HELMA total |
HELMA understanding |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.30 (0.86, 1.94) |
0.202 |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.57 (1.04, 2.37) |
0.030 |
|
Men |
0.81 (0.54, 1.22) |
0.323 |
|
Men |
0.87 (0.58, 1.31) |
0.530 |
|
Natural sciences |
3.79 (1.24, 11.6) |
0.019 |
|
Natural sciences |
1.80 (0.72, 4.46) |
0.204 |
|
Low economic status |
0.77 (0.38, 1.59) |
0.493 |
|
Low economic status |
0.81 (0.40, 1.62) |
0.556 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.00 (0.62, 1.62) |
0.968 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.29 (0.80, 2.07) |
0.284 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.55 (0.95, 2.52) |
0.076 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.83 (1.12, 2.98) |
0.015 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
0.86 (0.34, 2.17) |
0.764 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
0.48 (0.19, 1.21) |
0.122 |
|
Having comorbidities |
1.02 (0.40, 2.57) |
0.954 |
|
Having comorbidities |
1.53 (0.58, 4.02) |
0.385 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.88 (0.56, 1.37) |
0.584 |
|
COVID-19 history |
1.07 (0.68, 1.67) |
0.747 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.23 (0.80, 1.88) |
0.333 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.32 (0.86, 2.01) |
0.200 |
HELMA access |
HELMA appraisal |
|
Age ≥17 y |
0.97 (0.64, 1.47) |
0.913 |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.68 (1.10, 2.55) |
0.014 |
|
Men |
0.67 (0.44, 1.02) |
0.064 |
|
Men |
1.05 (0.69, 1.58) |
0.811 |
|
Natural sciences |
1.80 (0.67, 4.81) |
0.240 |
|
Natural sciences |
3.08 (1.00, 9.45) |
0.049 |
|
Low economic status |
0.59 (0.28, 1.24) |
0.169 |
|
Low economic status |
1.32 (0.65, 2.68) |
0.430 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.05 (0.65, 1.70) |
0.823 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.03 (0.63, 1.68) |
0.888 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
0.98 (0.60, 1.60) |
0.944 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.41 (0.85, 2.32) |
0.176 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
2.35 (0.93, 5.93) |
0.068 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
0.98 (0.38, 2.49) |
0.969 |
|
Having comorbidities |
1.53 (0.61, 3.82) |
0.360 |
|
Having comorbidities |
0.74 (0.27, 2.01) |
0.559 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.66 (0.41, 1.04) |
0.074 |
|
COVID-19 history |
1.07 (0.68, 1.68) |
0.754 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.05 (0.68, 1.61) |
0.819 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.36 (0.87, 2.12) |
0.168 |
HELMA reading |
HELMA use |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.12 (0.75, 1.68) |
0.570 |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.00 (0.66, 1.54) |
0.963 |
|
Men |
0.92 (0.61, 1.37) |
0.686 |
|
Men |
0.81 (0.53, 1.25) |
0.358 |
|
Natural sciences |
2.34 (0.87, 6.29) |
0.089 |
|
Natural sciences |
2.44 (0.79, 7.54) |
0.118 |
|
Low economic status |
1.48 (0.74, 2.95) |
0.257 |
|
Low economic status |
0.56 (0.25, 1.23) |
0.152 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
0.83 (0.52, 1.35) |
0.471 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
0.54 (0.32, 0.89) |
0.017 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.82 (1.11, 2.97) |
0.016 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.69 (1.01, 2.85) |
0.044 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
0.78 (0.31, 1.96) |
0.604 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
0.74 (0.27, 2.03) |
0.567 |
|
Having comorbidities |
2.45 (0.94, 6.40) |
0.065 |
|
Having comorbidities |
1.27 (0.49, 3.24) |
0.616 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.89 (0.57, 1.39) |
0.636 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.83 (0.52, 1.32) |
