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Original Articles
Postpartum Depression in Young Mothers in Urban and Rural Indonesia
Alifa Syamantha Putri, Tri Wurisastuti, Indri Yunita Suryaputri, Rofingatul Mubasyiroh
J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(3):272-281.   Published online May 7, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.534
  • 13,749 View
  • 384 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Young mothers are vulnerable to postpartum depression due to role transition-related stress. Understanding the causes underlying these stressors is essential for developing effective interventions.
Methods
This study analyzed the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research data. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to assess postpartum depression symptoms in mothers aged 15-24 years with infants aged 0-6 months. In 1285 subjects, the risk factors for postpartum depression were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression.
Results
The overall prevalence of depression in the 6 months postpartum was 4.0%, with a higher prevalence in urban areas (5.7%) than in rural areas (2.9%). Urban and rural young mothers showed distinct postpartum depression risk factors. In urban areas, living without a husband (odds ratio [OR], 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24 to 11.76), experiencing preterm birth (OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 1.50 to 14.50), having pregnancy complications (OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.20 to 7.66), and having postpartum complications (OR, 5.23; 95% CI, 1.98 to 13.80) were associated with a higher risk of postpartum depression. In rural areas, postpartum depression was significantly associated with a smaller household size (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.00 to 10.38), unwanted pregnancy (OR, 4.40; 95% CI, 1.15 to 16.86), and pregnancy complications (OR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.31 to 8.88).
Conclusions
In both urban and rural contexts, postpartum depression relates to the availability of others to accompany young mothers throughout the postpartum period and offer support with reproductive issues. Support from the family and the healthcare system is essential to young mothers’ mental health. The healthcare system needs to involve families to support young mothers’ mental health from pregnancy until the postpartum period.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Assessing maternal postnatal depression, bonding and practices in mothers of preterm and low birth weight infants in Indonesia
    Ricvan Dana Nindrea, Linda Rosalina, Milya Novera, Long Chiau Ming, Nissa Prima Sari, Nabil Aresto Avilla, Fanisha Anugrah Rahmadhani Putri, Nailah Putri Rivani
    MethodsX.2026; 16: 103750.     CrossRef
  • Postpartum depression and associated factors among childbearing women from the recent Demographic and Health Survey data of Mozambique: Multilevel analysis
    Mamaru Melkam, Bezawit Melak Fente, Yohannes Mekuria Negussie, Zufan Alamrie Asmare, Hiwot Altaye Asebe, Beminate Lemma Seifu, Alemayehu Kasu Gebrehana, Sintayehu Simie Tsega, Meklit Melaku Bezie, Angwach Abrham Asnake
    Heliyon.2025; 11(1): e41106.     CrossRef
  • Intelligent Internet of Medical Things for Depression: Current Advancements, Challenges, and Trends
    Md Belal Bin Heyat, Deepak Adhikari, Faijan Akhtar, Saba Parveen, Hafiz Muhammad Zeeshan, Hadaate Ullah, Yun-Hsuan Chen, Lu Wang, Mohamad Sawan, Stefano Cirillo
    International Journal of Intelligent Systems.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Women with Postpartum Depression: A Literature Review
    Ridha Wahyuni, Nik Nairan Abdullah, Akmal Hisyam Arshad
    Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal.2025; 10(31): 231.     CrossRef
  • Maternal postnatal depression, bonding, and health care practices in providing essential services for preterm and low birth weight infants in Indonesia
    Ricvan Dana Nindrea, Long Chiau Ming, Nissa Prima Sari
    Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.2025; 33: 102028.     CrossRef
  • Association between infant feeding practices, COVID-19 related cognitive factors, and postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional online study in Thailand
    Wichukorn Suriyawongpaisal, Punpawee Kittikul, Eun Young Lee, Li-Yin Chien, Yan-Shing Chang, Kelly Pereira Coca, Doungjai Buntup, Seo Ah Hong
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The efficacy of integrative antenatal class (IAC) to improve the psychological well-being of pregnant mothers
