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Dwi Gayatri 1 Article
Vaccination Status and In-Hospital Mortality among Adults with COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia: A Retrospective Hospital-based Cohort Study
Hotma Martogi Lorensi Hutapea, Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara, Anton Suryatma, Raras Anasi, Harimat Hendarwan, Mondastri Korib Sudaryo, Dwi Gayatri
Received August 16, 2023  Accepted October 20, 2023  Published online October 30, 2023  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.23.360    [Accepted]
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AbstractAbstract
Objective
Prospective studies on vaccination status and mortality related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in low-resource settings are still limited. We assessed the association between vaccination status (full, partial, or none) and in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients at most hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia during the Delta predomination wave.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among hospitalized COVID-19 patients who met the study criteria (>18 years old and admitted for inpatient treatment because of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection). We linked individual-level data in the hospital admission database with vaccination records. Several sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were also analyzed. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to explore the association between vaccination status and in-hospital mortality in this patient group.
Results
In total, 40,827 patients were included in this study. Of these, 70% were unvaccinated (n=28,543) and 19.3% (n=7,882) died during hospitalization. The mean age of the patients was 49 years (range, 35-59 years), 53.2% were female, 22.0% had hypertension, and 14.2% were treated in the intensive care unit, and the median hospital length of stay across the group was 9 days. Our study showed that the risk of in-hospital mortality among fully and partially vaccinated patients was lower than among unvaccinated adults (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]=0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40-0.47 and aHR=0.70; 95% CI, 0.64-0.77, respectively).
Conclusions
Vaccinated patients had fewer severe outcomes among hospitalized adults during the Delta wave in Jakarta. These features should be carefully considered by healthcare professionals in treating adults within this patient group.
Summary

JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health