- The Effect of Prenatal Cadmium Exposure on Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in 6-Year-old Children in Korea
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Woosung Kim, Yoonyoung Jang, Youn-Hee Lim, Bung-Nyun Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Young Ah Lee, Johanna Inhyang Kim, Yun-Chul Hong
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J Prev Med Public Health. 2020;53(1):29-36. Published online November 14, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.19.175
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 Abstract
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- Objectives
Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure may be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between Cd exposure during gestation and ADHD at 6 years of age.
Methods
As part of an ongoing cohort study (the Environment and Development of Children study), 479 mother-child pairs from Seoul, Korea were included for analysis between 2008 and 2011. The whole blood concentration of Cd was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The parents were surveyed about ADHD behaviors in their children at age 6. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between prenatal exposure to Cd and ADHD at 6 years of age.
Results
Increased prenatal Cd concentrations were associated with increased scores for ADHD for girls, but not for boys, at age 6. A 2-fold increase in the prenatal Cd level was significantly associated with a 22.3% (95% confidence interval, 11.6 to 34.1) increase in ADHD in girls at 6 years of age, as indicated by the linear regression model.
Conclusions
Our results identified significant associations between prenatal Cd exposure and ADHD scores in 6-year-old girls.
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Summary
Korean summary
이 연구의 목적은 산모와 아이의 코호트 추적조사 상 임신 중 혈중의 중금속 카드뮴 농도가 6세 아이의 주의력결핍 과잉행동 장애(ADHD)와 연관이 있는지를 확인하는 것이다. 자료원으로는 환경부와 식약처 지원 어린이 코호트인 환경노출과 어린이 성장 코호트 (EDC)를 이용하였다. 총 479쌍의 산모-아이 쌍을 대상으로 다변수 선형 회귀분석을 통해 연관성을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 임신 중 산모의 혈중 카드뮴 농도가 2배 증가함에 따라 6세 여아의 한국어판 주의력결핍장애(ADHD) 평점척도 (K-ARS) 점수가 22.3% 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Co-exposure to toxic metals and phthalates in pregnant women and their children’s mental health problems aged four years — Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study (TMICS)
Tsung-Lin Tsai, Chia-Jung Hsieh, Ming-Tsang Wu, Mei-Lien Chen, Po-Hsiu Kuo, Shu-Li Wang
Environment International.2023; 173: 107804. CrossRef - Effects of cadmium on children and adolescents development (systematic review)
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Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2021; 54(1): 37. CrossRef - ADHD: Reviewing the Causes and Evaluating Solutions
Luis Núñez-Jaramillo, Andrea Herrera-Solís, Wendy Verónica Herrera-Morales
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2021; 11(3): 166. CrossRef - Metal and essential element concentrations during pregnancy and associations with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children
Thea S. Skogheim, Kjell Vegard F. Weyde, Stephanie M. Engel, Heidi Aase, Pål Surén, Merete G. Øie, Guido Biele, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ida H. Caspersen, Mady Hornig, Line S. Haug, Gro D. Villanger
Environment International.2021; 152: 106468. CrossRef - Effect of Cadmium on Children's Health in Prenatal and Postnatal Periods of Development
S. S. Ostrovska, Yu. P. Myasoid, R. V. Kovtunenko, V. A. Myakushko, G. P. Chernenko, I. Y. Pismenetska, V. V. Baklunov
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