    Lastri M. Winarni, Rita Damayanti, Sabarinah Prasetyo, Yati Afiyanti
    Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Midwifery Counseling Strategies to Prevent Unintended Pregnancies among Young Mothers
    Andi Sitti Umrah, Andi Kasrida Dahlan, Juliani Juliani
    Journal of Applied Nursing and Health.2025; 7(2): 172.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with postpartum depression among women with birth complications in Ghana
    Naomi Kyeremaa Yeboa, Elizabeth Chodzaza, Magdalene Akos Odikro, Masumbuko Albert Baluwa, Listowel Ferka, Lyson Ndaona, Ursula Kafulafula
    British Journal of Midwifery.2025; 33(9): 480.     CrossRef
  • Motherhood and mental health of adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review
    Amber Hussain, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Tanya Park, Salima Meherali, Ejemai Eboreime
    PLOS Global Public Health.2025; 5(9): e0005134.     CrossRef
  • Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale in Postpartum Mental Health Screening on Indonesian Version
    Ratna Dewi Putri, Martha Irene Kartasurya, Sri Achadi Nugraheni, Bagoes Widjanarko, J.-H. Han, S. Changrob, A. Rachmatullah, W. Sabiiti, M.I. Kartasurya
    BIO Web of Conferences.2025; 193: 00077.     CrossRef
  • Common Mental Disorders and Associated Factors During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period in Indonesia: An Analysis of Data From the 2018 Basic Health Research
    Arum Ariasih, Besral, Meiwita Budiharsana, Sudarto Ronoatmodjo
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2024; 57(4): 388.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Maternal Weight Perception Before and During Pregnancy and Postpartum Depression Status in Southern China
    Qin Zhang, Menglu Qiu, Laidi Guo, Yuanyuan Li, Zhencheng Xie, Wanyi Yang, Lishan Ouyang, Jia Yin, Yun Zhou, Minghan Fu, Ye Ding, Zhixu Wang
    Nutrients.2024; 16(21): 3696.     CrossRef
  • Budaya dan Intervensi Depresi Postpartum: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik Lintas Benua
    Ria Anggraini, Ninik Setiyowati
    Jurnal Psikologi.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Qualitative Study of Perinatal Mental Health Services: Experiences and Perspectives of Health Workers and Patients
    Evi Diliana Rospia, Dwi Kartika Cahyaningtyas, Siti Mardiyah WD, Cahaya Indah Lestari
    EMBRIO.2023; 15(2): 216.     CrossRef
Determinants of Depression in Indonesian Youth: Findings From a Community-based Survey
Indri Yunita Suryaputri, Rofingatul Mubasyiroh, Sri Idaiani, Lely Indrawati
J Prev Med Public Health. 2022;55(1):88-97.   Published online December 28, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.113
  • 13,772 View
  • 386 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • 19 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study investigated the determinants of depression in adolescents and young adults.
Methods
The present study analyzed data from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey (Riset Kesehatan Dasar; RISKESDAS). The study subjects were adolescents (15-17 years old) and young adults (18-24 years old). In total, 64 179 subjects were included. Univariable, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations between youths’ characteristics, risky behavior, chronic disease, parents’ health, and youths’ depression.
Results
The prevalence of depression was 5.1% in adolescents and 5.6% in young adults. The risk factors for depression in adolescents were being women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.89 to 4.30; p<0.001), an ex-smoker (aOR, 2.99; 95% CI, 2.10 to 4.25; p<0.001), or a current smoker (aOR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.44; p<0.001); consuming alcohol (aOR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.33 to 3.01; p=0.001), having a chronic disease (aOR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.41 to 4.96; p=0.002); maternal depression (aOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.97 to 3.09; p<0.001); and paternal depression (aOR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.98 to 3.50; p<0.001). In young adults, the risk factors were being women (aOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.82 to 2.75; p<0.001) or an ex-smoker (aOR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.67 to 3.67; p<0.001), consuming alcohol (aOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.89 to 3.09; p<0.001), maternal depression (aOR, 3.12; 95% CI, 2.54 to 3.84; p<0.001), and paternal depression (aOR, 2.80; 95% CI, 2.17 to 3.63; p<0.001).