0.443 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.45 (0.94, 2.22) |
0.087 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.60 (1.01, 2.53) |
0.042 |
HELMA communication |
Attitude |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.33 (0.87, 2.03) |
0.174 |
|
Age ≥17 y |
0.92 (0.61, 1.39) |
0.713 |
|
Men |
1.12 (0.74, 1.70) |
0.579 |
|
Men |
0.43 (0.28, 0.65) |
8.595 |
|
Natural sciences |
3.78 (1.07, 13.3) |
0.037 |
|
Natural sciences |
1.24 (0.49, 3.14) |
0.646 |
|
Low economic status |
0.34 (0.14, 0.81) |
0.015 |
|
Low economic status |
0.96 (0.47, 1.96) |
0.925 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
0.92 (0.56, 1.51) |
0.758 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.19 (0.74, 1.93) |
0.460 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.00 (0.60, 1.65) |
0.987 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.49 (0.91, 2.44) |
0.107 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
1.61 (0.64, 4.02) |
0.303 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
0.94 (0.37, 2.40) |
0.913 |
|
Having comorbidities |
1.44 (0.57, 3.64) |
0.434 |
|
Having comorbidities |
0.98 (0.38, 2.50) |
0.977 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.97 (0.62, 1.53) |
0.927 |
|
COVID-19 history |
1.06 (0.67, 1.65) |
0.794 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.45 (0.92, 2.27) |
0.101 |
|
COVID-19 module |
0.96 (0.63, 1.48) |
0.886 |
HELMA self-efficacy |
Preventive behaviour |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.19 (0.79, 1.78) |
0.384 |
|
Age ≥17 y |
0.59 (0.31, 1.11) |
0.106 |
|
Men |
0.65 (0.43, 0.97) |
0.038 |
|
Men |
0.36 (0.19, 0.67) |
0.001 |
|
Natural sciences |
1.71 (0.68, 4.29) |
0.252 |
|
Natural sciences |
1.08 (0.29, 4.03) |
0.899 |
|
Low economic status |
0.54 (0.26, 1.11) |
0.097 |
|
Low economic status |
0.83 (0.31, 2.23) |
0.717 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.01 (0.63, 1.61) |
0.957 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.07 (0.52, 2.23) |
0.836 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.27 (0.78, 2.06) |
0.322 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.28 (0.60, 2.73) |
0.508 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
2.06 (0.79, 5.38) |
0.137 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
1.26 (0.27, 5.93) |
0.763 |
|
Having comorbidities |
0.74 (0.29, 1.87) |
0.532 |
|
Having comorbidities |
2.33 (0.29, 18.2) |
0.419 |
|
COVID-19 history |
1.04 (0.67, 1.61) |
0.859 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.78 (0.40, 1.51) |
0.465 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.33 (0.87, 2.02) |
0.182 |
|
COVID-19 module |
0.79 (0.41, 1.54) |
0.504 |
HELMA numeracy |
Vaccine acceptance |
|
Age ≥17 y |
1.86 (1.19, 2.90) |
0.006 |
|
Age ≥17 y |
0.24 (0.08, 0.76) |
0.015 |
|
Men |
0.52 (0.33, 0.80) |
0.003 |
|
Men |
0.45 (0.18, 1.08) |
0.076 |
|
Natural sciences |
2.88 (1.16, 7.15) |
0.022 |
|
Natural sciences |
1.16 (0.24, 5.60) |
0.851 |
|
Low economic status |
0.66 (0.32, 1.33) |
0.247 |
|
Low economic status |
0.59 (0.17, 2.03) |
0.407 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.44 (0.86, 2.41) |
0.164 |
|
Father with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.50 (0.49, 4.57) |
0.473 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.37 (0.80, 2.34) |
0.244 |
|
Mother with a bachelor’s degree or higher |
1.63 (0.50, 5.25) |
0.413 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
1.17 (0.42, 3.25) |
0.754 |
|
Close relative who is medical personnel |
N/A |
- |
|
Having comorbidities |
1.27 (0.43, 3.67) |
0.658 |
|
Having comorbidities |
0.34 (0.06, 1.73) |
0.197 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.75 (0.47, 1.22) |
0.257 |
|
COVID-19 history |
0.74 (0.27, 1.98) |
0.552 |
|
COVID-19 module |
1.09 (0.69, 1.73) |
0.699 |
|
COVID-19 module |
0.60 (0.22, 1.64) |
0.326 |