Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Volume 51(2); March 2018

Editorial

Our Valuable Contributors: Reviewers of 2017: Sung-il Cho; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(2):63-63. Published online March 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.18.060

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Original Articles

Barriers to Health Service Utilization Among Iranian Female Sex Workers: A Qualitative Study: Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Jamileh Abolghasemi, Shahnaz Rimaz, Reza Majdzadeh, Fereshteh Rostami-Maskopaee, Effat Merghati-Khoei; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(2):64-70. Published online February 6, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.174

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Objectives
In most countries around the world, sex work is an illegal activity. Female sex workers (FSWs) in Iran hide their identities, and they are known to be a hard-to-reach population. Despite free access to HIV testing, fewer than half of FSWs receive HIV testing. The purpose of this study was to characterize the reasons for which FSWs do not seek testing at drop-in centers (DICs) and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) centers in Iran. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2016. The participants were 24 FSWs who received services at VCT centers and DICs for vulnerable females in the north of Iran and 9 males who were the clients of FSWs. In this study, we made use of purposive sampling and carried out a thematic analysis. Results: We found 4 major and 6 minor themes. The major themes were: fear of being infected (with HIV), stigma, indifference, and knowledge. Conclusions: Despite the significant efforts made by the government of Iran to establish and expand DICs for vulnerable females, the number of FSWs receiving services at these centers has not been very considerable. Consequently, by introducing and implementing training programs for peer groups, it may be possible to take steps toward establishing strategic programs for the control and prevention of HIV/AIDS.

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HIV Treatment and Care of Adolescents: Perspectives of Adolescents on Community-Based Models in Northern Uganda
Charles Miyingo, Teddy Mpayenda, Ruth Nyole, Joan Ayinembabazi, Mujib Ssepuuya, Eddie Marvin Ssebuwufu, Sean Steven Puleh, Samson Udho, Amir Kabunga
HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care.2023; Volume 15: 105. CrossRef
Sex Workers' Self-conceptualization in Iran: An Empathetic Approach for the Redefinition of Prostitution
Ali Asghar Firouzjaeian, Mansoureh Shifteh, Hadis Feli
Sexuality & Culture.2023; 27(5): 1862. CrossRef
Prevalence and predictor factor of lifetime abortion in female sex workers in Iran: results of the national rapid assessment and response in 2017
Payam Roshanfekr, Leila Moftakhar, Sakineh Narouee, Delaram Ali, Meroe Vameghi, Christopher Fairley
Sexual Health.2023; 20(4): 366. CrossRef
“My condition is my secret”: perspectives of HIV positive female sex workers on differentiated service delivery models in Kampala Uganda
Lydia Atuhaire, Constance S. Shumba, Peter S. Nyasulu
BMC Health Services Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Frequency and Factors Associated with Violence Against Female Sex Workers in Tehran, Iran
Nasim Sadat Hosseini Divkolaye, Javad Khalatbari, Marjan Faramarzi, Fariba Seighali, Shokoufeh Radfar, Ali ArabKhazaeli, Frederick M. Burkle
Sexuality & Culture.2021; 25(1): 1. CrossRef
The mediated effect of HIV risk perception in the relationship between peer education and HIV testing uptake among three key populations in China
Yuxi Lin, Chuanxi Li, Lin Wang, Kedi Jiao, Wei Ma
AIDS Research and Therapy.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Access to HIV-prevention in female sex workers in Ukraine between 2009 and 2017: Coverage, barriers and facilitators
Natasha Blumer, Lisa M. Pfadenhauer, Jacob Burns, Zixin Wang
PLOS ONE.2021; 16(4): e0250024. CrossRef
Sexual and Reproductive Health Challenges in Temporary Marriage: A Systematic Review
Farzaneh Valizadeh, Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi, Reza Chaman, Fatemeh Kashefi, Ali Mohammad Nazari, Zahra Motaghi
Journal of Research in Health Sciences.2021; 21(1): e00504. CrossRef
Determinants of safe sexual behavior of female sex workers in Tehran: the woman, her network, and the sexual partner
Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari, Yahya Salimi, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Homeira Sajjadi, Tom A. B. Snijders
BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the reasons for women to engage in sex work in Tehran, Iran: A qualitative study
Javad Yoosefi Lebni, Seyed Fahim Irandoost, Ali Akbar Dehghan, Arash Ziapour, Bahar Khosravi, Nafiul Mehedi
Heliyon.2021; 7(12): e08512. CrossRef
Social Capital and HIV Testing Uptake among Indirect Female Sex Workers in Bali, Indonesia
I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra, Pande Putu Januraga
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2020; 5(2): 73. CrossRef
Experiences and challenges of Prostitute Women in Iran: A phenomenological qualitative study
Javad Yoosefi lebni, Seyed Fahim Irandoost, Arash Ziapour, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Gharehghani, Farbod Ebadi Fard Azar, Goli Soofizad, Bahar Khosravi, Mahnaz Solhi
Heliyon.2020; 6(12): e05649. CrossRef
The Effects of Socio-demographic Characteristics on Indonesian Women’s Knowledge of HIV/AIDS: A Cross-sectional Study
Putu Erma Pradnyani, Arief Wibowo, Mahmudah
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2019; 52(2): 109. CrossRef
Challenges of Seeking HIV Testing Among Marginalized Populations in Iran: A Letter to the Editor
Mehran Rostami, Aboubakr Neshati-Khorram, Shahab Rezaeian
International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