Conclusions
Being women, smoking, drinking alcohol, having a chronic disease, and having a parent with depression were crucial factors associated with youth depression. Mental health screening, prevention, and treatment should involve collaboration among primary healthcare, schools, universities, professionals, and families.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Medication adherence, depression levels, and quality of life among young people with depression in Indonesia: a mixed method study
    Lafi Munira, Pranee Liamputtong, Bumi Herman, Pramon Viwattanakulvanid
    Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.2025; 60(7): 1731.     CrossRef
  • A cross-sectional study to explore the prevalence of depression and the determinants among school-going adolescents in Indonesia
    Muflih Muflih, Akbar Satria Fitriawan
    Archives of Mental Health.2025; 26(1): 80.     CrossRef
  • Is obesity associated with depression in low- and middle-income countries? Longitudinal evidence from Indonesia
    David Colozza, Isabella Guo, Astrid Citra Padmita, Yunita Arihandayani, Evi Firna, Mauricio Avendano
    International Journal of Obesity.2025; 49(6): 1134.     CrossRef
  • Disabilities and depression in young adolescents living in underdeveloped areas of Indonesia: results from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Survey
    Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini, Hadi Ashar, Janti Pare Nari, Maxwell Landri Vers Malakauseya, Felly Philipus Senewe, Muhamad Arif Musoddaq, Nazarina Nazarina, Donny Kristanto Mulyantoro, Yurika Fauzia Wardhani, Nailul Izza, Christiana Rialine Titaley
    BMJ Open.2025; 15(5): e089737.     CrossRef
  • Clustering the Depression Prevalence in Indonesia Provinces through Natural Breaks Jenks Method
    Widya Saputri Agustin, Herlin Ari Prastika, Gading Kaila Kendrasti, Rohmatul Fajriyah, Vang Le-Quy
    Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Narrative Review of Heart Rate Variability and Psychosomatic Disorders: A Promising Tool for Assessment and Treatment
    Rudi Putranto, Hamzah Shatri, Edward Faisal, Vinandia Irvianita Poespitasari, Marcelino Adiska Megantara
    Heart and Mind.2025; 9(5): 387.     CrossRef
  • Quality of life in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis under programmatic condition using World Health Organization's Quality of Life Brief instrument: A case-control study
    Oki Nugraha Putra, Dewi Ramdani, Aisyah Fitri Kurniawati, Telly Purnamasari, Julaeha Julaeha, Nurul Damayanti
    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2025; 18(8): 363.     CrossRef
  • The Mediating Role of Internet Addiction in the Relationship Between Loneliness and Depression Among Adolescents
    Firman Alamsyah Ario Buntaran, Nor Ba’yah Abdul Kadir, Siti Marziah Zakaria
    Bulletin of Counseling and Psychotherapy.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Psychotherapy in Southeast Asia: Addressing cultural stigma in Indonesia
    Adam Jamal, Rafialdo Arifian
    Asian Journal of Psychiatry.2025; 114: 104746.     CrossRef
  • Healthcare, caregiver and human capital costs associated with anxiety and depression among Indonesian youths
    Karen Arulsamy, Elmeida Effendy, Sarah Mardhiyah, Mustafa M Amin, M Surya Husada, Vita Camellia, Anne-Claire Stona, Eric Andrew Finkelstein
    BMJ Paediatrics Open.2025; 9(1): e003632.     CrossRef
  • Mental health issues and quality of life amongst school-based adolescents in Indonesia
    Andry Juliansen, Rivaldo Steven Heriyanto, Michelle Patricia Muljono, Charista Lydia Budiputri, Yulita Delfia Sari Sagala, Gilbert Sterling Octavius
    Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health.2024; 2: 100062.     CrossRef
  • Social participation among individuals with depression is associated with the use of informal healthcare facilities: findings from the Indonesian family life survey-5
    Sofa D. Alfian, Clara F. Kusuma, Imam A. Wicaksono, Irma M. Puspitasari, Martin Wawruch, Rizky Abdulah
    Current Psychology.2024; 43(25): 21596.     CrossRef
  • The Response of the Hormone Cortisol as a Biomarker of Stress and Its Influence on Blood Glucose Levels After 6 Weeks of Routine Tahajjud in Healthy Young Men
    Yusni Yusni, Safrizal Rahman
    Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Taeseok Kang, Sangjin Kim, Eunseo Kim, Jinhyeong Kim, Jihoon Yoon, Donggeun Lee, Jeesoo Lee, Mi Ah Han
    Psychiatric Quarterly.2024; 95(3): 469.     CrossRef
  • Sleep Disturbances and Depression Levels among General Indonesian Population: A National Survey
    Sofa D. Alfian, Jihan N. Thurfah, Meliana Griselda, Irma M. Puspitasari
    Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Rural-urban differences in common mental disorders among Indonesian youth: a cross-sectional national survey
    Marizka Khairunnisa, Diah Yunitawati, Leny Latifah, Diyan Ermawan Effendi, Yunita Fitrianti, Sri Handayani, Hastin Dyah Kusumawardani
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2024; 15(5): 440.     CrossRef
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    Risza Choirunissa, Sri Achadi Nugraheni, Cahya Tri Purnami, Nur Endah Wahyuningsih
    JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN.2024; 22(3): 554.     CrossRef
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    Ray Wagiu Basrowi, Tjhin Wiguna, Kristin Samah, Nila Djuwita F Moeloek, Mudji Soetrisno, Semiarto Aji Purwanto, Maria Ekowati, Adriana Elisabeth, Andre Rahadian, Bacelius Ruru, Bunga Pelangi
    Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Barriers and facilitators to access mental health services among people with mental disorders in Indonesia: A qualitative study
    Lafi Munira, Pranee Liamputtong, Pramon Viwattanakulvanid
    Belitung Nursing Journal.2023; 9(2): 110.     CrossRef
COVID-19: Original Article
Factors Affecting Public Non-compliance With Large-scale Social Restrictions to Control COVID-19 Transmission in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia
Bunga Christitha Rosha, Indri Yunita Suryaputri, Irlina Raswanti Irawan, Prisca Petty Arfines, Agus Triwinarto
J Prev Med Public Health. 2021;54(4):221-229.   Published online June 24, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.101
  • 10,490 View
  • 447 Download
  • 14 Web of Science
  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The Indonesian government issued large-scale social restrictions (called Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, or PSBB) at the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to control the spread of COVID-19 in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Greater Jakarta). Public compliance poses a challenge when implementing large-scale social restrictions, and various factors have contributed to public non-compliance with the regulation. This study aimed to determine the degree of non-compliance and identify the factors that contributed to public non-compliance with the PSBB in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia.
