Department of Social Welfare, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
Copyright © 2023 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflicts of interest associated with the material presented in this paper.
FUNDING
This research was supported by National University Development Project at Jeonbuk National University in 2021.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Both authors contributed equally to conceiving the study, analyzing the data, and writing this paper.
Variables | Total | Metropolis | City | Rural |
---|---|---|---|---|
Income (log) | -0.018 (0.00)** | -0.014 (0.01)** | -0.028 (0.01)** | 0.010 (0.01) |
Debt | -3.180 (0.00) | -0.001 (0.00) | 0.003 (0.00) | -0.005 (0.00) |
Education | -0.005 (0.00)† | -0.003 (0.00) | -0.007 (0.00) | -0.014 (0.01) |
Volunteer experience | -0.014 (0.01)** | -0.024 (0.01)** | -0.002 (0.01) | -0.005 (0.02) |
Sex (Ref: male) | 0.001 (0.00) | -0.006 (0.01) | 0.011 (0.01)† | -0.010 (0.01) |
Age | -0.001 (0.00)** | -0.000 (0.00) | -0.001 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00) |
Bereaved (Ref: married) | 0.008 (0.01) | 0.004 (0.01) | 0.015 (0.01) | 0.018 (0.02) |
Divorced (Ref: married) | -0.018 (0.01)** | -0.014 (0.01)† | -0.027 (0.01)** | -0.014 (0.02) |
Family member | -0.003 (0.00) | -0.004 (0.00) | -0.002 (0.00) | 0.004 (0.01) |
Health satisfaction | -0.027 (0.00)** | -0.024 (0.00)** | -0.031 (0.00)** | -0.026 (0.01)** |
Income satisfaction | -0.005 (0.00)* | -0.007 (0.00)* | -0.001 (0.00) | -0.010 (0.01) |
Living environment satisfaction | 0.000 (0.00) | -0.001 (0.00) | 0.002 (0.00) | 0.001 (0.01) |
Family relationship satisfaction | -0.021 (0.00)** | -0.026 (0.00)** | -0.021 (0.00)** | -0.003 (0.01) |
Occupation satisfaction | -0.008 (0.00)** | -0.010 (0.00)** | -0.006 (0.00) | 0.000 (0.01) |
Social relationship satisfaction | -0.010 (0.00)** | -0.008 (0.00)* | -0.011 (0.00)* | -0.041 (0.01)** |
Food deprivation (Ref: no) | 0.000 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00)* | 0.000 (0.00) |
Housing deprivation (Ref: no) | 0.001 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00)* | 0.001 (0.00)** | 0.001 (0.00)** |
Medical deprivation (Ref: no) | 0.001 (0.00)** | 0.001 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00)† | 0.000 (0.00) |
Education deprivation (Ref: no) | 0.001 (0.00)** | 0.001 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00)* | 0.001 (0.00)** |
Credit deprivation (Ref: no) | 0.000 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00) | 0.000 (0.00)** | 0.000 (0.00)† |
Constant | 0.499 (0.03)** | 0.499 (0.05)** | 0.556 (0.05)** | 0.279 (0.12)* |
Observations | 16 288 | 8601 | 6485 | 1202 |
No. of personal ID | 5017 | 2713 | 2192 | 460 |