Areca Nut Chewing and the Risk of Re-hospitalization and Mortality Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Pakistan: Muhammad Tariq Karim, Sumera Inam, Tariq Ashraf, Nadia Shah, Syed Omair Adil, Kashif Shafique; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(2):71-82. Published online February 19, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.189

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Areca nut is widely consumed in many parts of the world, especially in South and Southeast Asia, where cardiovascular disease (CVD) is also a huge burden. Among the forms of CVD, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Research has shown areca nut chewing to be associated with diabetes, hypertension, oropharyngeal and esophageal cancers, and CVD, but little is known about mortality and re-hospitalization secondary to ACS among areca nut users and non-users. Methods: A prospective cohort was studied to quantify the effect of areca nut chewing on patients with newly diagnosed ACS by categorizing the study population into exposed and non-exposed groups according to baseline chewing status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations of areca nut chewing with the risk of re-hospitalization and 30-day mortality secondary to ACS. Results: Of the 384 ACS patients, 49.5% (n=190) were areca users. During 1-month of follow-up, 20.3% (n=78) deaths and 25.1% (n=96) re-hospitalizations occurred. A higher risk of re-hospitalization was found (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 3.27; p=0.002) in areca users than in non-users. Moreover, patients with severe disease were at a significantly higher risk of 30-day mortality (aHR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.67 to 4.59; p<0.001) and re-hospitalization (aHR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.73 to 4.26; p<0.001). Conclusions: The 30-day re-hospitalization rate among ACS patients was found to be significantly higher in areca users and individuals with severe disease. These findings suggest that screening for a history of areca nut chewing may help to identify patients at a high risk for re-hospitalization due to secondary events.

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Association between habitual betel quid chewing and risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review
Rodney Itaki, Shalon Taufa
Tropical Medicine & International Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Effects of Iranian Economic Reforms on Equity in Social and Healthcare Financing: A Segmented Regression Analysis: Hamed Zandian, Amirhossein Takian, Arash Rashidian, Mohsen Bayati, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Satar Rezaei, Alireza Olyaeemanesh; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(2):83-91. Published online February 6, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.050

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
One of the main objectives of the Targeted Subsidies Law (TSL) in Iran was to improve equity in healthcare financing. This study aimed at measuring the effects of the TSL, which was implemented in Iran in 2010, on equity in healthcare financing. Methods: Segmented regression analysis was applied to assess the effects of TSL implementation on the Gini and Kakwani indices of outcome variables in Iranian households. Data for the years 1977-2014 were retrieved from formal databases. Changes in the levels and trends of the outcome variables before and after TSL implementation were assessed using Stata version 13. Results: In the 33 years before the implementation of the TSL, the Gini index decreased from 0.401 to 0.381. The Gini index and its intercept significantly decreased to 0.362 (p<0.001) 5 years after the implementation of the TSL. There was no statistically significant change in the gross domestic product or inflation rate after TSL implementation. The Kakwani index significantly increased from -0.020 to 0.007 (p<0.001) before the implementation of the TSL, while we observed no statistically significant change (p=0.81) in the Kakwani index after TSL implementation. Conclusions: The TSL reform, which was introduced as part of an economic development plan in Iran in 2010, led to a significant reduction in households’ income inequality. However, the TSL did not significantly affect equity in healthcare financing. Hence, while measuring the long-term impact of TSL is paramount, healthcare decision-makers need to consider the efficacy of the TSL in order to develop plans for achieving the desired equity in healthcare financing.

