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COVID-19: Perspective
- The Pandemic League of COVID-19: Korea Versus the United States, With Lessons for the Entire World
- Alwin Issac, Shine Stephen, Jaison Jacob, Vijay VR, Rakesh Vadakkethil Radhakrishnan, Nadiya Krishnan, Manju Dhandapani
- J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(4):228-232. Published online May 25, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.166
- 9,244 View
- 211 Download
- 18 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is inflicting a brutal blow on humankind, and no corner of the world has been exempted from its wrath. This study analyzes the chief control measures and the distinctive features of the responses implemented by Korea and the United States to contain COVID-19 with the goal of extracting lessons that can be applied globally. Even though both nations reported their index cases on the same day, Korea succeeded in flattening the curve, with 10 752 cases as of April 28, 2020, whereas the outbreak skyrocketed in the United States, which had more than 1 million cases at the same time. The prudent and timely execution of control strategies enabled Korea to tame the spread of the virus, whereas the United States paid a major price for its delay, although it is too early to render a conclusive verdict. Information pertaining to the number of people infected with the virus and measures instituted by the government to control the spread of COVID-19 was retrieved from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention websites and press releases. Drawing lessons from both nations, it is evident that the resolution to the COVID-19 pandemic lies in the prudent usage of available resources, proactive strategic planning, public participation, transparency in information sharing, abiding by the regulations that are put into place, and how well the plan of action is implemented.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
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BMC Psychology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Why do democracies respond differently to COVID-19? A comparison of the United States and South Korea
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PLOS ONE.2024; 19(6): e0303019. CrossRef - Assessing audit effort in response to exogenous shocks: Evidence from Korea on the impact of enhanced audit standards and COVID‐19
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Xiaoxu Jiang, Bo Zhao, Eun Woo Nam, Fanlei Kong
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Enhancing the safety of frontline healthcare workers during coronavirus disease: a novel real-time remote audiovisual aided doffing approach
Manju Dhandapani, Sukhpal Kaur, Karobi Das, Rashmi Ranjan Guru, Manisha Biswal, Pranay Mahajan, Vipin Koushal, Goverdhan D. Puri
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Surgical Neurology International.2020; 11: 441. CrossRef - COVID-19: changing patterns among neurosurgical patients from North India, efficacy of repeat testing, and inpatient prevalence
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Neurosurgical Focus.2020; 49(6): E7. CrossRef
Original ArticlesTOP- A Comparison of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with Open Cholecystectomy in a Korean Hospital.
- Eun Mee Lee, Seung Hum Yu, Myong Sei Sohn, Suk Il Kim
- Korean J Prev Med. 1995;28(2):325-333.
- 2,887 View
- 22 Download
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Abstract
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- Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced into Korea in 1990 and has been rapidly replacing open cholecystectomy when the indications were met. In this study a medical utilization and technology was assessed on the selected hospitalized patients with cholelithiasis who underwent open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy from April 1, 1991 to March 31, 1994. The results are as follows. Despite the low reimbursement rate by the health insurance, the number of laparoscopic cases have been steadily increased. The post-operative days before health insurance coverage were significantly shortened from 8.4 days to 4.6 days. The preoperative days before health insurance coverage were significantly shorted from 8.4 days to 4.0 days. The total length-of-stays in the hospital were also significantly shortened from 15.2 days to 10.7 and 9.8 days in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed low expenses in all aspects expect the average hospital charges per day. For the hospital to have cost containment, it is more effective if length-of-stay is shorter because of high daily inpatient hospital charge. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy also showed shortened anesthesia time and operation time compared with open cholecystectomy that were statistically significant. The mean anesthesia and operation time for open cholecystectomy were 113.2 and 90.2 minutes but those of laparoscopic cholecystectomy were 105.7 and 68.6 minutes. According to this study the laparoscopic cholecystectomy has reduced the medical expenditure and we recommend this procedure over open cholecystectomy. The further discussion on the different morbidity rate between two types of procedure is essential in providing quality medical care, and to educate specialist.
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- Impacts of the Implementation of the DRG Based Prospective Payment System on the Medicare Expenditures.
- Han Joong Kim, Chung Mo Nam
- Korean J Prev Med. 1994;27(1):107-116.
- 3,031 View
- 28 Download
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- The united states adopted DRG based prospective payment system (PPS) in order to control the inflation of health care costs. No study used statistical test while many studies reported the cost containing effect of the PPS. To study impacts of the PPS on the Medicare expenditure, this study set the following three hypotheses: (l) The PPS decelerated the increase in the hospital expenditure (part A), (2) the PPS accelerated the increase in the expenditure of outpatients and physicians (part B), (3) the increase in total expenditure was decelerated inspite of the spill over (substitution) effect because saving in the part A expenditure were greater than losses in the part B expenditure. The dependent variables are per capita hospital expenditure, per capita part B expenditure, and per capita total expenditure for the Medicare beneficiaries. An intervention analysis, which added intervention effect to the time series variation on the Box-Jenkins model, was used. The observations included 120 months from 1978 to 1987. The results are as follows: (l) The annual increase in the per capita part A expenditure was $5.11 after the implementation of DRG where as that before the PPS had been $11.1. The effect of the reduction ($5.99) was statistically significant (t=-3.9). (2) The spill over (substitution) effect existed because the annual increase in the per capita part B expenditure was accelerated by $l.73 (t=l.91) after the implementation of the PPS. (3) The increase in the total Medicine expenditure per capita was reduced by $4.26(t=-2.19) because the spill over effect was less than cost savings in the Part A expenditure.
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- Variation in resource utilization for inpatients among university teaching hospitals in city.
- Hayoung Park, Euichul Shin, Kwongho Meng
- Korean J Prev Med. 1990;23(4):451-464.
- 2,447 View
- 21 Download
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Abstract
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- The variation in resource utilization for hospitalized patients who had a group of similar disease -- a Korean Diagnosis Related Group (KDRG) -- among the same type of hospitals was studied to assess the utilization variation due to the practice pattern of hospitals. Information about inpatients who were beneficiaries of the medical insurance for teachers and government officials discharged from 20 large university teaching hospitals in Seoul during 1986 and information about the hospitals were analyzed to achieve the study objective. A total of 20,223 non-outlier patients in 100 most frequent KDRGs were included in the analysis. Case charges after the review and length of stay (LOS) were used as measures of resource utilization during a hospitalization. A substantial variation among hospitals was found in most KDRGs: the ratio of the maximum and the minimum among the mean case charges of hospitals was greater than 2 in 83 KDRGs; the difference between the maximum and the minimum among the mean case charges of hospitals was greater than 100,000 Won in 94 KDRGs; the ratio of the maximum and the minimum among the mean LOS of hospitals was greater than 2 in 82 KDRGs; the difference between the maximum and the minimum among the mean LOS of hospitals was greater than 3 days in 94 KDRGs. The practice pattern of hospitals explained more than 20% of charge variation in 49 KDRGs and more than 20% of LOS variation in 43 KDRGs. The study results indicated need for a new health policy initiative for cost containment and quality assurance.
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