipin Gupta
    The Open Public Health Journal.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Incidence and sociodemographic, living environment and maternal health associations with stillbirth in a tertiary healthcare setting in Kano, Northern Nigeria
    Rebecca Milton, F. Modibbo, D. Gillespie, F. I. Alkali, A. S. Mukaddas, A. Kassim, F. H. Sa’ad, F. M. Tukur, R. Y. Khalid, M. Y. Muhammad, M. Bello, C. P. Edwin, E. Ogudo, K. C. Iregbu, L. Jones, K. Hood, P. Ghazal, J. Sanders, B. Hassan, F. J. Belga, T.
    BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of stillbirth and its associated factors in East Africa: generalized linear mixed modeling
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    BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Determinants of stillbirth in Felege-Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North-west, Ethiopia, 2019
    Daniel Tarekegn Worede, Gizachew Worku Dagnew
    BMC Research Notes.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef

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