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Prevalence and Determinants of Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditures in Iran From 2013 to 2019
Abdoreza mousavi, Farhad lotfi, Samira Alipour, Aliakbar Fazaeli, Mohsen Bayati
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2024; 57(1): 65. CrossRef
Decomposition of Socioeconomic Inequality in Cardiovascular Disease Prevalence in the Adult Population: A Cohort-based Cross-sectional Study in Northwest Iran
Farhad Pourfarzi, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Hamed Zandian
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2022; 55(3): 297. CrossRef
Inequality in Private Health Care Expenditures: A 36-Year Trend Study of Iranian Households
Ehsan Aghapour, Mehdi Basakha, Seyed Hossein Mohaqeqi Kamal, Abolghasem Pourreza
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2022; 55(4): 379. CrossRef
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BA Portnov, S Fotios, R Saad, D Kliger
Lighting Research & Technology.2022; : 147715352210806. CrossRef
Socio-economic inequality in prevalence of type 2 diabetes among adults in north-west of Iran: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition
Farhad Pourfarzi, Satar Rezaei, Reza Malekzadeh, Arash Etemadi, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Hamed Zandian
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2022; 21(2): 1519. CrossRef
Assessing unmet health-care needs of the elderly in west of Iran: A case study
Bakhtiar Piroozi, Farman Zahir Abdullah, Amjad Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Hossein Safari, Mohammad Amerzadeh, Satar Rezaei, Ghobad Moradi, Masoumeh Ansari, Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh, Jamshid Gholami
International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare.2021; 14(5): 452. CrossRef
Measuring inequalities in the selected indicators of National Health Accounts from 2008 to 2016: evidence from Iran
Mohammad Hossein Mehrolhassani, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Marzieh Lashkari
Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of the Health Sector Evolution Plan from the perspective of equity in healthcare financing: a multiple streams model
Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Pouran Raeissi, Mehdi Jafari-Sirizi
International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare.2019; 12(2): 124. CrossRef
The effect of Iranian health system reform plan on payments and costs of coronary artery bypass surgery in private hospitals of Iran
Rasoul Tabari-Khomeiran, Sajad Delavari, Satar Rezaei, Enayatollah Homaie Rad, Mostafa Shahmoradi
International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare.2019; 12(3): 208. CrossRef
Explaining the challenges of academic professional ethics training from the perspective of faculty members at Ardabil University of Medical Sciences: a qualitative study
Shahram Habibzadeh, Hamed Zandian, Hasan Edalatkhah, Mohammad Mehrtak
International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare.2019; 12(2): 138. CrossRef
Equity in healthcare financing: a case of Iran
Faride Sadat Jalali, Abdosaleh Jafari, Mohsen Bayati, Peivand Bastani, Ramin Ravangard
International Journal for Equity in Health.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

Differential Association of Vitamin D Deficiency With Albuminuria by Sex in the Korean General Population: A Cross-sectional Study of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012: Yongwoo Jeon, Jaeyong Shin, Jong Hyun Jhee, Youngdae Cho, Eun-Cheol Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(2):92-99. Published online February 6, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.005

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185 Download
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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Albuminuria has emerged as a biomarker for several medical conditions, and vitamin D has received attention due to its associations with various disorders. We evaluated the association between low serum vitamin D levels and prevalent albuminuria by sex in the Korean general population. Methods: We analyzed 9823 participants (4401 males, 5422 females) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012 (KNHANES V-2), and categorized them as having a normal range of vitamin D levels, vitamin D insufficiency, or vitamin D deficiency. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to compare the risk of albuminuria across these groups. Stratified analyses were conducted by smoking status, obesity, and renal function. Results: Albuminuria was found in 325 of the 4401 male participants (7.4%) and in 455 of the 5422 female participants (8.4%). Among the males, vitamin D deficiency was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for albuminuria of 1.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 2.97, p<0.05). However, such an association was not found in females. The association was stronger in male current smokers (OR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.47 to 8.50; p=0.005). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that sex differences exist in the association between serum vitamin D deficiency and albuminuria. Additionally, we observed that the association was stronger in current smokers than in the overall male population, but was not seen in non-smokers. Therefore, different approaches by sex and smoking status might be needed when considering using vitamin D as a biomarker for renal function.