Methods
This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 839 residents of Greater Jakarta participated in this study. Data were collected online using a Google Form, and convenience sampling was undertaken. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the relationships between public non-compliance with the PSBB regulation and socio-demographic variables, respondents’ opinion of the PSBB, and social capital.
Results
A total of 22.6% of subjects reported participating in activities that did not comply with the PSBB. The variables that most affected non-compliance with the PSBB were age, gender, income, opinion of the PSBB, and social capital.
Conclusions
Strengthening social capital and providing information about COVID-19 prevention measures, such as washing one’s hands with soap, wearing masks properly, and maintaining social distancing, is essential. Robust public understanding will foster trust and cooperation with regard to COVID-19 prevention efforts and provide a basis for mutual agreement regarding rules/penalties.
Summary

Citations

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  • Effectiveness of social distancing under partial compliance of individuals
    Hyelim Shin, Taesik Lee
    European Journal of Operational Research.2025; 322(3): 949.     CrossRef
  • Psychological distress and compliance with sanitary measures during the Covid-19 pandemic
    Irwin Hecker, Solène Wallez, Honor Scarlett, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Richard Bryant, Giulia Caggiu, Claudia Conflitti, Katalin Gémes, Josep Maria Haro, Vincent Lorant, Roberto Mediavilla, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Anna Monistrol-Mula, Matteo Monzio Compa
    PLOS One.2025; 20(7): e0317272.     CrossRef
  • Perceived oppression and online support for COVID-19 non-compliance: the 2021 Trieste port protests
    Alberto Arletti, Alessandro Candiracci, Paolo Francesco Cottone
    Frontiers in Political Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Carryover effects of COVID-19 on precautionary behaviours during similar future pandemics
    Muhammad Abdullah, Nazam Ali, Muhammad Ashraf Javid, Charitha Dias, Syed Arif Hussain Shah
    Transportation Safety and Environment.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Autonomous and policy-induced behavior change during the COVID-19 pandemic: Towards understanding and modeling the interplay of behavioral adaptation
    Heinrich Zozmann, Lennart Schüler, Xiaoming Fu, Erik Gawel, Vincenzo Alfano
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0296145.     CrossRef
  • Disentangling youth non-compliance with COVID-19 restrictions from gender, socioeconomic vulnerability and poor mental health: lessons from the first wave in Catalonia
    Eva Padrosa, Mireia Bolíbar
    Journal of Youth Studies.2023; 26(6): 786.     CrossRef
  • Indonesian Ulema Council Fatwa on Religious Activities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Investigation of Muslim Attitudes and Practices
    Yusuf Hanafi, Ahmad Taufiq, Muhammad Saefi, M. Alifudin Ikhsan, Tsania Nur Diyana, Andy Hadiyanto, Yedi Purwanto, Muhammad Fahmi Hidayatullah
    Journal of Religion and Health.2023; 62(1): 627.     CrossRef
  • Why Do We Not Follow Lifesaving Rules? Factors Affecting Nonadherence to COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines in Indonesia: Healthcare Professionals’ Perspectives
    Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Alfonsa Liquory Seran, Christopher Raymond, Maria Silvia Merry, Roheena Tahir, Gregorius Abanit Asa, Paul Russell Ward
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(14): 8502.     CrossRef
  • The COVID-19 Health Protocol among University Students: Case Studies in Three Cities in Indonesia
    D. Daniel, Arif Kurniawan, Ajeng Rahastri Indah Pinawati, Morrin Choirunnisa Thohira, Md Annaduzzaman
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(17): 10630.     CrossRef
  • The converging influence of social, economic and psychological factors on public responsiveness to the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa
    Lu-Anne Swart, Naiema Taliep, Ghouwa Ismail, Ashley van Niekerk
    BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Gregorius Abanit Asa, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Melkianus Ratu, Paul Russell Ward
    BMC Nursing.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and factors associated with belief in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in Indonesia
    Diyan Ermawan Effendi, Agung Dwi Laksono, Setia Pranata, Zainul Khaqiqi Nantabah
    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2022; 15(7): 308.     CrossRef
JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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