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Association between environmental chemical exposure and albumin-to-creatinine ratio is modified by hypertension status in women of reproductive age
Gowoon Lee, Sunmi Kim, Inae Lee, Habyeong Kang, Jung Pyo Lee, Jeonghwan Lee, Young Wook Choi, Jeongim Park, Gyuyeon Choi, Kyungho Choi
Environmental Research.2023; 231: 116234. CrossRef
Long-term vitamin D deficiency promotes renal fibrosis and functional impairment in middle-aged male mice
Zhi-Hui Zhang, Biao Luo, Shen Xu, Zhi-Cheng Zhang, Wei-Yang Xing, Yuan-Hua Chen, Cheng Zhang, Hua Wang, Dong-Dong Xie, De-Xiang Xu
British Journal of Nutrition.2021; 125(8): 841. CrossRef

Family Members of Cancer Patients in Korea Are at an Increased Risk of Medically Diagnosed Depression: Youngdae Cho, Yongwoo Jeon, Sung-In Jang, Eun-Cheol Park; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(2):100-108. Published online February 19, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.166

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220 Download
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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objectives
Family members are often cancer patients’ primary source of social and emotional support and make a major contribution to how well patients manage their illness. We compared the prevalence of depression in the family members of cancer patients and the general population. Methods: This study used the data from the fourth, fifth, and sixth rounds of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The variable of interest was the presence of a cohabitating cancer patient in the family and the dependent variable was the presence of diagnosed depression. Results: The odds of having medically diagnosed depression in those with a cohabitating cancer patient in the family were significantly higher than among those who did not have cancer patients in their families (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.17; p=0.009). The OR for females was 1.59, and this increase was statistically significant (95% CI, 1.09 to 2.31; p=0.02). Conclusions: We need to invest more effort into diagnosing and managing depression in the family members of cancer patients. This will have an impact both on their quality of life and on the well-being of patients, as supporters and caregivers play an instrumental role in helping patients manage their illness.

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Quality of Life in Caregivers of Cancer Patients: A Literature Review
María Dolores Guerra-Martín, María Del Rocío Casado-Espinosa, Yelena Gavira-López, Cristina Holgado-Castro, Inmaculada López-Latorre, Álvaro Borrallo-Riego
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Association between changes in having of cancer patients in the family and depression: A longitudinal panel study
Yun Seo Jang, Na-Young Yoon, Kyungduk Hurh, Eun-Cheol Park, Min Jin Ha
Journal of Affective Disorders.2023; 333: 482. CrossRef
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Nahla M. Al Ali, Amjad Eid, Nabela Aljada
SAGE Open.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Cancer Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Leelach Rothschild, Ciera Ward
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Yingying Cai, Alison Simons, Samantha Toland, Junfeng Zhang, Kexin Zheng
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Tatsuo Akechi, Izumi Mishiro, Shinji Fujimoto, Katsuhito Murase
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Caregiving experiences of Korean family caregivers of cancer patients: An integrative literature review
Eunice E. Lee, Shin‐Young Lee
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The Measure of the Family Caregivers’ Experience
Mercedes Guilabert, Paloma Amil, Asunción González-Mestre, Esther Gil-Sánchez, Anna Vila, Joan Contel, Juan Ansotegui, Olga Solas, Ma Bacigalupe, Paloma Fernández-Cano, Marisa Arteagoitia, José Mira
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An Analysis of Infectious Disease Research Trends in Medical Journals From North Korea: Do-Hyeon Park, Min-Ho Choi, Ah-Young Lim, Hee Young Shin; J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(2):109-120. Published online March 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.145

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39,362,023 Download
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Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the current status of infectious disease research in North Korea by analyzing recent trends in medical journals from North Korea in comparison with research from South Korea. Methods: Three medical journals (Preventive Medicine, Basic Medicine, and Chosun Medicine) were analyzed from 2012 to 2016. Articles on tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and parasitic diseases were selected and classified by their subtopics and study areas. Two medical journals published in the South Korea were selected for a comparative analysis of research trends. Results: Of the 2792 articles that were reviewed, 93 were extracted from North Korea journals. TB research in North Korea was largely focused on multi-drug resistant TB and extrapulmonary TB, whereas research in South Korea more frequently investigated non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Research on parasitic diseases in North Korea was focused on protozoan and intestinal nematodes, while the corresponding South Korea research investigated various species of parasites. Additionally, the studies conducted in North Korea were more likely to investigate the application of traditional medicine to diagnosis and treatment than those conducted in South Korea. Conclusions: This study presents an analysis of research trends in preventive medicine in North Korea focusing on infectious diseases, in which clear differences were observed between South and North Korea. Trends in research topics suggest a high prevalence of certain parasitic diseases in North Korea that are no longer widespread in South Korea. The large proportion of studies examining traditional medicine implies a lack of affordable medicine in North Korea.

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